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Quantitative Trait Loci Analysis Identifies a Prominent Gene Involved in the Production of Fatty Acid-Derived Flavor Volatiles in Tomato

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Molecular Plant 2018年第9期11卷 1147-1165页

作者： Karolina Garbowicz Zhongyuan Liu Saleh Alseekh Denise Tieman Mark taylor Anastasiya Kuhalskaya Itai Ofner Dani Zamir Harry j. Klee Alisdair R. Fernie Yariv Brotman Max-Planck-lnstitute of Molecular Plant Physiology Potsdam-Golm Germany Horticultural Sciences Plant Innovation Center University of Florida Gainesville FL USA Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology 4000 Plovdiv Bulgaria Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beersheba Israel Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot 7610001 Israel These authors contributed equally to this article

To gain insight into the genetic regulation of lipid metabolism in tomato, we conducted metabolic trait loci （mQTL） analysis following the lipidomic profiling of fruit pericarp and leaf tissue of the Solanum pennellii introgression lines （IL）. To enhance mapping resolution for selected fruit-specific mQTL, we profiled the lipids in a subset of independently derived S. pennellii backcross inbred lines, as well as in a nearsogenic sub-iL population. We identified a putative lecithin：cholesterol acyltransferase that controls the levels of several lipids, and two members of the class III lipase family, LIP1 and LIP2, that were associated with decreased levels of diacylglycerols （DAGs） and triacylglycerols （TAGs）. Lipases of this class cleave fatty acids from the glycerol backbone of acylglycerols. The released fatty acids serve as precursors of flavor volatiles. We show that LIP1 expression correlates with fatty acid-derived volatile levels. We further confirm the function of LIP1 in TAG and DAG breakdown and volatile synthesis using transgenic plants. Taken together, our study extensively characterized the genetic architecture of Upophilic compounds in tomato and demonstrated at molecular level that release of free fatty acids from the glycerol backbone can have a major impact on downstream volatile synthesis.

关键词： lipidomics lipids lipase volatile FA-VOC Z-4-decenal

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Early onset of a microcystin-producing cyanobacterial bloom in an agriculturally-influenced Great Lakes tributary

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journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1112-1125页

作者： Robert Michael L.McKAY taylor TUTTLE Laura A.REITZ George S.BULLERjAHN William R.CODY Adam j.McDOWELL Timothy W.DAVIS Department of Biological Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Aquatic Taxonomy Specialists Malinta OH 43535 USA City of Defiance Water Division Defiance OH 43512 USA NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Ann Arbor MI USA

In late May 2016, a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom(cHAB) was detected in the Maumee River, the largest tributary to Lake Erie, the southernmost lake of the Laurentian Great Lakes system. Testing on 31 May identified Planktothrix agardhii as the dominant cyanobacterium with cell abundance exceeding 1.7×10~9 cells/L and total microcystins(MC) reaching 19 μg/L MC-LR equivalents, a level over 10-fold higher than the 2015 revised U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) national health advisory levels for drinking water exposure to adults. Low river discharge coincident with negligible precipitation through the latter half of May coincided with an 80% decline in river turbidity that likely favored bloom formation by a low-light adapted P. agardhii population. Also contributing to the c HAB were high initial nutrient loads and an increase of the river temperature from 13℃ to 26℃ over this same period. The bloom persisted through 5 june with microcystins exceeding 22 μg/L MC-LR equivalents at the bloom peak. By 6 june, the river had returned to its muddy character following a rain event and sampling on 7 june detected only low levels of toxin(<0.6 μg/L) at public water systems located near the bloom origin. The elevated toxin production associated with this early onset bloom was without precedent for the Maumee River and an unique attribute of the c HAB was the high proportion of potentially-toxic genotypes. Whereas Planktothrix spp. is common in lotic environments, and has been previously detected in the Maumee, blooms are not commonly reported. This early onset, microcystin-producing c HAB provided a rare opportunity to glean insights into environmental factors that promote bloom development and dominance by Planktothrix in lotic environments.

关键词： cyanobacteria microcystin Planktothrix qPCR river

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Current and future applications of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of the brain in hepatic encepha-lopathy

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第19期12卷 2969-2978页

作者： VP Bob Graver M Alex Dresner Daniel M Forton Serena Counsell David j Larkman Nayna Patel Howard C Thomas Simon D taylor-Robinson Hepatology Section Division of Medicine A St Mary's CampusFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonSouth Wharf StreetLondon W2 1NYUnited Kingdom Imaging Sciences DepartmentClinical Sciences DivisionFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonHammersmith HospitalDu Cane RoadLondon W12 0HSUnited Kingdom Imaging Sciences Department Clinical Sciences Division Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonHammersmith HospitalDu Cane RoadLondon W12 0HSUnited Kingdom Hepatology Section Division of Medicine A St Mary's CampusFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonSouth Wharf StreetLondon W2 1NYUnited Kingdom

Hepatic encephalopathy （HE） is a common neuropsychiatric abnormality, which complicates the course of patients with liver disease and results from hepatocellular failure and/or portosystemic shunting. The manifestations of HE are widely variable and involve a spectrum from mild subclinical disturbance to deep coma. Research interest has focused on the role of circulating gut-derived toxins, particularly ammonia, the development of brain swelling and changes in cerebral neurotransmitter systems that lead to global CNS depression and disordered function. Until recently the direct investigation of cerebral function has been difficult in man. However, new magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） techniques provide a non-invasive means of assessment of changes in brain volume （coregistered MRI） and impaired brain function （fMRI）, while proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy （^1H MRS） detects changes in brain biochemistry, including direct measurement of cerebral osmolytes, such as myoinositol, glutamate and glutamine which govern processes intrinsic to cellular homeostasis, including the accumulation of intracellular water. The concentrations of these intracellular osmolytes alter with hyperammonaemia. MRS-detected metabolite abnormalities correlate with the severity of neuropsychiatric impairment and since MR spectra return towards normal after treatment, the technique may be of use in objective patient monitoring and in assessing the effectiveness of various treatment regimens.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Magnetic resonance imaging Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Diffusion weighted imaging Arterial spin labeling Functional MRI

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用衍生的焦油粘结剂使炭粒胶结并成型

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煤炭综合利用译丛 1990年第2期13卷 64-71页

作者： j.W.taylor 王祖侗中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所

本文试图探明将非炼焦煤碳化所得的硬质炭粒,用该煤产生的焦油作粘结剂,压制成生型块的细节和型块经适当热处理后,其内部的碎屑胶结在一起的情形。虽然已有一些有关粉状物成型各种原理的综述和有关煤或其他燃料加粘结剂生产型块的成型... 详细信息

本文试图探明将非炼焦煤碳化所得的硬质炭粒,用该煤产生的焦油作粘结剂,压制成生型块的细节和型块经适当热处理后,其内部的碎屑胶结在一起的情形。虽然已有一些有关粉状物成型各种原理的综述和有关煤或其他燃料加粘结剂生产型块的成型研究的综述与报道。但主要由于所涉及体系的复杂性,这些研究基本上限于经验或半经验的结果。

关键词：焦油粘结剂炭粒胶结成型

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Hybrid graphene metasurfaces for highspeed mid-infrared light modulation and single-pixel imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 524-531页

作者： Beibei Zeng Zhiqin Huang Akhilesh Singh Yu Yao Abul K.Azad Aditya D.Mohite Antoinette j.taylor David R.Smith Hou-Tong Chen Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Center for Metamaterials and Integrated Plasmonics Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDuke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27708USA MPA-11 Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeArizona 85287USA Chemistry Lifeand Earth Sciences DirectorateLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Present address:Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTexas 77005USA

During the past decades,major advances have been made in both the generation and detection of infrared light;however,its efficient wavefront manipulation and information processing still encounter great *** and fast optoelectronic modulators and spatial light modulators are required for mid-infrared imaging,sensing,security screening,communication and navigation,to name a ***,their development remains elusive,and prevailing methods reported so far have suffered from drawbacks that significantly limit their practical *** this study,by leveraging graphene and metasurfaces,we demonstrate a high-performance free-space mid-infrared modulator operating at gigahertz speeds,low gate voltage and room *** further pixelate the hybrid graphene metasurface to form a prototype spatial light modulator for high frame rate single-pixel imaging,suggesting orders of magnitude improvement over conventional liquid crystal or micromirror-based spatial light *** work opens up the possibility of exploring wavefront engineering for infrared technologies for which fast temporal and spatial modulations are indispensable.

关键词： modulator light prevailing

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Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan

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journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第5期60卷 382-396页

作者： Wai Li Lim Helen M. Collins Rohan R. Singh Natalie A. j. Kibble Kuok Yap jillian taylor Geoffrey B. Fincher Rachel A. Burton ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls School of Agriculture Food and Wine University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SouthAustralia 5064 Australia Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland，4072，Australia

Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, 0,3;1,4）-β-glucan （mixed-linkage glucan）, primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCsIH1 grain. Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition.

关键词： Tobias I. Baskin University of Massachusetts USA

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Artificial intelligence for renal cancer:From imaging to histology and beyond

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Asian journal of Urology 2022年第3期9卷 243-252页

作者： Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski Luisa Egen chanel E.Fischetti Stefano Puliatti Gomez Rivas juan Mark Taratkin Rivero Belenchon Ines Marie Angela Sidoti Abate julia Muhlbauer Frederik Wessels Enrico Checcucci Giovanni Cacciamani Department of Urology and Urological Surgery University Medical Centre MannheimMannheimGermany Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Urology Department University of Modena&Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly ORSI Academy MelleBelgium Department of Urology Hospital Clinico San CarlosMadridSpain Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health Sechenov UniversityMoscowRussia Urology and Nephrology Department Virgen del Rocı´o University HospitalManuel Siurot s/nSevilleSpain Department of Surgery Candiolo Cancer InstituteFPO-IRCCSCandioloTurinItaly USC Institute of Urology University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

Artificial intelligence(AI)has made considerable progress within the last decade and is the subject of contemporary *** trend is driven by improved computational abilities and increasing amounts of complex data that allow for new approaches in analysis and *** cell carcinoma(RCC)has a rising incidence since most tumors are now detected at an earlier stage due to improved *** creates considerable challenges as approximately 10%e17%of kidney tumors are designated as benign in histopathological evaluation;however,certain co-morbid populations(the obese and elderly)have an increased peri-interventional *** offers an alternative solution by helping to optimize precision and guidance for diagnostic and therapeutic *** narrative review introduced basic principles and provide a comprehensive overview of current AI techniques for ***,AI applications can be found in any aspect of RCC management including diagnostics,perioperative care,pathology,and *** commonly applied models include neural networks,random forest,support vector machines,and ***,for implementation in daily practice,health care providers need to develop a basic understanding and establish interdisciplinary collaborations in order to standardize datasets,define meaningful endpoints,and unify interpretation.

关键词： Kidney cancer Imaging Technology Artificial intelligence Machine learning

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The role of Al_(2)Y in grain refinement in Mg-Al-Y alloy system

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2013年第2期1卷 115-121页

作者： H.-W.Chang D.Qiu j.A.taylor M.A.Easton M.-X.Zhang Division of Materials School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Physics and Materials Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia

A series of Mge10(AlþY)alloys with various weight ratios of Al to Y were cast to investigate the role of Al_(2)Y in grain refinement in MgeAleY ternary *** analysis combined with microstructural and EDX analysis was used to determine the phase transformation temperatures during solidification *** results show that when the Al content is below 4 wt%,a peritectic reaction,LþAl_(2)Y/a-Mg,occurs after the intermetallic Al_(2)Y forms directly from the melt as a pro-peritectic *** the Al content is above 4 wt%,an eutectic reaction occurs at a lower *** presence of the pro-peritectic phase can lead to nucleation of a-Mg directly through a peritectic reaction although grain refining efficiency is also closely related to the active particle *** the case where solidification does not involve a peritectic reaction,the growth restriction factor,quantitatively the Q-value,governs the grain refining *** Q-value corresponds to finer grains.

关键词： Grain refinement Mg alloys Thermal analysis

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Focused transcription from the human CR2/CD21 core promoter is regulated by synergistic activity of TATA and Initiator elements in mature B cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第1期13卷 119-131页

作者： Rhonda L taylor Mark N Cruickshank Mahdad Karimi Han Leng Ng Elizabeth Quail Kenneth M Kaufman john B Harley Lawrence j Abraham Betty P Tsao Susan A Boackle Daniela Ulgiati School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Telethon Kids Institute The University of Western Australia Crawley WA Australia Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA US Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cincinnati OH USA Division of Rheumatology Department of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Division of Rheumatology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO USA

Complement receptor 2 （CR2/CD21） is predominantly expressed on the surface of mature B cells where it forms part of a coreceptor complex that functions, in part, to modulate B-cell receptor signal strength. CR2/CD21 expression is tightly regulated throughout B-cell development such that CR2/CD21 cannot be detected on pre-B or terminally differentiated plasma cells. CR2/CD21 expression is upregulated at B-cell maturation and can be induced by IL-4 and CD40 signaling pathways. We have previously characterized elements in the proximal promoter and first intron of CR2/CD21 that are involved in regulating basal and tissue-specific expression. We now extend these analyses to the CR2/CD21 core promoter. We show that in mature B cells, CR2/~D21 transcription proceeds from a focused TSS regulated by a non-consensus TATA box, an initiator element and a downstream promoter element. Furthermore, occupancy of the general transcriptional machinery in pre-B versus mature B-cell lines correlate with CR2/CD21 expression level and indicate that promoter accessibility must switch from inactive to active during the transitional B-cell window.

关键词： B cells core promoter CR2/CD21 molecular biology transcription factor

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Revealing interfacial charge redistribution of homologous Ru-RuS_(2) heterostructure toward robust hydrogen oxidation reaction

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 332-339页

作者： Yi Liu Lianrui Cheng Shuqing Zhou Yuting Yang Chenggong Niu Tayirjan taylor Isimjan Bao Wang Xiulin Yang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004GuangxiChina State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation(SABIC)at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Precisely tailoring the surface electronic structures of electrocatalysts for optimal hydrogen binding energy and hydroxide binding energy is vital to improve the sluggish kinetics of hydrogen oxidation reac-tion(HOR).Herein,we employ a partial desulfurization strategy to construct a homologous Ru-RuS_(2) heterostructure anchored on hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres(Ru-RuS_(2)@C).The disparate work functions of the heterostructure contribute to the spontaneous formation of a unique built-in electric field,accelerating charge transfer and boosting conductivity of ***,Ru-RuS_(2)@C exhibits robust HOR electrocatalytic activity,achieving an exchange current density and mass activity as high as 3.56 mA cm^(-2) and 2.13 mAμg_(Ru)^(-1),*** those of state-of-the-art Pt/C and most contemporary Ru-based HOR ***,Ru-RuS_(2)@C can tolerate 1000 ppm of cO that lacks in Pt/*** analysis reveals that the directional electron transfer across Ru-RuS_(2) heterointerface induces local charge redistribution in interfacial region,which optimizes and balances the adsorption energies of H and OH species,as well as lowers the energy barrier for water formation,thereby promoting theHoR performance.

关键词： Heterostructure Hollow spherical structure Hydrogen oxidation reaction Charge redistribution Density functional calculation

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