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Evaluation of hydro-chemistry in a phreatic aquifer in the Vindhyan Region, India, using entropy weighted approach and geochemical modelling

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第4期42卷 648-672页

作者： Ashutosh Mishra Aman rai Prabuddh Kumar Mishra suresh chand rai Department of Geography Delhi School of EconomicsUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110027India Department of Geography Shivaji CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110027India

Groundwater quality monitoring and geochemical characterization in the phreatic aquifer are critical for ensuring universal and equitable access to clean,reliable,and inexpensive drinking water for *** research was intended to investigate the hydrogeochemical attributes and mechanisms regulating the chemistry of groundwater as well as to assess spatial variation in groundwater quality in Satna district,*** accomplish this,the groundwater data comprising 13 physio-chemical parameters from thirty-eight phreatic aquifer locations were analysed for May 2020 by combining entropy-weighted water quality index(EWQI),multivariate statistics,geochemical modelling,and geographical information *** findings revealed that the groundwater is fresh and slightly *** was a significant concern as 57.89% of samples were beyond the permissible limit of the World Health *** dominance of ions were in the order of Ca^(2+)> Na^(+)> Mg^(2+)> K^(+) and HCO_(3)^(-)> SO_(4)^(2-)> Cl^-> NO_(3)^(-)> F^(-).Higher concentration of these ions is mainly concentrated in the northeast and eastern *** correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) demonstrated that both natural and human factors regulate groundwater chemistry in the *** analysis of Q-mode agglomerative hierarchical clustering highlighted three significant water ***-HCO_3 was the most prevalent hydro-chemical facies in all three *** modelling through various conventional plots indicated that groundwater chemistry in the research region is influenced by the dissolution of calcite/dolomite,reverse ion exchange,and by silicate and halite *** data of the study area disclosed that 73.69% of the samples were appropriate for *** to high salinity,Magnesium(Mg^(2+)),Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and Bicarbonate(HCO_(3)^(-)) concentrations,the north-central and north-eastern regions are particularly *** findings of the study m

关键词： Groundwater quality assessment EWQI Multivariate statistical analysis Geochemical modelling Hydrogeochemical processes Saturation index

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Land Cover Classification and Forest Change Analysis, Using Satellite Imagery-A Case Study in Dehdez Area of Zagros Mountain in Iran

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2011年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： Ali Asghar Torahi suresh chand rai 不详

The importance of accurate and timely information describing the nature and extent of land resources and changes over time is increasing, especially in mountainous areas. We have developed a methodology to map and monitor land cover change using multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and ASTER data in Zagros mountains of Iran for 1990, 1998, and ***-use/cover mapping is achieved through interpreta-tion of Landsat TM satellite images of 1990, 1998 and TERRA-ASTER image of 2006 using ENVI 4.3. Based on the Anderson land-use/cover classification system, the land-use and land-covers are classified as forest land, rangeland, water bodies, agricultural land and residential land. The unsupervised image classifi-cation method carried out prior to field visit, in order to determine strata for ground truth. Fieldwork carried out to collect data for training and validating land-use/cover interpretation from satellite image of 2006, and for qualitative description of the characteristics of each land-use/cover class. The land-use/cover maps of 1990, 1998 and 2006 were produced by using supervised image classification technique based on the Maxi-mum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) and 132 training samples. Error matrices as cross-tabulations of the mapped class vs. the reference class were used to assess classification accuracy. Overall accuracy, user’s and producer’s accuracies, and the Kappa statistic were then derived from the error matrices. A multi-date post-classification comparison change detection algorithm was used to determine changes in land cover in three intervals, 1990–1998, 1998–2006 and 1990–2006. To evaluate the change maps for the 1990 to 2006 interval, we randomly sampled the areas that classified as change and no-change and determined whether they were correctly classified. The maps showed that between 1990 and 2006 the amount of forest land de-creased from 67% to 38.5% of the total area, while rangelands, agriculture, settlement and surface water in-cre

关键词： Land Cover Classification Multitemporal Change Detection Landsat ASTER

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Soil organic carbon and phosphorus availability regulate abundance of culturable phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in paddy fields

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Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 405-413页

作者： Arvind KUMAR Lal chand rai Molecular Biology Section Laboratory of Algal BiologyCenter of Advanced Study in BotanyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Department of Biotechnology Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspur 495009India

Low availability of phosphorus(P) is a major constraint for optimal crop production, as P is mostly present in its insoluble form in soil. Therefore,phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB) from paddy field soils of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, India were isolated, and their abundance was attempted to be correlated with the physicochemical characteristics of the soils. Ninety-four PSB were isolated on Pikovskaya’s agar medium, and quantitative phosphate solubilization was evaluated using NBRIP medium. The isolates solubilized P up to a concentration of 1 006 μg mL-1 from tricalcium phosphate with the secretion of organic acids. These isolates were identified by 16 S rRNA gene sequence comparison, and they belonged to Gammaproteobacteria(56 isolates),Firmicutes(28 isolates), Actinobacteria(8 isolates), and Alphaproteobacteria(2 isolates). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the identification by clustering the isolates in the clade of the respective reference organisms. The correlation analysis between PSB abundance and physicochemical characteristics revealed that the PSB population increased with increasing levels of soil organic carbon, insoluble P, K+, and Mg2+. The promising PSB explored in this study can be further evaluated for their biofertilizer potential in the field and for their use as potent bio-inoculants.

关键词： bacterial abundance insoluble P organic acids phosphate solubilization phylogenetic analysis 16S rRNA gene

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Half-a-century(1971–2020)of glacier shrinkage and climatic variability in the Bhaga basin,western Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第3期20卷 299-324页

作者： DAS suresh SHARMA Milap chand MURARI Madhav Krishna NÜSSER Marcus SCHMIDT Susanne Centre for the Study of Regional Development Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India National Geochronology Facility Inter-University Accelerator CentreNew Delhi 110067India Department of Geography South Asia Institute(SAI)Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69115Germany Heidelberg Centre for the Environment(HCE) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany

Glacier shrinkage is a globally occurring ***-resolution change detection based on frequent mapping and monitoring of high-altitude glaciers is necessary to precisely evaluate future water availability and to understand glacier evolution under different climatic scenarios in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayan(HKH)*** also holds true for the Bhaga basin of the western *** study investigates glacier and glacier lake changes in the Bhaga basin,over the last five decades based on satellite imagery including Corona KH4(1971),Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus(ETM+;2000),Linear Imaging Self-Scanning Sensor(LISS Ⅳ;2013),and Sentinel 2(2020).Regional temperature and precipitation trends were evaluated from gridded climatic datasets(1900–2020).In the Bhaga basin 306 glaciers(>0.2 km^(2))were mapped with a total area of 360.3±4.0 km^(2),of which 55.7±0.6 km^(2)was covered with debris in *** total glacier covered area decreased by∼8.2±1.5%(0.16±0.03%yr-1)during the entire observation period 1971–2020,with noticeable heterogeneity between tributary *** the past two decades(2000–2020),the deglaciation rate has increased significantly(0.25%yr-1)compared to the previous decades(1971–2000;0.12%yr-1).Glacier lake area increased by 0.6±0.1 km^(2)(0.012 km^(2)yr-1)between 1971 and *** NCEP/NCAR climatic data reveals an increase of 0.63℃in temperature and a decrease of 6.39 mm in precipitation for the period 1948–*** comparison,APHRODITE data shows an increasing trend in temperature of 1.14℃between 1961 and 2015 and decreasing trend in precipitation of 31 mm between 1951 and *** NCEP/NCAR and APHRODITE data reveal significant temperature increase and precipitation decrease since the 1990s,which have probably augmented ice loss in the Bhaga basin during the early 21st century.

关键词： Glacier change Remote sensing APHRODITE NCEP/NCAR reanalysis Climate change Western Himalaya

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Comparative Analysis of EST Mining Reveals High Degree of Conservation among Eight Leguminosae Species

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第6期3卷 447-458页

作者： Jyotika Bhati Hariharan chandrasekaran suresh chand School of BioSciences and Biotechnology Banasthali Vidyapeeth Rajasthan 304022 India Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi 110012 India School of Life Sciences Devi Ahilya University Khandwa Road Indore 452001 India

Fabaceae is the third largest family of flowering plants and is unique among crops in their ability of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Fabaceae is one of the few plant families with extensive genomic data available in multiple species. The unprecedented complexity and impending completeness of these data create opportunities for discovering new approaches. The Legume and Medicago share much-conserved colinearity between their genomes which can be exploited for the genomic research in Leguminosae crops. In this study, 1,952,191 ESTs of 8 Leguminosae species were clustered into unigenes contigs and compared with Medicago truncatula gene indices. Almost all the unigenes of Leguminosae species showed high similarity with Medicago genes, except for those of Lens culinaris, where 95% of unigenes were found similar. A total of 10,874 SSRs were identified in the unigenes. Functional annotation of unigenes showed that the majority of the genes are present in metabolism and energy functional classes. It is expected that comparative genomic analysis between Medicago and related crop species will expedite research in other Legume species. This would be helpful for genomics as well as evolutionary studies, and the DNA markers developed can be used for mapping, tagging and cloning of specific important genes in Leguminosae.

关键词： Leguminosae ESTs GC content SSR functional annotation

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Tin Sulfide Nanoparticle Synthesis from Waste Waters

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第2期5卷 50-54页

作者： Jitender Gaur Shilpa Jain suresh chand Narender Kumar Kaushik Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India J & S Research and Innovations New Delhi India Department of Chemistry University of Delhi New Delhi India J & S Research and Innovations New Delhi India 3Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India

Tin and its derivatives are extensively used in modern technology tools which lead requirement for development of green methods for its waste management and profitable recycling. Presence of tin in water bodies causes enormous environmental concern due to its acute toxicity to living beings. We demonstrate a simple and zero emission process for extraction of tin ions from aqueous solution using dithiocarbamate-based copolymer and its single step quantitative recovery and transformation into SnS nanoparticles. The polymer shows high metal extraction capacity, 1.06 g SnCl2 per gram of polymer. The polymer metal composite and SnS nanoparticles are analyzed using TEM, FTIR, XRD spectroscopy techniques. The FTIR shows formation of Sn-S bonding in the polymer metal composite. This study has implication for cost effective and green approach for purification of water and waste management.

关键词： Tin Sulfide Nanoparticles Metal Extraction Green Chemistry Hydrothermal Synthesis Water Purification

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Assessing the impacts of current and future changes of the planforms of river Brahmaputra on its land use-land cover

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 100-122页

作者： Jatan Debnath Dhrubajyoti Sahariah Durlov Lahon Nityaranjan Nath Kesar chand Gowhar Meraj Pankaj Kumar Suraj Kumar Singh Shruti Kanga Majid Farooq Department of Geography Gauhati UniversityJalukbariAssamIndia GB Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment(NIHE) Himachal Regional Centre(Himachal Pradesh)KulluIndia Department of Ecology Environment and Remote SensingGovernment of Jammu and KashmirKashmir 190018India Institute for Global Environmental Strategies Hayama 240-0115Japan Centre for Sustainable Development Suresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipur 302017India Centre for Climate Change and Water Research(C3WR) Suresh Gyan Vihar UniversityJaipur 302017India Department of Geography School of Environment and Earth SciencesCentral University of PunjabVPO-GhuddaBathinda 151401India

River bankline migration is a frequent phenomenon in the river of the floodplain ***,channel dynamics-related changes in land use and land cover(LULC)are becoming a risk to the life and property of people living in the vicinity of rivers.A comprehensive evaluation of the causes and consequences of such changes is essential for better policy and decision-making for disaster risk reduction and *** present study assesses the changes in the Brahmaputra River planform using the GIS-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System(DSAS)and relates it with the changing LULC of the floodplain evaluated using the CA-Markov *** this study,the future channel of the Brahmaputra River and its flood plain’s future LULC were forecasted to pinpoint the erosion-vulnerable ***-eight years(1973–2021)of remotely sensed data were applied to estimate the rate of bankline *** was observed that the river’s erosion-accretion rate was higher in early times than in more recent *** left and right banks’average shifting rates between 1973 and 1988 were -55.44 m/y and -56.79 m/y,respectively,while they were-17.25 m/y and -48.49 m/y from 2011 to *** left bank of the river Brahmaputra had more erosion than the right,which indicates that the river is shifting in the leftward direction(Southward).In this river course,zone A(Lower course)and zone B(Middle course)were more adversely affected than zone C(Upper course).According to the predicted result,the left bank is more susceptible to bank erosion than the right bank(where the average rate of erosion and deposition was -72.23 m/y and 79.50 m/y,respectively).The left bank’s average rate of erosion was -111.22 m/*** research assesses the LULC study in conjunction with river channel dynamics in vulnerable areas where nearby infrastructure and settlements were at risk due to channel *** degree of accu-racy was verified using the actual bankline and predicted bankline,as well as the actual LULC map

关键词： Channel shifting Erosion-Accretion Bankline Prediction DSAS CA-Markov Brahmaputra River

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Green Approach for <i>In-Situ</i>Growth of CdS Nanorods in Low Band Gap Polymer Network for Hybrid Solar Cell Applications

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2014年第3期3卷 106-113页

作者： Ramil K. Bhardwaj Vishal Bharti Abhishek Sharma Dibyajyoti Mohanty Vikash Agrawal Nakul Vats Gauri D. Sharma Neeraj Chaudhary Shilpa Jain Jitender Gaur Kamalika Banerjee suresh chand J & S Research and Innovations Delhi India Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India Physics of Energy Harvesting CSIR-National Physical Laboratory New Delhi India School of Science India Gandhi National Open University New Delhi India School of Science India Gandhi National Open University New Delhi India

In-situ growth of CdS nanorods (NRs) has been demonstrated via solvothermal, in a low band gap polymer, poly [[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy] benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b’] dithiophene-2,6-diyl] [3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl) carbonyl] thieno [3,4-b] thiophenediyl]] (PTB7). It is a high yielding, green approach as it removes use of volatile and hazardous chemicals such as pyridine as ligand which are conventionally used to synthesize precursors of CdS (NRs). Moreover the solvothermal process is a zero emission process being a close vessel synthesis and hence no material leaching into the atmosphere during the synthesis. The PTB7:CdS nanocomposite has been characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy techniques. The photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy study of PTB7 with CdS NRs has shown significant PL quenching by the incorporation of CdS NRs in PTB7;this shows that CdS NRs are efficient electron acceptors with the PTB7. The PTB7:CdS is used as active layer in the fabrication of hybrid solar cells (HSC) as donor-acceptor combination in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) geometry. The HSCs fabricated using this active layer without any additional supporting fullerene based electron acceptor has given power conversion efficiency of above 1%.

关键词： CdS Nanorods PTB7 In-Situ Growth Solvothermal Hybrid Solar Cell

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Six-month longitudinal antibody kinetics of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2021年第1期1卷 52-53页

作者： Lakshmanan suresh Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences University at Buffalo Buffalo New York USA

To the Editor,Since the sequence for the COVID-19 virus was made available in January 2020,vaccines have been developed and approved at an astonishing *** long-term vaccine efficacy of messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccines and antibody dynamics is yet to be clearly *** the antibody kinetics and dynamics,particularly in infection-naive individuals,is necessary to assess the need for booster doses.

关键词： vaccines doses vaccine

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