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study to determine guidelines for pediatric colonoscopy

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第31期23卷 5773-5779页

作者： Shinichiro Yoshioka Hidetoshi Takedatsu Shuhei Fukunaga Kotaro Kuwaki Hiroshi Yamasaki RyosukeYamauchi Atsushi Mori Hiroshi Kawano tadahiro yanagi Tatsuki Mizuochi Kosuke Ushijima Keiichi Mitsuyama Osamu Tsuruta Takuji Torimura Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Medicine Fukuoka University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Kurume University School of Medicine

To investigated characteristics, diagnosis, bowel-cleansing preparation, sedation, and colonoscope length and diameter in Japanese pediatric patients receiving total colonoscopy. METHODSThe present study evaluated consecutive patients aged ≤ 15 years who had undergone their first colonoscopy in Kurume University between January 2007 and February 2015. Data were retrospectively analyzed. We identified 110 pediatric patients who had undergone colonoscopy that had reached the cecum, allowing the observation of the total colon. RESULTSHematochezia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were the most common symptoms. For bowel-cleansing preparation, pediatric patients aged ≤ 12 years were treated with magnesium citrate, and patients aged 13-15 years were treated with polyethylene glycol 4000. For sedation, thiamylal with pentazocine, which has an analgesic effect, was used in patients aged ≤ 6 years, and midazolam with pentazocine was used in patients aged ≥ 7 years. Regarding the choice of endoscope, short and thin endoscopes were selected for younger patients, particularly patients aged ≤ 3 years. Positive diagnoses were made in 78 patients (70.9%). Inflammatory bowel disease (n = 49, 44.5%), including ulcerative colitis (n = 37, 33.6%) and Crohn’s disease (n = 12, 10.9%), was the most common diagnosis. CONCLUSIONColonoscopy offers a high diagnostic capability for pediatric patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. The selection of appropriate management the performance of colonoscopy is important in pediatric patients.

关键词： Pediatric endoscopy Sedation Bowel cleansing preparation Inflammatory bowel disease Complication

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Effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for acute esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with band ligation: A large observational study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 238-251页

作者： Chikamasa Ichita Sayuri Shimizu tadahiro Goto Uojima Haruki Naoya Itoh Masao Iwagami Akiko Sasaki Gastroenterology Medicine Center Shonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakura 247-8533KanagawaJapan Department of Health Data Science Yokohama City UniversityYokohama 236-0027KanagawaJapan TXP Research TXP Medical Co.Ltd.Chiyoda-ku 101-0042TokyoJapan Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics School of Public HealthThe University of TokyoBunkyo-ku 113-0033TokyoJapan Department of Genome Medical Sciences Project Research InstituteNational Center for Global Health and MedicineIchikawa 272-8516ChibaJapan Division of Infectious Diseases Aichi Cancer CenterNagoya 464-8681AichiJapan Department of Health Services Research Institute of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8575IbarakiJapan

BACKGROUND Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication associated with liver cirrhosis and typically necessitates endoscopic *** current standard treatment is endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL),and Western guidelines recom-mend antibiotic prophylaxis following ***,given the impro-vements in prognosis for variceal bleeding due to advancements in the management of bleeding and treatments of liver cirrhosis and the global concerns regarding the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria,there is a need to reassess the use of routine antibiotic prophylaxis after *** To evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients treated for *** We conducted a 13-year observational study using the Tokushukai medical database across 46 *** were divided into the prophylaxis group(received antibiotics on admission or the next day)and the non-prophylaxis group(did not receive antibiotics within one day of admission).The primary outcome was composed of 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,and 4-wk spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP).The secondary outcomes were each individual result and in-hospital mortality.A logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used.A subgroup analysis was conducted based on the Child-Pugh classification to determine its influence on the primary outcome measures,while sensitivity analyses for antibiotic type and duration were also *** Among 980 patients,790 were included(prophylaxis:232,non-prophylaxis:558).Most patients were males under the age of 65 years with a median Child-Pugh score of *** composite primary outcomes occurred in 11.2%of patients in the prophylaxis group and 9.5%in the non-prophylaxis *** significant differences in outcomes were observed between the groups(adjusted odds ratio,1.11;95%confidence interval,0.61-1.99;P=0.74).Individual outcomes such as 6-wk mortality,4-wk rebleeding,4-wk onset of SBP,and in-hospital mo

关键词： Esophageal varices Endoscopic hemostasis Antibiotic prophylaxis Liver cirrhosis Inverse probability of treatment weighting

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Impact of glucocorticoid on neurogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1028-1035页

作者： Haruki Odaka Naoki Adachi tadahiro Numakawa Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience School of Advanced Science and EngineeringWaseda University Department of Cell Modulation Institute of Molecular Embryology and GeneticsKumamoto University Department of Biomedical Chemistry School of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University Department of Mental Disorder Research National Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP)

Neurogenesis is currently an area of great interest in *** is closely linked to brain diseases,including mental disorders and neurodevelopmental *** embryonic and adult neurogeneses are influenced by glucocorticoids secreted from the adrenal glands in response to a variety of ***,proliferation/differentiation of the neural stem/progenitor cells（NSPCs）is affected by glucocorticoids through intracellular signaling pathways such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI3K）/Akt,hedgehog,and *** review presents recent evidence of the impact of glucocorticoids on NSPC behaviors and the underlying molecular mechanisms;this provides important information for understanding the pathological role of glucocorticoids on neurogenesis-associated brain diseases.

关键词： neural progenitor cells glucocorticoids neurogenesis in tracellular signaling pathways

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Two macrophages, osteoclasts and microglia: from development to pleiotropy

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Bone Research 2021年第2期9卷 143-152页

作者： Ji-Won Lee In-Hee Lee tadahiro Iimura Sek Won Kong Department of Nephrology Transplant Research ProgramBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Pharmacology Graduate School of Dental MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-8586Japan Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115USA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Tissue-resident macrophages are highly specialized to their tissue-specific microenvironments,activated by various inflammatory signals and modulated by genetic and environmental *** and microglia are distinct tissue-resident cells of the macrophage lineage in bone and brain that are responsible for pathological changes in osteoporosis and Alzheimer’s disease(AD),*** is more frequently observed in individuals with AD compared to the prevalence in general *** of AD is often delayed until underlying pathophysiological changes progress and cause irreversible damages in structure and function of *** such earlier diagnosis and intervention of individuals at higher risk would be indispensable to modify clinical *** is the phenomenon that a genetic variant affects multiple traits and the genetic correlation between two traits could suggest a shared molecular *** this review,we discuss that the Pyk2-mediated actin polymerization pathway in osteoclasts and microglia in bone and brain,respectively,is the horizontal pleiotropic mediator of shared risk factors for osteoporosis and AD.

关键词： diagnosis osteoporosis osteoclast

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Mechanism and active sites of CO oxidation over single-crystal Au surfaces and a Au/TiO_2(110) model surface

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2016年第10期37卷 1676-1683页

作者： tadahiro Fujitani Isao Nakamura 日本国立产业技术综合研究所

We describe the reaction mechanism and active sites for CO oxidation over a Au/TiO2（110） model surface and Au single‐crystal surfaces, along with the role of H2O, on a molecular scale. At low tem‐perature （＆lt;320 K）, H2O played an essential role in promoting CO oxidation, and the active site for CO oxidation was the perimeter of the interface between the gold nanoparticles and the TiO2 sup‐port （Auδ＋–Oδ––Ti）. We believe that the O–O bond was activated by the formation of OOH, which was produced directly from O2 and H2O at the perimeter of the interface between the gold nanoparticles and the TiO2 support, and consequently OOH reacted with CO to form CO2. This reaction mechanism explains the dependence of the CO2 formation rate on O2 pressure at 300 K. In contrast, at high temperature （＆gt;320 K）, low‐coordinated gold atoms built up on the surface as a result of surface reconstruction due to exposure to CO. The low‐coordinated gold atoms adsorbed O2, which then dissociated and oxidized CO on the metallic gold surface.

关键词： Gold Model catalyst CO oxidation Reaction mechanism Active sites

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Efficient rendering of breaking waves using MPS method

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第6期7卷 1018-1025页

作者： WANG Qiang ZHENG Yao CHEN Chun FUJIMOTO tadahiro CHIBA Norishige School of Computer Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering lwate University Morioka 020-08550 Japan

This paper proposes an approach for rendering breaking waves out of large-scale of particle-based simulation. Moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) is used to solve the governing equation, and 2D simulation is expanded to 3D representation by giving motion variation using fractional Brownian motion (fBm). The waterbody surface is reconstructed from the outlines of 2D simulation. The splashing effect is computed according to the properties of the particles. Realistic features of the wave are ren-dered on GPU, including the reflective and refractive effect and the effect of splash. Experiments showed that the proposed method can simulate large scale breaking waves efficiently.

关键词： Moving particle semi-implicit (MPS) Particle-system Surface reconstruction

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Bis(phthalocyaninato)yttrium Grown on Au(111): Electronic Structure of a Single Molecule and the Stability of Two- dimensional Films Investigated by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy at 4.8 K

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Nano Research 2010年第8期3卷 604-611页

作者： Yanfeng Zhang Pengfei Guan Hironari Isshiki Mingwei Chen Masahiro Yamashita tadahiro Komeda Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-0877Japan Center for Nanochemistry Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesDepartment of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyCollege of EngineeringBeijing UniversityBeijing 100871China WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency(JST)Saitama 332-0012Japan

Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy(STM/STS)at 4.8 K has been used to examine the growth of a double-decker bis(phthalocyaninato)yttrium(YP_(c2))molecule on a reconstructed Au(111)*** differential conductance spectra(dI/dV)of a single YPc2 molecule allow the characteristics of the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)to be ***,lateral distributions of the local density of states(LDOS)have also been obtained by dI/dV mapping and confirmed by first principles *** electronic feature mappings and theoretical calculations provide a basis for understanding the unique STM morphology of YPc2,which is usually imaged as an eight-lobed *** addition,we demonstrate that bias-dependent STM morphologies and simultaneous dI/dV maps can provide a way of understanding the stability of two-dimensional YP_(c2) films.

关键词： Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy(STM/STS) phthalocyanine electronic structure

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简易烈度计记录的噪声水平评价:以泸定M_(S)6.8级地震为例

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振动与冲击 2024年第18期43卷 313-320页

作者：郭文轩任叶飞姚鑫鑫岸田忠大江鹏王宏伟温瑞智中国地震局工程力学研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室哈尔滨150080 哈利法大学土木与环境工程系阿联酋阿布扎比127788 加州大学洛杉矶分校土木与环境工程学院美国洛杉矶90095 四川省地震局成都610041

在我国地震预警和烈度速报系统中,烈度计被广泛使用。烈度计的频谱特征主要是通过检定实验室进行标定,但在破坏性地震中,烈度计响应特点缺少必要的研究分析。该文以2022年四川泸定M_(S)6.8级地震为例,对比分析了烈度计记录和强震仪记录... 详细信息

在我国地震预警和烈度速报系统中,烈度计被广泛使用。烈度计的频谱特征主要是通过检定实验室进行标定,但在破坏性地震中,烈度计响应特点缺少必要的研究分析。该文以2022年四川泸定M_(S)6.8级地震为例,对比分析了烈度计记录和强震仪记录在噪声水平、信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR)、高通滤波截止频率(f_(HP))取值以及有效周期范围(T_(max))方面的特点,综合评价了烈度计记录的频谱特征,分析了噪声影响。得到以下结论:在整个频域范围内,烈度计记录的SNR要比强震仪记录平均意义上低一个数量级,可以估计烈度计动态范围较强震仪大致低20 dB;烈度计记录的最佳f_(HP)取值相较于强震仪记录存在更大的不确定性,尤其是在竖直方向上;烈度计记录的最佳f_(HP)取值更大,反应谱T_(max)较传统强震仪记录在水平方向小1~2 s,在竖直方向小3 s左右。该研究结果有助于合理应用烈度计记录,服务地震学和地震工程学相关研究。

关键词：烈度计记录信噪比(SNR) 高通滤波截止频率有效周期范围泸定6.8级地震

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Possible protective action of neurotrophic factors and natural compounds against common neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第16期9卷 1506-1508页

作者： tadahiro Numakawa Department of Mental Disorder Research National Institute of Neuroscience National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi Kodaira Tokyo Japan

It has been suggested that altered levels/function of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） play a role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer＇s disease. BDNF positively contributes to neural survival and synapse maintenance via stimulating its high affinity receptor TrkB, making upregulation of BDNF and/or activation of BDNF-related intracellnlar signaling an attractive approach to treating neurodegenerative diseases. In this short review, I briefly introduce small natural compounds such as flavonoids that successfully increase activation of the BDNF system and discuss their beneficial effects against neurodegeneration.

关键词： neurodegeneratire diseases BDNF TrkB natural compounds neuroprotection

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Cluster structures in stable and unstable nuclei

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2015年第2期26卷 71-74页

作者： Yoshiko Kanada-En’yo Masaaki Kimura Fumiharu Kobayashi tadahiro Suhara Yasutaka Taniguchi Yuta Yoshida Department of Physics Kyoto University Department of Physics Hokkaido University Department of Physics Niigata University Matsue College of Technology Nihon Institute of Medical Science Moroyama-machiIruma-gunSaitama 350-0435Japan

Cluster structures in light unstable nuclei are discussed. The structures of neutron-rich Be isotopes are theoretically investigated and the molecular orbital bond structure and its role in the vanishing of the neutron magic number N = 8 are discussed. The two-body cluster resonances in highly excited states of neutron-rich Li, Be and B isotopes are predicted theoretically.

关键词：团簇结构不稳定原子核铍同位素丰中子分子轨道高激发态理论预测

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