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Alternating current electrolysis:A photoredox catalysis mimic and beyond

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Green Synthesis and Catalysis 2022年第1期3卷 4-10页

作者： Junsong Zhong Chenglin Ding Hyunwoo Kim terry McCallum Keyin Ye Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea The Canadian Bank Note Company OttawaOntario 91758Canada State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Alternating current electrolysis(ACE)is an emerging powerful synthetic tool,which principally resembles photoredox catalysis *** periodically alternating polarity feature allows oxidation and reduction processes to take place on the same electrode surface in a well-controlled manner via the fine-tuning of current frequency along with other reaction ***,many challenging transformations in typical direct electrolysis,including constant current electrolysis or constant potential electrolysis,could be achieved via *** recent advances in the organic synthesis using this emerging technology and its advantages over direct electrolysis are highlighted.

关键词： Electrochemistry Photoredox catalysis Alternating current electrolysis Green chemistry Selectivity

Chiral carbon dots:synthesis,optical properties,and emerging applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第4期11卷 542-564页

作者： Aaron Doring Elena Ushakova Andrey L.Rogach Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Centre for Functional Photonics(CFP)City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARChina. Center of Information Optical Technologies ITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg 197101Russia. Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong518057 ShenzhenChina

Carbon dots are luminescent carbonaceous nanoparticles that can be endowed with chiral properties,making them particularly interesting for biomedical applications due to their low cytotoxicity and facile *** recent years,synthetic efforts leading to chiral carbon dots with other attractive optical properties such as two-photon absorption and circularly polarized light emission have *** start this review by introducing examples of molecular chirality and its origins and providing a summary of chiroptical spectroscopy used for its *** approaches used to induce chirality in nanomaterials are *** the main part of this review we focus on chiral carbon dots,introducing their fabrication techniques such as bottom-up and top-down chemical syntheses,their morphology,and optical/chiroptical *** then consider emerging applications of chiral carbon dots in sensing,bioimaging,and catalysis,and conclude this review with a summary and future challenges.

关键词： properties synthesis chiral

How Dark Energy Might Be Produced by Black Holes

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第5期14卷 573-582页

作者： Eugene terry Tatum Independent Researcher Bowling Green KY USA

If confirmed, the new galactic observations in support of rapidly growing supermassive black holes in association with their production of dark energy may provide for a quantum leap forward in our understanding of black holes, dark energy, and universal expansion. The primary implication of these observations is that growth of black holes may well be coupled with universal expansion (“cosmological coupling”). Study of the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model, in conjunction with these new observations, suggests a novel mechanism of “black hole dark energy radiation”. This brief note gives a rationale for how the high gravitational energy density vacuum within or adjacent to a black hole horizon could be sufficiently energetic to pull entangled pairs of positive matter energy particles and negative dark energy “particles” of equal magnitude out of the horizon vacuum and send them off in opposite directions (i.e., gravitationally-attractive matter inward and gravitationally-repelling dark energy outward). One effect would be that a black hole can rapidly grow in mass-energy without mergers or the usual accretion of pre-existing matter. A second effect would be continual production of dark energy within the cosmic vacuum, fueling a continuous and finely-tuned light-speed expansion of the universe.

关键词： Astrophysics: Galaxies Black Holes Dark Energy Vacuum Energy Cosmological Coupling Flat Space Cosmology ER = EPR Gravitized Vacuum Dark Matter Hawking Radiation

How Gravitational Effects on the Quantum Vacuum Might Explain Dark Energy and Dark Matter Observations

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第6期14卷 833-838页

作者： Eugene terry Tatum Independent Researcher Bowling Green USA

Following a brief review of the “black hole dark energy radiation” and “gravitized vacuum” references, a novel theory of how gravity might affect the quantum vacuum is proposed. This overarching theory proposes that the gravitational field of a sufficiently concentrated collection of matter and/or energy upregulates the virtual particle activity of the adjacent quantum vacuum, thus its energy density and lensing capacity. In contrast to general relativity, the particle and wave duality of quantum physics is necessary for understanding quantum vacuum gravitational effects. Very recent supporting and pending observational studies are discussed, including the ingenious and extremely sensitive vacuum scale to be deployed for the Archimedes Experiment. Support or falsification of this proposal may be imminent.

关键词： Quantum Vacuum Theory Dark Energy Dark Matter Black Holes Archimedes Experiment Black Hole Dark Energy Radiation

Novel Lossless Compression Method Based on the Fourier Transform to Approximate the Kolmogorov Complexity of Elementary Cellular Automata

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2022年第10期15卷 359-383页

作者： Mohammed terry-Jack Department of Computer Science University of York York UK

We propose a novel, lossless compression algorithm, based on the 2D Discrete Fast Fourier Transform, to approximate the Algorithmic (Kolmogorov) Complexity of Elementary Cellular Automata. Fast Fourier transforms are widely used in image compression but their lossy nature exclude them as viable candidates for Kolmogorov Complexity approximations. For the first time, we present a way to adapt fourier transforms for lossless image compression. The proposed method has a very strong Pearsons correlation to existing complexity metrics and we further establish its consistency as a complexity metric by confirming its measurements never exceed the complexity of nothingness and randomness (representing the lower and upper limits of complexity). Surprisingly, many of the other methods tested fail this simple sanity check. A final symmetry-based test also demonstrates our method’s superiority over existing lossless compression metrics. All complexity metrics tested, as well as the code used to generate and augment the original dataset, can be found in our github repository: ECA complexity metrics1.

关键词： Fast Fourier Transform Lossless Compression Elementary Cellular Automata Algorithmic Information Theory Kolmogorov Complexity

Unification Might Be Achievable by a Hypothesis of Instantaneous Time-Jumps during Photon and Graviton Interactions (A Brief Note)

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Journal of Modern Physics 2022年第5期13卷 730-735页

作者： Eugene terry Tatum Independent Researcher Bowling Green USA

Quantum theory according to the Copenhagen interpretation holds that, when a quantum interaction is observed (i.e., “measured”), the observer’s measuring devices temporarily become a part of the quantum system. Relativity theory holds that the event clock of the absorbed or emitted photon or graviton is frozen in time relative to all clocks outside the observed system. If we harmonize both theories, this would appear to imply that time continuity must be interrupted at each instant of observed photon or graviton interaction with matter. It is as if a segment of space-time is clipped out during each such observed interaction. If so, we must dispense with the notion of an absolutely smooth and continuous space-time and replace it with an observation-dependent, discontinuous, relativistic/quantum space-time. Mathematical physicists should be able to model this hypothesis (call it a “time-jump hypothesis”) and its inherent discontinuous space-time in their further efforts at unification.

关键词： Time-Jump Hypothesis Unification Relativity Theory Quantum Field Theory Relativistic/Quantum Space-Time Instantaneous Energy Transition Quantum Measurement Problem Quantum Non-Locality

《第巴法王传》所载明末蒙藏民族关系史事考述

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中国藏学 2023年第3期 40-52,211-212页

作者：才让西北民族大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究院兰州730030

明末清初西藏地方的历史错综复杂,尤其是崛起于后藏的藏巴汗政权与哲蚌寺为首的格鲁派之间纷争不断,但相关历史事件的记载或语焉不详,或有所阙失,使人不明就里。而《第巴法王传》所涉明末西藏内部政治纷争等方面的记载,为此段历史的研... 详细信息

明末清初西藏地方的历史错综复杂,尤其是崛起于后藏的藏巴汗政权与哲蚌寺为首的格鲁派之间纷争不断,但相关历史事件的记载或语焉不详,或有所阙失,使人不明就里。而《第巴法王传》所涉明末西藏内部政治纷争等方面的记载,为此段历史的研究提供了一定的资料,可补史书记载之不足。通过解读《第巴法王传》中关于藏巴汗与甘丹巴家族、蒙古土默特部、格鲁派寺院集团三方联合势力之间斗争的记述,可知甘丹巴家族、蒙古土默特部在其间发挥的作用。传记显示,第巴法王丹增洛桑嘉措虽流落青海,但受到火落赤部的尊崇,其在密切和巩固甘丹巴家族和土默特火落赤部间的联盟起到了重要作用。火落赤家族与格鲁派之间有多层面的关系,火落赤通过大力支持格鲁派来维护其区域霸主的地位。该传有关火落赤部内讧、却图汗家族之宗教信仰及灭青海土默特部、固始汗率和硕特部攻入青海灭却图汗等事件之记载,亦极具史料价值,可与《西宁卫志》等史书所记互补互证。

关键词：甘丹巴第巴法王藏巴汗火落赤却图汗

g factors of nuclear low-lying states:A covariant description

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第2期54卷 198-203页

作者： YAO JiangMing PENG Jing MENG Jie ring Peter School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory for Nuclear Physics and Technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Physics University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosh South Africa Physik-Department der Technischen Universitat Munchen D-85748 Garching Germany

The g factors and spectroscopic quadrupole moments of low-lying excited states 2+1,…,81+ in 24Mg are studied in a covariant density functional *** wave functions are constructed by configuration mixing of axially deformed mean-field states projected on good angular *** mean-field states are obtained from the constraint relativistic point-coupling model plus BCS calculations using the PC-F1 parametrization for the particle-hole channel and a density-independent delta-force for the particle-particle *** available experimental g factor and spectroscopic quadrupole moment of 21+ state are reproduced quite *** angular momentum dependence of g factors and spectroscopic quadrupole moments,as well as the effects of pa.ring correlations are investigated.

关键词：低激发态角动量投影子核协变四极矩构造变形粒子密度耦合模型

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化石人猿超科成员指趾骨弯曲程度与位移行为

人类学学报 2022年第4期41卷 659-673页

作者：张颖奇 terry HARRISON 中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所北京100044 中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心北京100044 纽约大学人类学系人类起源研究中心美国纽约10003

灵长类近节指趾骨的弯曲程度被认为是树栖性和悬垂位移行为的一个重要指标。几何形态测量学—多项式曲线拟合法(GM-PCF)提供了一种更加精准的指趾骨弯曲程度的定量化指标,以剔除指趾骨大小因素之后的标准化曲线高度(NPCH)作为其弯曲程... 详细信息

灵长类近节指趾骨的弯曲程度被认为是树栖性和悬垂位移行为的一个重要指标。几何形态测量学—多项式曲线拟合法(GM-PCF)提供了一种更加精准的指趾骨弯曲程度的定量化指标,以剔除指趾骨大小因素之后的标准化曲线高度(NPCH)作为其弯曲程度的指标,配合指趾骨的曲线长度,可以更加全面地定量分析灵长类指趾骨弯曲程度与位移行为的对应关系。尤其是涵盖灵长类大部分位移行为方式的15个类群、328个个体、5000余件指趾骨的参考样本,基本可以满足各种化石灵长类指趾骨弯曲程度分析和位移行为方式重建的需求。本文总结了发现有完整第Ⅱ-Ⅴ近节指趾骨化石材料的人猿超科成员的颅后骨骼形态适应及位移行为的重建,并运用GM-PCF对这些指趾骨化石的弯曲程度进行了对比分析,以通过指趾骨弯曲程度重建人猿超科成员的位移行为适应,并可为这些人猿超科成员位移行为的完整演化图景增加新的认识。

关键词：人猿超科指趾骨弯曲位移行为功能形态学多项式曲线拟合法两足行走