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The barren stalk2 Gene Is Required for Axillary Meristem Development in Maize

Molecular Plant 2019年第3期12卷 374-389页

作者： Hong Yao Andrea Skirpan Brian Wardell Michaela S.Matthes Norman B.Best Tyler McCubbin Amanda Durbak taylor smith Simon Malcomber Paula McSteen Division of Biological Sciences Interdisciplinary Plant GroupBond Life Sciences CenterUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMO65211USA Department of Biology Penn State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of Biological Sciences California State UniversityLongBeachCA90840USA Division of Biological Sciences Interdisciplinary Plant GroupColumbiaMO65211USA Present address:National Science Foundation 2415 Eisenhower AvenueAlexandriaVA22314USA

The diversity of plant architecture is determined by axillary meristems (AMs). AMs are produced from small groups of stem cells in the axils of leaf primordia and generate vegetative branches and reproductive inflorescences . Previous studies identified genes critical for AM development that function in auxin biosynthesis, transport, and signaling. barren stalkl (ba1), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, acts downstream of auxin to control AM formation. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of barren stalk2 (ba2), a mutant that fails to produce ears and has fewer branches and spikelets in the tassel, indicating that ba2 functions in reproductive AM development. Furthermore, the ba2 mutation suppresses tiller growth in the teosinte branchedl mutant, indicating that ba2 also plays an essential role in vegetative AM development. The ba2 gene encodes a protein that co-localizes and heterodimerizes with BA1 in the nucleus . Characterization of the genetic interaction between ba2 and ba1 demonstrates that ba1 shows a gene dosage effect in ba2 mutants, providing further evidence that BA1 and BA2 act together in the same pathway. Characterization of the molecular and genetic interaction between ba2 and additional genes required for the regulation of ba1 further supports this finding. The ba1 and ba2 genes are orthologs of rice genes, LAX PANICLE1 (LAX1) and LAX2, respectively, hence providing insights into pathways controlling AMs development in grasses.

关键词： maize axillary meristem inflorescenee auxin

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纳里·瓦尔德个展:浑浊辐射

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现代装饰 2022年第4期 8-9页

作者：郭映琴(编译) Oak taylor-smith(摄影) 不详

本展是艺术家纳里·瓦尔德的个人展览,展示了其艺术生涯中近期及标志性作品之间的对话。展览集齐了多幅大型作品,由系统回收的材料和废弃的物件组成,它们穿梭于这座古老的造纸厂,为常青画廊(穆林)以及其工业建筑绘制了一条疯狂而生动的... 详细信息

本展是艺术家纳里·瓦尔德的个人展览,展示了其艺术生涯中近期及标志性作品之间的对话。展览集齐了多幅大型作品,由系统回收的材料和废弃的物件组成,它们穿梭于这座古老的造纸厂,为常青画廊(穆林)以及其工业建筑绘制了一条疯狂而生动的道路。作品围绕艺术家纳里·瓦尔德的实践主题,以敏锐的观察力描绘当代社会中的暴力、种族主义、偏见、刻板印象以及在现下社会中,对权利、财富与贫穷关联性的反思。由此,从这些由杂乱无章的材料化身的艺术作品中,人们得以警见些许存在主义的隐喻:人性及其脆弱性仍是核心。

关键词：瓦尔德大型作品个人展览刻板印象种族主义艺术作品艺术生涯存在主义

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Combatting anthrax outbreaks across Nigeria's national land borders: need to optimize surveillance with epidemiological surveys

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 100-100页

作者： Hammed O.Mogaji Babatunde Adewale Stella I.smith Ehimario U.Igumbor Chidumebi J.Idemili Andrew W.taylor-Robinson Yale School of Public Health Yale University New Haven USA Parasitology and Epidemiology Unit Federal University Oye-Ekiti Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Public Health and Epidemiology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Centre for Infectious Disease Research Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Public Health Walter Sisulu University Mthatha South Africa Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation University of Toronto Toronto Canada College of Health Sciences Vin University Hanoi Vietnam Center for Global Health Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

Background Anthrax is a non-contagious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-positive,spore-forming bac-terium Bacillus *** is common in livestock and wild animals such as cattle,goats,sheep,camels,and *** humans,anthrax may occur after contact with contaminated carcasses or animal products like milk and *** best method to prevent anthrax in people is to ensure livestock are vaccinated,which significantly limits the risk of zoonotic spread to ***,the rate of vaccination of domesticated animals kept by nomadic pastoralists in West Africa is *** groups regularly cross over national boundaries with their grazing *** is a country that historically has done comparatively well to contain this public health ***,in 2023 several outbreaks of human disease appear linked to the consumption of anthrax-contaminated animal products brought into Nigeria by pastoralists from neighboring *** manifestations include skin sores or ulcers,nausea,vomiting,and *** article aims to raise awareness of recent outbreaks of anthrax in West Africa and to callfor a renewed focus on measures to combat this neglected public health concern to the *** body The imperative to pinpoint pivotal issues relating to the ongoing emergence of anthrax cases in Nigeria cannot be *** delving into the prevalence of anthrax in both livestock and human populations residing along Nigeria's borders,unraveling the genetic diversity and potential sources of *** strains,and identify-ing the primary animal host(s)responsible for transmission,we stand to enhance our understanding of this critical ***,investigating the multifaceted factors contributing to anthrax transmission,assessing community knowledge and practices,mapping common migratory routes of pastoralists,and formulating targeted interven-tion strategies tailored to the challenges of border communities,are each crucial steps towards eff

关键词： border Combat doubt

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Vacuum interrupter,high reliability component of distribution switches,circuit breakers and contactors

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第3期8卷 335-342页

作者： SLADE Paul G. MAYO Stephen smith R.Kirkland taylor Erik D. Eaton Electrical HorseheadsNY 14845USA

The use of vacuum interrupters(VIs)as the current interruption component for switches,circuit breakers,reclosers and contactors operating at distribution voltages has escalated since their introduction in the mid-1950’*** electrical product has developed a dominating position for switching and protecting distribution *** are even being introduced into switching products operating at transmission *** the reasons for the VI’s popularity are its compactness,its range of application,its low cost,its superb electrical and mechanical life and its ease of *** major advantage is its well-established *** this paper we show how this reliability has been achieved by design,by mechanical life testing and by electrical performance *** introduce the“sealed for life”concept for the VI’s *** discuss this in terms of what is meant by a practical leak rate for VIs with a life of over 30 *** show that a simple high voltage withstand test is an easy and effective method for monitoring the long-term vacuum *** we evaluate the need for routine inspection of this electrical product when it is used in adverse ambient environments.

关键词： Vacuum interrupter (VI) Reliability Mechanical life Electrical life

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Application of serine integrases for secondary metabolite pathway assembly in Streptomyces

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第2期5卷 111-119页

作者： Hong Gao Gabrielle taylor Stephanie K.Evans Paul C.M.Fogg Margaret C.M.smith Department of Biology University of YorkYorkYO105DDUnited Kingdom School of Health&Life Science Teesside UniversityMiddlesbroughTS13BA National Horizons Centre Darlington campusTeesside UniversityDarlingtonDL11HG

Serine integrases have been shown to be efficient tools for metabolic pathway *** further improve the flexibility and efficiency of pathway engineering via serine integrases,we explored how multiple orthogonally active serine integrases can be applied for use in vitro for the heterologous expression of complex biosynthesis pathways in Streptomyces spp.,the major producers of useful bioactive natural *** results show that multiple orthogonal serine integrases efficiently assemble the genes from a complex biosynthesis pathway in a single in vitro recombination reaction,potentially permitting a versatile combinatorial assembly ***,the assembly strategy also permitted the incorporation of a well-characterised promoter upstream of each gene for expression in a heterologous *** results demonstrate how site-specific recombination based on orthogonal serine integrases can be applied in Streptomyces spp.

关键词： Serine integrase Pathway assembly Streptomyces Erythromycin

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Dietary substitution of soybean oil with coconut oil in the absence of dietary antibiotics supports growth performance and immune function in nursery and grower pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 480-492页

作者： Andrea G.Braundmeier-Fleming Cassandra S.Skenandore Lesly Gil Victoria Jacobsen Melissa Cregger taylor Badger Mallory Karr Guoyao Wu Stephen B.smith Annie E.Newell-Fugate Department of Medical Microbiology Immunology and Cell BiologySchool of MedicineSouthern Illinois UniversitySpringfieldIL 62702USA Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M University4466 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University2471 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843USA

Background:We hypothesized that supplementation of nursery and grower pig diets with coconut oil in the absence of antibiotics would yield maintenance of glucose homeostasis,growth performance,and immune function similar to what is achieved with nursery and grower pig diets containing *** received the same base treatment diets from d24(weaning)to d71 of age and had blood and fecal samples collected on d24,d31,d45 and d71 for measurement of whole blood glucose,serum insulin,cortisol and cytokines,and fecal *** had weekly weights and daily feed consumption measured throughout the *** were euthanized at d71 and subcutaneous fat and ileal contents were collected for assessment for fatty acids and microbiome,*** treatments consisted of 2%soybean oil plus antibiotics(ABX;n=22),2%soybean oil without antibiotics(NABX;n=22),and 2%coconut oil without antibiotics(COC;n=22).Statistical analysis examined the effect of diet within each timepoint using a repeated measures ***:Pigs fed COC diet had decreased serum insulin levels,maintained feed intake,feed conversion and weight gain,and,based on serum cytokines and fecal microbiome,were immunologically similar to ABX-fed ***,NABX-fed pigs performed similarly to the ABX-fed pigs in all parameters except for serum ***,there was no difference in the incidence of diarrhea between any of the diet ***:This study demonstrates that dietary antibiotics are not necessary to maintain growth performance in nursery and grower ***,dietary antibiotics appear to modulate circulating cytokine *** coconut oil is neither harmful nor helpful to growth performance or immune function in nursery and grower pigs but does modulate serum insulin ***,while coconut oil fed at 2%by weight is a suitable substitute for dietary antibiotics,this study suggests that no substitute for dietary antibiotics is needed at all.

关键词： Alternatives Antibiotic supplementation Grower pigs Medium chain fatty acids Nursery pigs Oil

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The Combination of Artesunate and Paclitaxel in 1:1 Ratio Induces Apoptosis and Morphology Change on Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第11期14卷 482-492页

作者： Juan Fabian taylor Pierce Shenell Brown Jazmyne smith Dolapo Adedeji Gloria Payne Department of Natural Sciences Elizabeth City State University Elizabeth City NC USA Department of Health & Human Studies Elizabeth City State University Elizabeth City NC USA

The combination of Artesunate (ART) and Paclitaxel (PTX) in two human prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) was evaluated to investigate the effects on proliferation, apoptosis and morphological changes. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values that were observed by ART and PTX on both LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines at 72-and 120-hour exposure were used to assess these effects. Early and late apoptosis was detected in Annexin V-FITC/PI assay revealed a shift in population of cells towards early and mid-apoptosis with ART + PTX than with ART and PTX individually. More effects were observed on LNCaP cell lines at both 72-hour and 120-hour exposure. The results for the Caspase 3/7 activity assay showed shift of viable population in all induced samples compared to control. Morphological changes occurred in both cell lines;this was validated in qualitative assessment when examined under the inverted microscope. These findings indicated that ART + PTX suppressed PCa cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

关键词： Combination Prostate Cancer Artesunate Paclitaxel Anticancer Activities

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红三叶的遗传育种

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草原与草坪 1985年第5期 20-22页

作者： N.L.taylor R.R.smith 任光

引言红三叶(Trifolium pratense L.)是具有特殊意义的饲料作物,在西欧中部和西部地区的饲料生产上它属于第一流的豆科牧草,在美国每年种子的耗费达23—27百万美元。它的固氮能力较强,每年一公顷可固氮125—200公斤,同时也是燃料、纤维... 详细信息

引言红三叶(Trifolium pratense L.)是具有特殊意义的饲料作物,在西欧中部和西部地区的饲料生产上它属于第一流的豆科牧草,在美国每年种子的耗费达23—27百万美元。它的固氮能力较强,每年一公顷可固氮125—200公斤,同时也是燃料、纤维和奶品加工等的原料,在饲料生产上它一直

关键词：红三叶四倍体遗传变量遗传方差种子产量自交繁殖杂种优势杂交优势显性基因基因控制等位基因栽培品种

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Hybrid graphene metasurfaces for highspeed mid-infrared light modulation and single-pixel imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 524-531页

作者： Beibei Zeng Zhiqin Huang Akhilesh Singh Yu Yao Abul K.Azad Aditya D.Mohite Antoinette J.taylor David R.smith Hou-Tong Chen Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708USA MPA-11 Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA Chemistry Lifeand Earth Sciences DirectorateLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Present address:Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTexas 77005USA

During the past decades,major advances have been made in both the generation and detection of infrared light;however,its efficient wavefront manipulation and information processing still encounter great *** and fast optoelectronic modulators and spatial light modulators are required for mid-infrared imaging,sensing,security screening,communication and navigation,to name a ***,their development remains elusive,and prevailing methods reported so far have suffered from drawbacks that significantly limit their practical *** this study,by leveraging graphene and metasurfaces,we demonstrate a high-performance free-space mid-infrared modulator operating at gigahertz speeds,low gate voltage and room *** further pixelate the hybrid graphene metasurface to form a prototype spatial light modulator for high frame rate single-pixel imaging,suggesting orders of magnitude improvement over conventional liquid crystal or micromirror-based spatial light *** work opens up the possibility of exploring wavefront engineering for infrared technologies for which fast temporal and spatial modulations are indispensable.

关键词： modulator light prevailing

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Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis Identifies a Prominent Gene Involved in the Production of Fatty Acid-Derived Flavor Volatiles in Tomato

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Molecular Plant 2018年第9期11卷 1147-1165页

作者： Karolina Garbowicz Zhongyuan Liu Saleh Alseekh Denise Tieman Mark taylor Anastasiya Kuhalskaya Itai Ofner Dani Zamir Harry J. Klee Alisdair R. Fernie Yariv Brotman Max-Planck-lnstitute of Molecular Plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm Germany Horticultural Sciences Plant Innovation Center University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology 4000 Plovdiv Bulgaria Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beersheba Israel Robert H. smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot 7610001 Israel These authors contributed equally to this article

To gain insight into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tomato, we conducted metabolic trait loci （mQTL） analysis following the lipidomic profiling of fruit pericarp and leaf tissue of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines （IL）. To enhance mapping resolution for selected fruit-specific mQTL, we profiled the lipids in a subset of independently derived S. pennellii backcross inbred lines, as well as in a nearsogenic sub-iL population. We identified a putative lecithin：cholesterol acyltransferase that controls the levels of several lipids, and two members of the class III lipase family, LIP1 and LIP2, that were associated with decreased levels of diacylglycerols （DAGs） and triacylglycerols （TAGs）. Lipases of this class cleave fatty acids from the glycerol backbone of acylglycerols. The released fatty acids serve as precursors of flavor volatiles. We show that LIP1 expression correlates with fatty acid-derived volatile levels. We further confirm the function of LIP1 in TAG and DAG breakdown and volatile synthesis using transgenic plants. Taken together, our study extensively characterized the genetic architecture of Upophilic compounds in tomato and demonstrated at molecular level that release of free fatty acids from the glycerol backbone can have a major impact on downstream volatile synthesis.

关键词： lipidomics lipids lipase volatile FA-VOC Z-4-decenal

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