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Genotoxicity of Pesticide Waste Contaminated Soil and Its Leachate

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 257-265页

作者： S.D.SIVANESAN K.KRISHNAMURtHI S.D.WACHASUNDER t.chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division Environmental Biotechnology DivisionInstrumentation Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg Nagpur-440 020 IndiaEnvironmental Biotechnology Division

Objective Improper land disposal of hazardous waste can result in leaching of hazardous constituents which may contaminate ground and surface water leading to adverse impact on human health and environment consequences. the present study utilized mammalian cell culture for the genotoxicity assessment of waste and its leachate. Methods Genotoxic potential and chemical analysis of pesticide derived tarry waste contaminated soil extract and its leachate was assessed using in vitro human lymphocyte cultures and GC-MS. Results the investigation revealed that the soil extract could cause significant to highly significant genotoxicity in the form of DNA strand break at 25 mL (Ption at 25 mL (Pthe leachate could cause significant DNA strand break and chromosomal aberration only at 100 mL and 200 mL (Pthe genotoxicity observed is attributed to carbaril and tetra methyl naphthyl carbamate, the major ingredients of the extracts, as revealed by GC-MS.

关键词： Genotoxicity Soil extract Leachate DNA strand break Chromosomal aberration Gas chromatography mass spectrometery (GC-MS) Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding assay (FADU)

Modulatory Effect of Distillate of Ocimum sanctum Leaf Extract (tulsi) on Human Lymphocytes Against Genotoxicants

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第3期20卷 226-234页

作者： DIPANWItA DUttA S.SARAVANA DEVI K.KRISHNAMURtHI KOEL KUMAR PRIYANKA VYAS P.L.MUtHAL P.NAOGHARE t.chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur–440020India

Objective to study the modulatory effect of distillate of Ocimum sanctum （traditionally known as tulsi） leaf extract （DtLE） on genotoxicants. Methods In the present investigation, we studied the antigenotoxic and anticlastogenic effect of distillate of tulsi leaf extract on （i） human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by evaluating the DNA strand break without metabolic activation against mitomycin C （MMC） and hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） and （ii） human peripheral lymphocytes （in vitro） with or without metabolic activation against mitomycin C （MMC）, hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） and B[a]P by evaluating chromosomal aberration （CA） and micronucleus assay （MN）. three different doses of DtLE, 50 μL/mL, 100 μL/mL, and 200 μL/mL were selected on the basis of cytotoxicity assay and used for studying DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus emergence. the following positive controls were used for inducing genotoxicity and clastogenicity MMC （0.29 μmol/L） for DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and 0.51 μmol/L for micronucleus assay; Potassium dichromate （Cr^＋6） 600 μmol/L for DNA strand break and 5 μmol/L for chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay; Benzo[a]pyrene （30 μmol/L） for chromosomal aberration and 40 μmol/L for micronucleus assay. the active ingredients present in the distillate of tulsi leaf extract were identified by HPLC and LC-MS. Results Mitomycin C （MMC） and hexavalent chromium （Cr^＋6） induced statistically significant DNA strand break of respectively 69% and 71% （P〈0.001） as revealed by fluorometric analysis of DNA unwinding. Furthermore, the damage could be protected with DtLE （50 μL/mL, 100 μL/mL, and 200 μL/mL） on simultaneous treatment. Chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation induced by MMC, Cr^＋6 and B[a]P were significantly protected （P〈0.001） by DtLE with and without metabolic activation. Conclusion Distillate of tulsi leaf extract possesses antioxidants contributed mainly by eugenol, luteolin and apigenin as identified by

关键词： Distillate of tulsi leaf extract(DtLE) Cytotoxicity DNA strand break Chromosomal aberration(CA) Micronucleus(MN) Hexavalent chromium(Cr^+6) Mitomycin C(MMC) Benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P)

Protective Effect of Distillate and Redistillate of Cow’s Urine in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Challenged With Established Genotoxic Chemicals

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 247-256页

作者： K.KRISHNAMURtHI DIPANWItA DUttA S.D.SIVANESAN t. chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg Nagpur-440 020 INDIA

Objective From the ancient period cow’urine has been used as a medicine. In Veda, cow’urine was compared to the nectar. In Susrut, several medicinal properties of cow’ urine have been mentioned and are known to cause weight loss, reversal of certain cardiac and kidney problems, indigestion, stomach ache, edema, etc. However, the literature and scripture did not mention the antigenotoxic properties of cow’urine. Methods In the present investigation, the antigenotoxic/ antioxidant properties of cow’ urine distillate and redistillate were studied in vitro. the antioxidant status and volatile fatty acid levels were determined. Actinomycin-D (0.1ol/L) and hydrogen peroxide (150 mol/L) were used for inducing DNA strand break with 0.1% DMSO as negative control. Dose for the antigenotoxic effect of cow’ urine was chosen from the dose response study carried out earlier. Results Both actinomycin-D and H2O2 caused statistically significant DNA unwinding of 80% & 75% respectively (Ptric analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU), and the damage could be protected with the redistilled cow urine distillate (1, 50 & 100 ) in simultaneous treatment with genotoxic chemicals. Conclusion the redistillate of cowurine was found to possess total antioxidant status of around 2.6 mmol, contributed mainly by volatile fatty acids (1500 mg/L) as revealed by the GC-MS studies. these fatty acids and other antioxidants might cause the observed protective effects.

关键词： Ammonia Antioxidants Cow urine distillate Cow urine redistillate Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PMNL) DNA damage Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding(FADU) Gas chromatography mass spectrometer(GC-MS) Genotoxicity Volatile fatt

Comment on:development and external validation of a model to predict overall survival in patients with resected gallbladder cancer

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第1期11卷 136-138页

作者： Sakti chakrabarti Amit Mahipal Medical College of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWIUSA Division of Medical Oncology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

We read the study reported by Lohman et *** interest published recently in the Annals of Surgery(1).the authors have developed a statistical model to predict the overall survival(OS)of patients with resected gall bladder cancer(GBC).Dutch national database was used to create and internally validate the model based on individual-level data(n=380).Subsequently,data from a cohort of Australian patients with resected GBC were used for external validation(n=66).the model was constructed based on the patient and tumor characteristics found to be independent predictors of OS that included age,tumor and node(t/N)classification,resection margin,tumor differentiation grade,and vascular *** concordance index(C-index)in the internal and the external validation cohorts were 0.71[95%confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.72]and 0.75(95%CI:0.69-0.80),respectively,suggesting good discriminatory *** authors also demonstrated that their model outperformed the discriminative capability of the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)staging system(8th edition)with a C-index of 0.59(95%CI:0.57-0.60).Furthermore,the authors constructed a web application that can predict the OS of a given patient based on a small number of clinicopathologic variables(age,t stage,N stage,resection margin,differentiation grade,and perivascular invasion).

关键词： invasion patients Surgery

DNA Damage Caused By Pesticide-contaminated Soil

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期19卷 427-431页

作者： K. KRISHNAMURtHI S. SARAVANA DEVI t. chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur-440020India

Objective to determine the DNA damaging potential and the genotoxicity of individual compounds in pesticide contaminated soil. Methods In the present study, DNA damaging potential of pesticide-contaminated soil and the genotoxicity of individual compounds present in the soil were assessed using fluofimetdc analysis of DNA unwinding assay. Results the contaminated soil sample showed 79% （P〈0.001） of DNA strand break, whereas technical grade of major catbaryl and α-naphthol constituents of the contaminated soil showed 64% （P〈0.01） and 60% （P〈0.02） damage respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate that the toxicity caused by contaminated soil is mainly due to carbatyl and α -napthol, which are the major constituents of the soil sample analyzed by CrC-MS.

关键词： Carbaryl Contaminated soil DNA damage FADU- Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding assay Genotoxicity α-Napthol and pesticide

Sensitivity analysis of an HgCdte based photovoltaic receiver for long-wavelength free space optical communication systems

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Optoelectronics Letters 2009年第1期5卷 21-25页

作者： A.D.D.Dwivedi P.chakrabarti Centre for Research in Microelectronics Department of Electronics EngineeringInstitute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu University

We examine theoretically the performance of an Hg0.77Cd0.23te based p-n photodetector/HFEt optical receiver due to its possible application at 10.6 μm free space optical communication system at high bit rate.A rigorous noise model of the receiver has been developed for this *** calculate the total noise and sensitivity of the *** front-end of the receiver exhibits a sensitivity of -45 dBm at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s and -30 dBm at a bit rate of 10 Gb/s,and the total mean-square noise curren t〈i2n〉=5×10-15 A2 at a bit rate of 1 Gb/s an d〈i2n〉 =10-12 A2 at a bit rate of 10 Gb/s,and a 3-dB bandwidth of 10 GHz.

关键词： Hg HFEt Sensitivity analysis of an HgCdte based photovoltaic receiver for long-wavelength free space optical communication systems free

Anticlastogenic Effect of Redistilled Cow's Urine Distillate in Human Peripheral Lymphocytes Challenged With Manganese Dioxide and Hexavalent Chromium

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期19卷 487-494页

作者： DIPANWItA DUttA S. SARAVANA DEVI K. KRISHNAMURtHI t. chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur-440020INDIA

Objective to study the anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow＇s urine distillate （RCUD） in human peripheral lymphocytes （HLC） challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Methods the anticlastogenic activity of redistilled cow＇s urine distillate was studied in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes （HPNLs） and human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium as established genotoxicants and clastogens which could cause induction of DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus. three different levels of RCUD： 1 μL/mL, 50 μL/mL and 100 μL/mL, were used in the study. Results Manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium caused statistically significant DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation, which could be protected by redisfilled cow＇s urine distillate. Conclusion the redistilled cow＇s urine distillate posseses strong anfigenotoxic and antielastogenic properties against HPNLs and HLC treated with Cr^＋6 and MnO2. this property is mainly due to the antioxidants present in RCUD.

关键词： Redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) DNA strand break Clastogenicity Chromosomal aberration Micronuclei Hexavalent chromium and manganese dioxide

Petrology and Sr-Nd isotope systematics of the Ahobil kimberlite(Pipe-16)from the Wajrakarur field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 1167-1186页

作者： Abhinay Sharma Alok Kumar Praveer Pankaj Dinesh Pandit Ramananda chakrabarti N.V.Chalapathi Rao EPMA and SEM Laboratories Department of Geology Banaras Hindu University Centre for Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Science

Detailed mineralogical, bulk-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data for the recently discovered Ahobil kimberlite(Pipe-16) from the Wajrakarur kimberlite field(WKF), Eastern Dharwar craton(EDC),southern India, are presented. two generations of compositionally distinct olivine, ti-poor phlogopite showing orangeitic evolutionary trends, spinel displaying magmatic trend-1, abundant perovskite, tirich hydrogarnet, calcite and serpentine are the various mineral constituents. On the basis of(i) liquidus mineral composition,(ii) bulk-rock chemistry, and(iii) Sr-Nd isotopic composition, we show that Ahobil kimberlite shares several characteristic features of archetypal kimberlites than orangeites and lamproites. Geochemical modelling indicate Ahobil kimberlite magma derivation from small-degree melting of a carbonated peridotite source having higher Gd/Yb and lower La/Sm in contrast to those of orangeites from the Eastern Dharwar and Bastar cratons of Indian shield. the t_(Dm) Nd model age(～2.0 Ga) of the Ahobil kimberlite is(i) significantly older than those(1.5～1.3 Ga) reported for Wajrakarur and Narayanpet kimberlites of EDC,(ii) indistinguishable from those of the Mesoproterozoic EDC lamproites,and(iii) strikingly coincides with the timing of the amalgamation of the Columbia supercontinent. High bulk-rock Fe-ti contents and wide variation in oxygen fugacity fO_2, as inferred from perovskite oxybarometry, suggest non-prospective nature of the Ahobil kimberlite for diamond.

关键词： Petrology Isotopes Kimberlite Wajrakarur Dharwar craton India

temperature-Induced Stress on Growth and Expression of Hsp in Freshwater alga Scenedesmus quadricauda

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期19卷 414-421页

作者： S. ZARGAR K. KRISHNAMURtHI S. SARAVANA DEVI t. K. GHOSH t. chakrabarti Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur-440 020 (MS)India

Objective to investigate the impact of various levels of sublethal temperature （26℃, 31 ℃, 33℃, 36℃, and 39℃） on growth and heat shock protein （hsp） expression in freshwater green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda. Methods Impact of selected levels of temperature on growth rate （based on optical density）, population count, chlorophyll-a and biomass of the alga was evaluated in artificial growth medium for 19 days. to determine the induction of hsp in the alga, it was exposed to selected temperature levels for 3 h and further kept for 6 h at culturing condition at 26℃. Induction of hsp was confirmed by immuno-detection followed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results the selected growth parameters such as growth rate, population count, chlorophyll-a and biomass were reduced significantly （P〈0.001） at 39℃. However, hsp 70 expression was observed only at 39℃. Conclusion temperature up to 36℃ may be considered as the limit of safe exposure for thermal, stress for the alga Scenedesmus quadricauda.

关键词： temperature Scenedesmus quadricauda Heat shock protein (Hsp)