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White matter changes in 80 mild cognitive impairment patients using magnetic resonance imaging

Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第9期4卷 654-658页

作者： Hyun Cho Jee-Hyun kwon Sun-young Kim Department of Neurology Ulsan University Hospital

BACKGROUND： Many studies have suggested that one possible etiology of mild cognitive impairment is small vessel cerebrovascular disease, which is associated with small subcortical infarcts and white matter abnormalities. These white matter changes have been detected as white matter hyperintensity （WMH） using magnetic resonance imaging. WMH may be associated with frontal lobe dysfunction. OBJECTIVE： To examine white matter changes in mild cognitive impairment patients of different subtypes, and to evaluate the correlation between white matter changes and neuropsychological characteristics, demographic information, vascular risk factors, and mild cognitive impairment subtypes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neurophysiological, comparison study was performed at the Department of Neurology Memory Clinic, Ulsan University Hospital, South Korea, between March 2007 and March 2008. PARTICIPANTS： Out of a total of 83 subjects with clinically diagnosed mild cognitive impairment at the out-patient clinic, 3 subjects with severe WMH were excluded. A total of 80 subjects were included in this study. No patients suffered from cognitive impairment induced by neurological diseases, mental disorders, or somatic diseases. In accordance with magnetic resonance imaging results, the patients were assigned to two subtypes： 56 subjects without WMH and 24 subjects with WMH. METHODS： All patients were subjected to a standard neuropsychological battery using the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and comprehensive Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery. The Clinical Dementia Rating reflected general cognitive function of patients. Results from the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery reflected attention, language function, visuospatial function, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, long-term memory, and frontal/executive function. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to map changes in the brain. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The association between va

关键词： mild cognitive impairment cerebrovascular disease white matter hyperintensity frontal/executive dysfunction

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Development of a novel electrolytic process for producing high-purity magnesium metal from magnesium oxide using a liquid tin cathode

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第5期9卷 1661-1672页

作者： tae-Hyuk Lee Toru H.Okabe Jin-young Lee young Min Kim Jungshin Kang Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources 124 Gwahak-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan University of Science and Technology 217 Gajeong-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea Korea Institute of Materials Science 797 Changwondae-roSeongsan-guChangwonGyeongnam51508Republic of Korea

The current electrolytic processes for magnesium(Mg)metal have several disadvantages,such as anhydrous magnesium chloride(MgCl_(2))preparation and generation of harmful chlorine(Cl_(2))*** overcome these drawbacks,a novel Mg production process to produce high-purity Mg metal directly from magnesium oxide(MgO)was investigated in this *** electrolysis of MgO was conducted using a liquid tin(Sn)cathode and a carbon(C)anode in the eutectic composition of a magnesium fluoride(MgF_(2))-lithium fluoride(LiF)molten salt under an applied voltage of 2.5 V at 1053-1113 *** certain conditions,the Mg-Sn alloys with Mg_(2)Sn and Mg(Sn)phases were obtained with a current efficiency of 86.6%at 1053 *** produce high-purity Mg metal from the Mg-Sn alloy,vacuum distillation was conducted at 1200-1300 K for a duration of 5-10 *** the vacuum distillation,the concentration of Mg in the Mg-Sn alloy feed decreased from 34.1 to 0.17 mass%,and Mg metal with a purity of 99.999%was obtained at 1200 ***,the electrolytic process developed here is feasible for the production of high-purity Mg metal from MgO using an efficient method.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium oxide Electrolytic process Liquid tin cathode Vacuum distillation

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Gain enhancement of perovskite nanosheets by a patterned waveguide:excitation and temperature dependence of gain saturation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2688-2699页

作者： Inhong Kim Ga Eul Choi Ming Mei Min Woo Kim Minju Kim young Woo kwon tae-In Jeong Seungchul Kim Suck Won Hong Kwangseuk Kyhm Robert A.Taylor Department of Opto&Cogno Mechatronics Engineering RCDAMPPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Nano-Fusion Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Clarendon Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PUUK

Optical gain enhancement of two-dimensional CsPbBr3 nanosheets was studied when the amplified spontaneous emission is guided by a patterned structure of *** the uncertainties and pitfalls in retrieving a gain coefficient from the variable stripe length method,a gain contour g((h))ω.x)was obtained in the plane of spectrum energy(hω)and stripe length(x),whereby an average gain was obtained,and gain saturation was *** and temperature dependence of the gain contour show that the waveguide enhances both gain and thermal stability due to the increased optical confinement and heat dissipation,and the gain origins were attributed to the two-dimensional excitons and the localized states.

关键词： waveguide saturation contour

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Risk stratification for disease progression in pT3 prostate cancer after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第6期19卷 700-706页

作者： Jeong Hee Hong young Suk kwon Isaac Yi Kim Section of Urologic Oncology Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey Division of Urology Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA Department of Urology Dankook University College of Medicine Cheonan 31116 South Korea.

The aim of this study is to identify optimal patients for adjuvant radiation therapy （ART） in pT3 prostate cancer. The role of ART for patients with adverse pathologic features after radical prostatectomy （RP） has been demonstrated, but over- or under-treatment remains a significant concern. Two-hundred and five patients with pT3NOMO who underwent robot-assisted RP without ART were analyzed. Multivariate Cox proportional regression analyses were used to identify predictors of biochemical recurrence （BCR） and clinical progression （CP）. The estimated 5-year BCR-free survival （BCRFS） and CP-free survival （CPFS） were 52.8% and 85.6%, respectively. Preoperative prostate-specifc antigen （PSA）：〉10 ng m1-1 （hazard ratio [HR]： 3.288-6.027; P = 0.003）, pathologic Gleason score （pGS）：〉8 （HR： 4.146; P = 0.014）, and lymphovascular invasion （LVI）（HR： 2.167; P = 0.026） were associated with BCR. Based on these factors, a risk stratification tool was developed. Patients with no risk factors （PSA 〈10 ng m1-1, pGS 6, and absent LVI） showed excellent BCRFS and CPFS at 5 years （91.9% and 100.0%, respectively）, but those with two or more risk factors （PSA ：〉10 ng ml-1, pGS ≥8, or present LVI） had poor BCRFS and CPFS （12.1% and 54.6%, respectively）. In addition, the multivariate analysis revealed that pathologic stage pT3b （HR： 5.393; P = 0.025） was the only predictor of CP. Our study demonstrated the heterogeneity of oncologic outcomes in patients with pT3 prostate cancer. The proposed risk stratification can be used to identify patients who are at risk for disease progression and may aid in identifying the best patients for ART.

关键词： prostatectomy prostate-specific antigen recurrence survival

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Fuzzy logic controller design with unevenly-distributed membership function for high performance chamber cooling system

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第7期21卷 2684-2692页

作者：曹健鹏 Seok-kwon Jeong young-Mi Jung Graduate School of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering Pukyong National University Department of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Engineering Pukyong National University

Fuzzy logic controller adopting unevenly-distributed membership function was presented with the purpose of enhancing performance of the temperature control precision and robustness for the chamber cooling *** equalization and noise detection were performed to modify the evenly-distributed membership functions of error and error change rate into unevenly-distributed membership ***,the experimental results with evenly and unevenly distributed membership functions were compared under the same outside environment *** experimental results show that the steady-state error is reduced around 40% and the noise disturbance is rejected successfully even though noise range is 60% of the control precision *** control precision is improved by reducing the steady-state error and the robustness is enhanced by rejecting noise disturbance through the fuzzy logic controller with unevenly-distributed membership ***,the system energy efficiency and lifetime of electronic expansion valve(EEV) installed in chamber cooling system are improved by adopting the unevenly-distributed membership function.

关键词： chamber cooling system fuzzy logic controller unevenly-distributed membership function steady-state error reduction robustness variable speed refrigeration system

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Brain activation induced by different strengths of hand grasp: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 875-879页

作者： Hyeok Gyu kwon Ju Sang Kim Mi young Lee Department of Physical Therapy College of Health ScienceEulji UniversityGyeonggiRepublic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Yeungnam University HospitalDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Physical Therapy College of Health and TherapyDaegu Haany UniversityGyeongsansiRepublic of Korea

Mirror neuron system can be activated by observation and execution of an *** has an important function of action *** investigated brain activations in humans by observing the strength of a hand grasp using functional magnetic resonance *** right-handed healthy individuals,consisting of 10 males and 10 females,aged 22.40 ± 2.04 years,were recruited into this study from September to November 2017 via *** hand grasp task video showed a hand lightly grasping and releasing a ball *** hand grasp task video showed a hand tightly grasping and releasing a ball *** magnetic resonance imaging block design paradigm comprised five stimulation blocks alternating with five baseline *** blocks were presented with two stimulus tasks,consisting of a light grasp and a powerful *** of interest was defined around the inferior parietal lobule,inferior frontal gyrus,and superior temporal sulcus which have been called mirror neuron *** inferior parietal lobule,fusiform,postcentral,occipital,temporal,and frontal gyri were activated during light and powerful grasp *** BOLD signal response of a powerful grasp was stronger than that of a light *** results suggest that brain activation of the inferior parietal lobule,which is the core brain region of the mirror neuron system,was stronger in the powerful grasp task than in the light grasp *** believe that our results might be helpful for instructing rehabilitation of brain *** study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Daegu Oriental Hospital of Daegu Haany University on September 8,2017 (approval ***-D-17020-PRO-01).

关键词： brain activation fMRI human brain inferior parietal lobule light grasp mirror neuron system powerful grasp

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Tidal effects based on a GUP-induced effective metric

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 63-72页

作者： Soon-tae Hong Yong-Wan Kim young-Jai Park Center for Quantum Spacetime and Department of Physics Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea Department of Physics Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea

In this paper,we study tidal forces in the Schwarzschild black hole,whose metric explicitly includes a generalized uncertainty principle(GUP)*** also investigate interesting features of the geodesic equations and tidal effects that are dependent on the GUP parameterαrelated to a minimum ***,by solving the geodesic deviation equations explicitly with appropriate boundary conditions,we show thatαin the effective metric affects both the radial and angular components of the geodesic equation,particularly near the singularities.

关键词： generalized uncertainty principle geodesic deviation equation effective metric

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Minimum dose path planning for facility inspection based on the discrete Rao-combined ABC algorithm in radioactive environments with obstacles

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第4期34卷 26-40页

作者： kwon Ryong Hong Su Il O Ryon Hui Kim tae Song Kim Jang Su Kim Faculty of Energy Science Kim Il Sung UniversityPyongyangDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea High-Tech Research&Development Centre Institute of Information TechnologyKim Il Sung UniversityPyongyangDemocratic People’s Republic of Korea

Workers who conduct regular facility inspections in radioactive environments will inevitably be affected by ***,it is important to optimize the inspection path to ensure that workers are exposed to the least amount of *** study proposes a discrete Rao-combined artificial bee colony(ABC)algorithm for planning inspection paths with minimum exposure doses in radioactive environments with *** this algorithm,retaining the framework of the traditional ABC algorithm,we applied the directional solution update rules of Rao algorithms at the employed bee stage and onlooker bee stage to increase the exploitation ability of the algorithm and implement discretion using the swap operator and swap *** increase the randomness of solution generation,the chaos algorithm was used at the initialization *** K-opt operation technique was introduced at the scout bee stage to increase the exploration ability of the *** path planning in an environment with complex structural obstacles,an obstacle detour technique using a recursive algorithm was *** evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm,we performed experimental simulations in three hypothetical environments and compared the results with those of improved particle swarm optimization,chaos particle swarm optimization,improved ant colony optimization,and discrete Rao’s *** experimental results show the high performance of the proposed discrete Rao-combined ABC algorithm and its obstacle detour capability.

关键词： Minimum dose Path planning Nuclear facility inspection ABC algorithm Rao algorithms Swap sequence K-opt operation

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Programmed death ligand-1 expression and its prognostic role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第37期22卷 8389-8397页

作者： Ryul Kim Bhumsuk Keam Dohee kwon Chan-young Ock Miso Kim tae Min Kim Hak Jae Kim Yoon Kyung Jeon In Kyu Park Chang Hyun Kang Dong-Wan Kim young tae Kim Dae Seog Heo Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080South Korea Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Pathology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Radiation Oncology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080South Korea

AIM To investigate the expression and prognostic role of programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1) in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC).METHODS A total of 200 patients with ESCC who underwent radical esophagectomy with standard lymphadenectomy as the initial definitive treatment in Seoul National University Hospital from December 2000 to April 2013 were eligible for this analysis. Tissue microarrays were constructed by collecting tissue cores from surgical specimens, and immunostained with antibodies directed against PD-L1, p16, and c-Met. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to assess clinical outcomes. Patients were divided into two groups by PD-L1 status, and significant differences in clinicopathologic characteristics between the two groups were assessed. RESULTS Tumor tissues from 67 ESCC patients(33.5%) were PDL1-positive. Positive p16 expression was observed in 21 specimens(10.5%). The H-score for c-Met expression was ≥ 50 in 42 specimens(21.0%). Although PDL1-positivity was not significantly correlated with any clinical characteristics including age, sex, smoking/alcoholic history, stage, or differentiation, H-scores for c-Met expression were significantly associated with PDL1-positivity(OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.16-4.72, P = 0.017). PD-L1 expression was not significantly associated with a change in overall survival(P = 0.656). In contrast, the locoregional relapse rate tended to increase(P = 0.134), and the distant metastasis rate was significantly increased(HR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.01-2.79, P = 0.028) in patients with PD-L1-positive ESCC compared to those with PD-L1-negative *** PD-L1 expression is positively correlated with c-Met expression in ESCC. PD-L1 may play a critical role in distant failure and progression of ESCC.

关键词： Esophageal neoplasm Programmed death ligand-1 protein c-Met protein Prognosis p16INK4A protein

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Evaluation of alternative criteria for determining the optimal location of RWIS stations

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2013年第1期21卷 17-27页

作者： tae J. kwon Liping Fu Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave WestWaterlooON N2L 6P4USA School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong University

This article presents a comprehensive framework for determining the location of road weather information system （RWIS） stations over a regional road network. In the proposed methodology, the region is divided into a grid of equal-sized zones which are considered as the minimum spatial unit for allocating a candidate set of RWIS stations. These zones are ranked according to a set of pre-specified criteria that reflect the needs for, and potential benefits from, real-time RWIS, including road surface temperature variability, precipitation, network traffic, and collision patterns. A case study based on the existing RWIS network in the province of Ontario was conducted to illustrate the major features of the proposed method and evaluate the implications of alternative loca- tion selection criteria. The findings of the study suggest that it is feasible to develop a systematic process for locating RWIS stations using an integrated location criterion to capture multiple factors being considered in prac- tice. The study has also revealed the need to establish quantitative models for estimating the benefit of real-time information from RWIS stations, which is the foundation of a cost-benefit-based RWIS location optimization model.

关键词： RWIS Road surface temperature Accidentrate Traffic volume Location selection criteria

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