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A review of direct numerical simulations of astrophysical detonations and their implications

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第2期8卷 189-198页

作者： suzanne T. Parete-Koon Christopher R. Smith Thomas L. Papatheodore O. E. Bronson Messer National Center for Computational Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge USA TN 37831-6354 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleUSA TN 37996-1200

Multi-dimensional direct numerical simulations （DNS） of astrophysical detonations in degenerate matter have revealed that the nuclear burning is typically characterized by cellular structure caused by transverse instabilities in the detonation front. Type Ia supernova modelers often use one- dimensional DNS of detonations as inputs or constraints for their whole star simulations. While these one-dimensional studies are useful tools, the true nature of the detonation is multi-dimensional. The multi-dimensional structure of the burning influences the speed, stability, and the composition of the detonation and its burning products, and therefore, could have an impact on the spectra of Type Ia supernovae. Considerable effort has been expended modeling Type Ia supernovae at densities above 1 ~ 107 ***-3 where the complexities of turbulent burning dominate the flame propagation. How- ever, most full star models turn the nuclear burning schemes off when the density falls below 1 ~ 107 ***-3 and distributed burning begins. The deflagration to detonation transition （DDT） is believed to occur at just these densities and consequently they are the densities important for studying the properties of the subsequent detonation. This work will review the status of DNS studies of detona- tions and their possible implications for Type Ia supernova models. It will cover the development of Detonation theory from the first simple Chapman-Jouguet （C J） detonation models to the current models based on the time-dependent, compressible, reactive flow Euler equations of fluid dynamics.

关键词： supernova detonations direct numerical simulations

Dementia in military and veteran populations:a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury,post-traumatic stress disorder,deployment,and sleep

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Military Medical Research 2022年第3期9卷 351-364页

作者： Zara Raza Syeda F.Hussain suzanne Ftouni Gershon Spitz Nick Caplin Russell G.Foster Renata S.M.Gomes Research and Innovation Blind Veterans UK12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK BRAVO VICTOR Research12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK Circadian Therapeutics OxfordOX11BYUK School of Psychological Sciences Monash University18 Innovation WalkClayton CampusWellington RoadMelbourneVIC3800Australia Sleep&Circadian Neuroscience Institute(SCNi) Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSir William Dunn School of PathologyOxford Molecular Pathology InstituteUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX13RFUK Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families Research Department of NursingMidwifery and HealthFaculty of Health and Life SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastleNE77XAUK

The military population face a unique set of risk factors that may increase the risk of being diagnosed with *** brain injury(TBI)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have a higher prevalence in this group in comparison to the civilian *** delving into the individual relationships between TBI and dementia,and PTSD and dementia,we are able to better explore dementia in the military and veteran *** there are some inconsistencies in results,the TBI-dementia association has become more widely ***-tosevere TBI has been found to increase the risk of being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.A correlation between PTSD and dementia has been established,however,whether or not it is a causal relationship remains *** such as blast,combat and chemical exposure may occur during a deployment,along with TBI and/or PTSD diagnosis,and can impact the risk of ***,there is a lack of literature exploring the direct effects of deployment on dementia *** problems have been observed to occur in those following TBI,PTSD and *** sleep has been associated with possible dementia *** limited studies have focused on the link between sleep and dementia in military and veteran populations,sleep is a valuable factor to study due to its association and interconnection with other military/veteran *** review aims to inform of various risk factors to the cognitive health of military members and veterans:TBI,PTSD,deployment,and sleep.

关键词： Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Traumatic brain injury Post-traumatic stress disorder Military Veteran Deployment Sleep

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外加电源式再碱化处理的耐久性探究

浙江大学学报（工学版） 2011年第9期45卷 1664-1671页

作者：童芸芸 BOUTEILLER Veronique MARIE-VICTOIRE Elisabeth JOIRET suzanne 法国道桥研究所法国巴黎75732 法国历史文物研究所法国巴黎77420 巴黎六大电化学实验室法国巴黎75252

为了探究利用外加电源方式对钢筋混凝土进行再碱化处理的耐久性效果,人工碳化钢混板经过8.5 d的再碱化处理后,在恒温恒湿实验室里存放540 d,然后在室外自然老化360 d.期间,采用多种分析化学方法(酚酞指示剂法;混凝土粉样测试法;原子吸... 详细信息

为了探究利用外加电源方式对钢筋混凝土进行再碱化处理的耐久性效果,人工碳化钢混板经过8.5 d的再碱化处理后,在恒温恒湿实验室里存放540 d,然后在室外自然老化360 d.期间,采用多种分析化学方法(酚酞指示剂法;混凝土粉样测试法;原子吸收光谱法)对混凝土的再碱化程度进行量化分析,同时应用多种电化学技术(自由电势、线性极化电阻技术、电化学阻抗技术)对钢筋腐蚀的活性变化进行评估.实验结果表明:采用外加电源方式对碳化钢筋混凝土进行再碱化处理后,混凝土保护层可在一定程度上被有效的再碱化,且具有很好的耐久性,但钢筋腐蚀的活性只在短期内(360 d左右)有效下降,900 d后,其活性又恢复到处理前的水平.

关键词：碳化钢筋混凝土钢筋腐蚀再碱化处理分析化学测试电化学测试

Cyanobacteria Diversity in Blooms from the Greater Sudbury Area

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第11期7卷 871-882页

作者： suzanne Evans Mazen Saleh Department of Biology Laurentian University Sudbury Canada

The Greater Sudbury Area is approximately 400 km north of the city of Toronto and falls within a large number of temperate lakes of various sizes. This area has been mined for nickel and other metals for several decades. These activities have affected the watersheds of Northern Ontario and have influenced the chemistry of a number of lakes. Blooms of cyanobacteria occur yearly in several lakes, mainly in the early and late summer months. Much of the chemistry of these lakes is known but the nature of the cyanobacterial blooms and the factors that may contribute to their sudden appearance are not. We sampled blooms from five Greater Sudbury Area lakes and identified the species present by morphological and molecular methods. The dominant genera present as characterized by morphological examination were Synechocystis, Leptolyngbya, Anabaena, Cyl-indrospermum, Nostoc, Borzia, Phormidium, Pseudoanabaena, Oscillatoria, and Planktothrix. Three of these isolates, Leptolyngbya, Anabaena, and Planktothrix were confirmed by partial rRNA sequence analysis.

关键词： Cyanobacteria Sudbury Mining Metal Blooms

Early osmotic adjustment responses in drought-resistant and drought-sensitive oilseed rape

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第8期56卷 797-809页

作者： Sarah Hatzig L.Irina Zaharia suzanne Abrams Marie Hohmann Laurie Legoahec Alain Bouchereau Nathalie Nesi Rod J.Snowdon Department of Plant Breeding IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems Land Use and Nutrition Justus Liebig University National Research Council of Canada Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Department of Chemistry University of Saskatchewan UMR 1349 INRA-AgroCampus Ouest-Université de Rennes 1 Joint Laboratory for Genetics Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP) Bat.301 BP 35327 35653 Le Rheu Cedex France

The impact of osmotic stress on growth, physiolo- gy, and metabolism of winter oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.） was investigated by detailed analysis of biomass traits, hormone metabolites and osmolytes in two genetically unrelated drought-tolerant genotypes and two unrelated drought-sensitive genotypes. Seedlings were grown in vitro under controlled conditions and osmotic stress was simulated by applying a gradual treatment with polyethylene glycol （PEG 6ooo）, followed by hypo-osmotic treatment of variants used for metabolite determination. The results provide a basis for the identification of reliable selection criteria for drought resistance in oilseed rape. The in vitro cultivation system established during this study enabled effective discrimination of early osmotic stress responses between drought-resistant and -susceptible oilseed rape genotypes that also show large differences in relative seed yield under drought conditions in the field. Clear physiological and metabolic differences wereobserved between the drought-resistant and drought-sensitive genotypes, suggesting that osmotic adjustment is a key component of drought response in oilseed rape. Unexpected- ly, however, the drought-resistant genotypes did not show typical hormonal adjustment and osmolyte accumulation, suggesting that they possess alternative physiological mech- anisms enabling avoidance of stress symptoms.

关键词： Abscisic acid Brassica napus drought hormones metabolites

Calcite twinning strain variations across the Proterozoic Grenville orogen and Keweenaw-Kapuskasing inverted foreland,USA and Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第6期8卷 1357-1384页

作者： John P.Craddock suzanne D.Craddock Alex Konstantinou Andrew R.C.Kylander-Clark David H.Malone Geology Department Macalester CollegeSt.PaulMN 55105USA School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA Cyprus Hydrocarbons Company NicosiaCyprus Department of Earth Science University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Geography-Geology Illinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

We report the calcite twinning strain results of a traverse across the Grenville orogen from Parry Sound,Ontario(NW)to ***,New York(SE),including the younger,adjacent Ordovician Taconic *** four carbonates(marbles,calcite veins,Ordovician limestone)were collected resulting in 68 strain analyses on mechanically twinned calcite(n=2337 grains)across the Central Gneiss Belt(CGB;3 samples),the Central Metasedimentary Belt(CMB;27 samples),the Central Granulite Terrane(CGT;Adirondack's;13 samples)and the Ottawan Orogenic Lid(OOL;11 samples).Twinning strains in the greenschist-grade OOL marbles preserve N-S shortening and U-Pb titanite ages(~1150 Ma;n=4)document these marbles formed during the Shawinigan(1190-1140 Ma)part of the Grenville *** northwest to southeast,the Ottawan(1095-1020 Ma)twinning strain is dominantly a layerparallel shortening fabric oriented N-S(Parry Sound),then becomes parallel to the Grenville thrust direction(NW-SE)across the CMB to the Adirondack Highlands where the sub-horizontal shortening strain becomes margin-parallel(SW-NE).Within the regional sample suite there are two areas studied in detail,the Bancroft shear zone(n=11)and a roadcut on the southeast side of the Adirondack Mountains(***,NY;n=8).Marbles from the Bancroft shear zone contain calcite grains with 2 sets of twin lamellae(e_1 and e_2).The better-developed e_1 sets(n=406)record a horizontal fabric oriented NW-SE whereas the younger e_2 lamellae(n=146)preserve a margin-parallel(SW-NE)horizontal *** the e_1 and e_2 strains record an overprint vertical shortening strain(NEV),perhaps related to extensional orogenic *** also report an Ottawan orogen-aged granoblastic mylonite(1093 Ma,U-Pb zircon;1102 Ma Ar-Ar biotite)in the Keweenaw thrust hanging wall 500 km inboard of the Grenville front and interpret the relations of Grenville-Keweenaw far-field dynamics.

关键词： Orogenic belts Strain Proterozoic

Communities and the Poetic Imaginary：A Folklore Essay on the Poetry of the Wild Project

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2016年第2期6卷 105-120页

作者： suzanne P. MacAulay University of Colorado at Colorado Springs Colorado Springs Colorado United States

Poetry of the Wild is an ongoing artistic and literary project that according to originator Ana Flores＇ conception, invites the public ＂out for a walk＂ to freshly experience their world through word, sound, and image. Inspired by birdhouse design, these unique configurations of ＂poetry boxes＂, combining art and poetry are located in various communal open spaces. Each new project solicits a public response from us all to become catalysts for exploring our environs and questioning how a sense of place informs our consciousness. A folkloristic perspective shapes this discussion about the many variations of this collaborative and public project of poetry boxes, installed on trails, in parks, along rivers, and in library stacks over the past ten years. The primary concerns of folklore interpretation such as tradition, identity, cultural creativity, performance, and narrative analysis, are just a few of the dynamics that can be teased out from investigating a project with such interesting cultural parameters. In this context, cultural sustainability and poetic sensibility deepen our understanding of sense of place, environmental aesthetics, shrine markers, and the scope of individual and communal creative action.

关键词： poetry art aesthetics folklore shrines sense of place

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Centuries Away

英语学习 1996年第9期 25-27页

作者：陈辉 suzanne Plaut

人生和死亡一直是人们经常谈论的话题。不同的人对人生和死亡会有不同的理解。本文讲述的是一群学生在讨论莎士比亚的悲剧Macbeth 时对人生和死亡的理解。而真正理解人生和死亡的学生却早已离去。文章短小精悍,言简意赅。

关键词： Centuries Away 莎士比亚

Personal Accounts of Mothers’ Use of Social Media to Support Abstinence from Alcohol

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第12期5卷 67-80页

作者： suzanne McGarva Tony Machin Northumbria University Newcastle UK

Alcohol consumption by professional educated women and mothers is rising. Drinking alcohol in the home is, for many, becoming a normalised and daily ritual. Previous research focuses on causality, risk factors and health related damage. Few studies focus on mothers of school age children specifically or why some mothers pursue and sustain alcohol free lives. The role of social media in enacting and sustaining abstinence is under researched, as are other factors important for this group in remaining abstinent. Aims: This qualitative study explored the reasons why mothers drank alcohol, and factors contributing to their decision to become alcohol free. It also explored the value and utility of social media in the form of a specific website aimed at providing support in abstinence. Methods: Six UK mothers with school age children who had become abstinent after previously drinking over official limits were recruited via social network website and interviewed. Transcripts were analysed thematically and inductive themes emerged. Results: Participants used alcohol to self-medicate, as a reward/relaxation strategy and because it was a normal part of their professional and daily lives. Reported reasons for abstinence included the negative effects alcohol had upon lives, inability to moderate/drink within guidelines and “trigger” events. Participants reported that their use of social media was inspirational, giving them a platform to share stories and help others and was preferred to traditional support. The use of social media in this way represented a supportive community and assisted vigilance toward the danger of relapse. Positive parenting identity, alternatives to alcohol, abstinence rewards and support from abstinent others were all factors in sustaining abstinence. Conclusions: Health professionals should recognise this hidden and hard to reach group and the potential efficacy of social media in assisting recovery from alcohol related issues.

关键词： Alcohol Drinking Professional Women/Mothers Support Social Media Abstinence