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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3379-3389页

作者： Yuntian Liao Rongtao Zhu Wenjun Zhang haiyang Zhu Yang sun Jiale Chen Zhenhua Dong Ronghuan Lv School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

high entropy alloys(hEA)are frequently employed as catalysts in electrocatalytic hydrogen ***,the traditional high entropy alloy synthesis methods are time-consuming,energy-intensive,and environmentally polluting,which limits their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(hER).This study leveraged the capabilities of flash Joule heating(FJh)to synthesize carbon-supported high-entropy alloy sulfide nanoparticles(CC-S-hEA)on carbon cloth(CC)with good self-standing properties within 300 *** carbon thermal shock generated by the Joule heating could pyrolyze the sulfur source into gas,resulting in numerous pore structures and defects on CC,forming an S-doped carbon substrate(CC-S).Then the S atoms were used to stably anchor the metal atoms on CC-S to form high-density uniformly dispersed hEA *** electrochemical test results demonstrated that CC-S-hEA prepared at 60 V flash voltage had hER performance comparable to Pt/*** density functional theory(DFT)calculation indicated that the S atoms on CC-S accelerated the electron transfer between the carbon substrate and hEA ***,the unique electronic structure of CC-S-hEA was beneficial to h*adsorption and promoted catalytic *** simplicity and versatility of FJh synthesis are of great significance for optimizing the synthesis of hEA and improving the quality of hEA products,which provides a broad application prospect for the synthesis of nanocatalysts with efficient hER performance.

关键词： high entropy alloy flash Joule heating carbon thermal shock hydrogen evolution reaction density functional theory

Lotus root-like RuIr alloys with close-packed(0001)branches:Strain-driven performance for acidic water oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 579-590页

作者： Mingyue Xiao Wanli Xu Rongchao Li Yanhui sun Jingjun Liu Feng Liu Jun Gan Shixin Gao Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Yunnan Precious Metals Lab Kunming 650100YunnanChina

Achieving composition tunability and structure editability of nanoalloys with high level strain may be an efficient strategy to remarkably boost catalytic performance toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in acidic water ***,lotus root-like RuIr alloys with native micro-strain were constructed by an epitaxial growth of Ru-richened hcp-(0001)branches on Ir-richened fcc-(111)seeds using a polyol thermal synthesis *** resultant Ru_(60)Ir_(40) alloy shows an OER overpotential of 197 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 46.59 mV dec^(-1),showing no obvious activity decay for 80 h continuous chronopotentiometry test in 0.5 M h_(2)SO_(4).The related characterizations including X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)spectroscopy and density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that that the remarkably improved activity of the lotus root-like alloy can be attributed to the(0001)facet-triggered strain,which can efficiently optimize the electronic band structure of the active metal and the weakening of the chemisorption of oxygen-containing substances to boost OER ***,this work provides a new strategy to designing a class of advanced electrocatalysts with high strain using diverse nanostructures as building materials for carbon-free clean energy conversion systems.

关键词： Rulr alloy Lotusroot-like structure Strain Oxygene volution reaction Activity

V-MOF-derived V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles-modified carbon fiber cloth-based dendrite-free anode for high-performance lithium metal batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 13-23页

作者： Tao Wei Mengting Wang Yanyan Zhou Xingtong Guo Sijia Wang Ye Liu Cheng sun Qian Wang School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

At present,commercial Li-ion batteries are hardly to satisfy the growing demand for high energy density,for this purpose,lithium metal batteries have attracted worldwide attention in recent ***,its practical applications are hindered by the formation of Li dendrites and volume effect during Li plating/stripping process,which leads to a lot of safety ***,we first employed MOF-derived V_(2)O_(5) nanoparticles to decorate the carbon fiber cloth(CFC)backbone to acquire a lithiophilic 3D porous conductive framework(CFC@V_(2)O_(5)).Subsequently,the CFC@V_(2)O_(5) skeleton was permeated with molten Li to prepare CFC@V_(2)O_(5)@Li composite *** CFC@V_(2)O_(5)@Li composite anode can be stably cycled for more than 1650 h at high current density(5 mA·cm^(-2))and areal capacity(5 mA·h·cm^(–2)).The prepared full cell can initially maintain a high capacity of about 143 mA·h·g^(-1) even at a high current density of 5 C,and can still maintain 114 mA·h·g^(-1) after 1000 cycles.

关键词： Three-dimensional(3D)conductive frameworks Lithium metal anode Lithiophilic material MOF-derived materials Prestoring lithium

Leflunomide: A versatile additive for defect reduction, enhanced optoelectronic properties and environmental stability of perovskite films

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2628-2637页

作者： Dingyue sun Ming Peng Taijin Wang Longju Yi Shizuo Zhang Feng Liu Gary J.Cheng The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

The development of perovskite photoelectric devices with excellent performance is largely dependent on the defects in the perovskite *** address this issue,a specific drug,leflunomide(LF,C_(12)h_(9)F_(3)N_(2)O_(2)),was incorporated into the perovskite to reduce defects and improve its photoelectric *** is believed that the C=O bond on LF molecule can interact with the uncoordinated Pb2+of the perovskite,thereby reducing non-radiative *** novel approach of incorporating LF into perovskite films has the potential to revolutionize the development of high-performance perovskite photoelectric *** trifluoromethyl functional(–CF_(3))group on LF can form a protective layer on the surface of the perovskite film,shielding it from water ***,LF can be utilized to alter the nucleation position of perovskite,thus minimizing the number of defects and optimizing the film ***,the LF-doped perovskite film displays low trap density and high photoelectric *** LF-doped perovskite film showed a trap density of 8.28×10^(11),which is notably lower than the 2.04×10^(12) of the perovskite film without *** responsivity and detectivity of the LF-doped perovskite photodetector were 0.771 A/W and 2.81×10^(11) Jones,respectively,which are much higher than the 0.23 A/W and 1.06×10^(10) Jones of the LF-undoped perovskite ***,the LF-doped photodetector maintained an initial photocurrent of 86%after 30 days of storage in air,indicating drastically increased environmental *** strongly suggests that LF is an effective additive for perovskites utilized in optoelectronic devices with high performance.

关键词： leflunomide additive engineering defect passivation perovskite

Effect of safety valve types on the gas venting behavior and thermal runaway hazard severity of large-format prismatic lithium iron phosphate batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 195-207,I0006页

作者： Zhuangzhuang Jia Yuanyuan Min Peng Qin Wenxin Mei Xiangdong Meng Kaiqiang Jin Jinhua sun Qingsong Wang State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026AnhuiChina Gotion high-Tech Co. Ltd.Hefei 230012AnhuiChina

The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).however,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the TR hazard severity of LIBs,are not *** this paper,the TR and gas venting behavior of three 100 A h lithium iron phosphate(LFP)batteries with different safety valves are investigated under *** to previous studies,the main contribution of this work is in studying and evaluating the effect of gas venting behavior and TR hazard severity of LFP batteries with three safety valve *** significant results are obtained:(Ⅰ)the safety valve type dominates over gas venting pressure of battery during safety venting,the maximum gas venting pressure of LFP batteries with a round safety valve is 3320 Pa,which is one order of magnitude higher than other batteries with oval or cavity safety valve;(Ⅱ)the LFP battery with oval safety valve has the lowest TR hazard as shown by the TR hazard assessment model based on gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy *** study reveals the effect of safety valve type on TR and gas venting,providing a clear direction for the safety valve design.

关键词： Lithium iron phosphate battery Safety valve Thermal runaway Gas venting behavior Thermal runaway hazard severity Gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process

highly selective photocatalytic oxidation of methane to methyl hydroperoxide

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2473-2480页

作者： Chunling Bo Li Zhang Xiaolong Liu huaiqiu Chang Yingxue sun Xinyi Zhang Ting Tan Lingyu Piao National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Partial oxidation of methane into primary oxidation products with high value remains a *** this work,photocatalytic oxidation of methane(Ch_(4))with high methyl hydroperoxide(Ch_(3)OOh)selectivity is achieved using pure titanium oxide(TiO_(2))without any cocatalyst at room temperature and atmospheric *** Ch_(3)OOh production rate can reach up to 2050±88μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) at ph≈7.0 with 100%selectivity in the liquid *** stable reaction cycle can reach more than 30 *** low-cost system achieves superior Ch_(4) conversion activity and selectivity compared with similar *** energy of hydrogen peroxide(h_(2)O_(2))to adsorbed hydroperoxyl radical(^(*)OOh)has a significantly lower reaction energy than conversion to adsorbed hydroxyl radical(*Oh)on the(210)surface of the TiO_(2).The^(*)OOh preferentially combines with methyl radical(·Ch_(3))to form the most energetically favorable Ch_(3)*** mild oxidative environment of this system prevents the reduction of Ch_(3)OOh to Ch_(3)Oh or over-oxidation of Ch_(4),which ensures the final Ch_(3)OOh with high selectivity and *** work provided a low-cost but highly efficient method to achieve partial oxidation with superior selectivity,i.e.,to convert Ch_(4) into high-value chemicals.

关键词： photocatalytic methane oxidation methyl hydroperoxide titanium oxide

Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming han Yue-hua sun Jacob hoglund Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of Parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROh(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and hazel Grouse(***).FROh estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROh)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROh ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROh Tetrastes

The Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent functions of BCL9 in development,tumorigenesis,and immunity:Implications in therapeutic opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 701-710页

作者： Minjie Wu heng Dong Chao Xu Mengqing sun haojin Gao Fangtian Bu Jianxiang Chen College of Pharmacy and Department of hepatology Institute of Hepatology and Metabolic DiseasesThe Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311121China Laboratory of Cancer Genomics Division of Cellular and Molecular ResearchNational Cancer CentreSingapore 169610Singapore Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese MedicinesCollaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311121China

B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9(BCL9)is considered a key developmental regulator and a well-established oncogenic driver in multiple cancer types,mainly through potentiating the Wnt/β-catenin ***,increasing evidences indicate that BCL9 also plays multiple Wnt-independent ***,we summarized the updates of the canonical and non-canonical functions of BCL9 in cellular,physiological,or pathological ***,we also concluded that the targeted inhibitors disrupt the interaction ofβ-catenin with BCL9 reported recently.

关键词： BCL9 Development Immunity Multifaceted functions Therapeutic target Tumorigenesis

Vision Transformers with hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-huan Wu Guolei sun Le Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli Luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of high Performance Computing(IhPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MhSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MhSA(h-MhSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed h-MhSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and h-MhSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,h-MhSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the h-MhSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of hAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,hAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/hAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

Identif ication of a hypersensitive response core peptide of hrpZ and its role in increasing grape downy mildew resistance

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horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第5期10卷 1112-1120页

作者： Zongbao Fan Xueqiang Guan Zhichang Zhang Yushuai sun Fei Wang huiru Chi Yuxin Yao State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit&Vegetable Quality and Efficient ProductionCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong 271018China Shandong Academy of Grape/Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Wine Grape and Wine JinanShandong 250100China Zhichang Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd.RizhaoShandong 276511China

harpins play a key role in inducing disease resistance in crops,and identifying their core functional regions and establishing a system for their efficient expression would be very *** this study,large amounts of soluble fusion proteins of harpin hrpZ and its subpeptides were obtained via the optimized induction conditions(28C with 0.5 mmol$L1 IPTG for 6 h)in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).hypersensitive response(hR)assays demonstrated that the C-terminal 66 aa of hrpZ(hrpZ_C_2_2)elicited a strong hR in tobacco(Nicotiana benthamiana)and grape(Flame Seedless)***,treatment with hrpZ,and particularly hrpZ_C_2_2,significantly reduced the disease incidence and severity index of field vine leaves and those inoculated with downy *** determination of the physiological parameters indicated that hrpZ,and especially hrpZ_C_2_2,improved the photosynthesis-and chlorophyll fluorescence-related parameters,enhanced the activity of defense-related enzymes,including SOD,POD,CAT and PAL,and increased the h_(2)O_(2)***,we efficiently expressed a core peptide of hrpZ and elucidated its strong ability to elicit a hR and resistance to downy *** research provides insight into understanding the structure and function of hrpZ and will advance the application of hrpZ_C_2_2 to increase the resistance of grapevine to downy mildew.

关键词： Grapevine harpin hrpZ Prokaryotic expression Downy mildew hypersensitive response