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The role of mechanical stratigraphy in the lateral variations of thrust development along the central Alberta Foothills, Canada

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1451-1464页

作者： Hyunjung Lee Yirang Jang Sanghoon Kwon Myong-Ho Park gautam Mitra Department of Earth System Sciences Yonsei University Geology & Geophysics Department POSCO DAEWOO Corp. Geological Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Rochester

Fold-thrust belts generally exhibit significant variations in structural styles such as differences in thrust geometries and frequencies in imbrication. A natural laboratory of this pattern is preserved in the central Alberta Foothills of the Canadian Rockies, where differences in thrust geometries are represented by the existence vs. non-existence of triangle zones. To seek the factors that make this difference in these regions in terms of structural geometry, stratigraphic thickness variations and mechanical stratigraphy of the sedimentary layers, structural interpretation is conducted based on admissible cross-sections and well log interpretations. In northern region, a backthrust is detached from an incompetent layer(*** Unit of the Wapiabi Formation), which gets thinner from the Foothills to the Plains, indicating that it is developed where the shale layers are pinched out where triangle zone is developed. Backthrust is also developed in the southern region, where mechanical strengths of strata(viz. Bearpaw Formation)increase toward the foreland. In the central region, however, only forethrusts are developed along the weak continuous decollement layers(viz. Turner Valley and Brazeau formations), forming an imbricate fan without development of the triangle zone. Incompetent layers such as the top Wapiabi(Nomad),Brazeau(Bearpaw), Coalspur and Paskapoo formations are also pinched out laterally, forming fault glide horizons in different stratigraphic levels in each region. These results indicate that, along the transport direction, triangle zone is developed in relation to the stratigraphic pinch out of the Nomad Unit in the northern region, and is formed associated with the variations in strengths of the layers constituting the Bearpaw Formation in the southern region. It is notable that all the glide horizons are developed along incompetent layers. However, triangle zones are not developed in the areas of continuous stratigraphy of the Nomad Unit, which doe

关键词： Mechanical stratigraphy Triangle zone Imbricate fan Central Alberta Foothills Canadian rockies

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Accurate threat hunting in industrial internet of things edge devices

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1123-1130页

作者： Abbas Yazdinejad Behrouz Zolfaghari Ali Dehghantanha Hadis Karimipour gautam Srivastava Reza M.Parizi Cyber Science Lab School of Computer ScienceUniversity of GuelphOntarioCanada Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of CalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Brandon UniversityBrandonCanada College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State UniversityGAUSA Research Center for Interneural Computing China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon

Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)systems depend on a growing number of edge devices such as sensors,controllers,and robots for data collection,transmission,storage,and *** kind of malicious or abnormal function by each of these devices can jeopardize the security of the entire ***,they can allow malicious software installed on end nodes to penetrate the *** paper presents a parallel ensemble model for threat hunting based on anomalies in the behavior of IIoT edge *** proposed model is flexible enough to use several state-of-the-art classifiers as the basic learner and efficiently classifies multi-class anomalies using the Multi-class AdaBoost and majority *** evaluations using a dataset consisting of multi-source normal records and multi-class anomalies demonstrate that our model outperforms existing approaches in terms of accuracy,F1 score,recall,and precision.

关键词： IIoT Threat hunting Edge devices Multi-class anomalies Ensemble methods

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Niche breadth and overlap of spotted deer and domestic cattle with swamp deer in tropical region of Nepal

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 238-247页

作者： Siddhartha Regmi Bijaya Neupane Bijaya Dhami Deepak gautam Saroj Panthi Megharaj Poudel Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University44107 HetaudaNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan University33700 PokharaNepal School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Ministry of Forest Environment and Soil ConservationPokhara 33700GandakiNepal Ministry of Forests and Environment Forest Research and Training CenterKathmandu 44600Nepal Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland

Background:Knowledge about the niche overlap among wild species and domestic cattle is helpful to conserve and manage *** assessed the habitat niche breadth and overlap of sympatrically living spotted deer(Axis axis)and domestic cattle with swamp deer(Cervus duvaucelii)in Shuklaphanta National Park,Nepal during the dry season to explore the possibility of interspecific competition by studying the habitat use by these *** assumption was made that the presence of pellets is proof of habitat used by ***:Grids of 2 km×2 km have four subgrids,each with four sample plots,making a total of 16 plots(20 m×20 m)in each *** size of each sub-grid was 200 m×200 m and they were placed randomly inside the grid but at least 1 km apart from one *** data was collected in a 96 plots in ***’s niche breadth and Morisita’s overlap index were calculated to determine the niche breadth and the habitat overlap,***:The Levin’s measure of niche breadth suggested that spotted deer had the highest acclimatization with an index value of 0.94,followed by domestic cattle at 0.50,and swamp deer at 0.33 in our study ***,our findings supported the evidence that spotted deer are habitat generalists,whereas swamp deer are habitat *** swamp deer had lower niche breadth and more overlap with domestic ***:Our study showed the least niche breadth of swamp deer in comparison to spotted deer and domestic *** domestic cattle had the highest and least niche overlap with spotted deer and swamp deer,respectively,in terms of habitat *** study suggests that domestic cattle grazing should be stopped,and grassland management should be carried out for the benefit of *** studies should be conducted,including different seasons and places,prior to appropriate habitat *** addition,further studies are needed to quantify the extent of interspecific competition by incorporating more species.

关键词： Generalist Levin’s niche breadth Morisita’s overlap index Spatial overlap Habitat specialist

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Fragment emission and critical behavior in light and heavy charged systems

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第1期45卷 215-225页

作者： Samiksha Sood Rohit Kumar Arun Sharma Sakshi gautam Rajeev K.Puri Department of Physics Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160014India Department of Physics G.D.College.BillawarJammu 185204India

We study the emission of fragments in central collisions of light and heavily charged systems of^4+Ar+^45 Sc and^s4Kr+^197 Au,respectively,using the Quantum Molecular Dynamics(QMD)model as the primary *** fragments are identified using an energy based clusterization algorithm,i.e.,the Simulated Annealing Clusterization Algorithm(SACA).The charge distributions of intermediate mass fragments[3≤Zf≤12]are fitted with power-law(∝Zf^-τ)and exp on ential(∝e^-λZf)fits in order to extract the parametersτandλ,whose minimum values are also sometimes linked with the onset of fragmentation or the critical point for a liquid-gas phase *** parameters such as the normalized second moment,,average size of the second largest cluster,phase separation parameter(Sp),bimodal parameter(P),information entropy(H),and Zipfs law are also analyzed to find the exact energy of the onset of *** detailed analysis predicts that an energy point exists between 20-23.1 MeV/nucleon,which is very close to the experimentally observed value of 23.9 MeV/nucleon for the^40Ar+^45Sc *** also find that the critical energy deduced using Zipfs law is higher than those predicted from other critical ***,no minimum is found for t values of the highly charged system of^84Kr+^197Au,in agreement with experimental findings and various theoretical *** observe that the QMD+SACA model calculations are in agreement with the experimental *** agreement supports our results regarding the energy point of the liquid-gas phase transition and the onset of fragmentation.

关键词： heavy-ion collisions transport model clusterization algorithm Monte-Carlo technique li・quid-gas phase transition

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Design and development of a machine vision system using artificial neural network-based algorithm for automated coal characterization

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第4期8卷 737-755页

作者： Amit Kumar Gorai Simit Raval Ashok Kumar Patel Snehamoy Chatterjee Tarini gautam Department of Mining Engineering National Institute of TechnologyRourkela 769008India School of Minerals and Energy Resources Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Computer Science&Engineering C.V.Raman Global UniversityBhubaneswarOdisha 752054India Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Science Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMI 49931USA

Coal is heterogeneous in nature,and thus the characterization of coal is essential before its use for a specific ***,the current study aims to develop a machine vision system for automated coal *** model was calibrated using 80 image samples that are captured for different coal samples in different *** the images were captured in RGB color space and converted into five other color spaces(HSI,CMYK,Lab,xyz,Gray)for feature *** intensity component image of HSI color space was further transformed into four frequency components(discrete cosine transform,discrete wavelet transform,discrete Fourier transform,and Gabor filter)for the texture features extraction.A total of 280 image features was extracted and optimized using a step-wise linear regression-based algorithm for model *** datasets of the optimized features were used as an input for the model,and their respective coal characteristics(analyzed in the laboratory)were used as outputs of the *** R-squared values were found to be 0.89,0.92,0.92,and 0.84,respectively,for fixed carbon,ash content,volatile matter,and moisture *** performance of the proposed artificial neural network model was also compared with the performances of performances of Gaussian process regression,support vector regression,and radial basis neural network *** study demonstrates the potential of the machine vision system in automated coal characterization.

关键词： Coal characterization Machine vision system Artificial neural network Gaussian process regression

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Colloidal lead-free Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)double perovskite nanocrystals:Synthesis,uniform thin-film fabrication,and application in solution-processed solar cells

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1126-1134页

作者： Razi Ahmad gautam Virender Nutan Dinesh Singh Govind Gupta Udit Soni Sameer Sapra Ritu Srivastava Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryDr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi-110012India Indian Reference Materials Division CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryDr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi-110012India Department of Biotechnology TERI School of Advanced studiesNew Delhi 110070India Department ofChemistryy Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016India Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of SciencePalacky University OlomoucSlechtitelu 2778371 OlomoucCzech Republic

Recently developed lead-free double perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)have been proposed for the possible application in solutionprocessed optoelectronic ***,the optoelectronic applications of double perovskite NCs have been hampered due to the structural and chemical instability in the presence of polar ***,we report a facile strategy for the synthesis and purification of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)double perovskite NCs that remained stable even after washing with polar *** is realized with our efficient colloidal route to synthesize Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)NCs that involve stable and strongly coordinated precursor such as silvertrioctyl phosphine complex together with bismuth neodecanoate,which leads to a significantly improved chemical and colloidal *** layer-by-layer solid-state ligand exchange technique,a compact and crack-free thin film of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)NCs were ***,perovskite solar cells consisting of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)as an absorber layer were fabricated and tested.

关键词： double perovskite nanocrystals colloidal and chemical stability thin film solar cells

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A New Gastroprotective Effect of Limonoid Compounds Xyloccensins X and Y from Xylocarpus Molluccensis in Rats

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2014年第5期4卷 277-283页

作者： Vijai Lakshmi Vaibhav Mishra gautam Palit Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow 226001UPIndia Department of Biochemistry King George Medical UniversityLucknow 226003India Division of Pharmacology Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow 226001UPIndia

Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disorder affecting a large number of people *** arises due to an imbalance between aggressive(acid,pepsin and Helicobacter pylori infection)and protective(mucin secretion,prostaglandin,epidermal growth factors and bicarbonate)factors in the *** this study,the gastroprotective activity has been investigated of the active constituents from Xylocarpus *** activity of xyloccensins X?Y was investigated and found to be active in various ulcer models in Sprague–Dawley(SD)*** understand the mechanism of action of active constituent of natural products,the effects of the compounds on antisecretory and cytoprotective activities were *** dried fruits were extracted with ethanol and fractionated into four *** X?Y were isolated from the active fraction and was tested against different ulcer *** X?Y were found to possess anti-ulcerogenic *** antiulcer activity might be due to its anti-secretory activity and subsequent strengthening of the defensive *** present study has helped us in identifying a new lead in the form of xyloccensins that could be exploited in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.

关键词： Gastric ulcer Xyloccensins X?Y Antiulcerogenic activity

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Role of endoscopic therapy in early esophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第35期24卷 3965-3973页

作者： Sonika Malik gautam Sharma Madhusudhan R Sanaka Prashanthi N Thota Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic Akron General Medical Center Akron Department of Anesthesiology University Hospitals Cleveland Department of Gastroenterology Digestive Disease Surgery Institute Cleveland Clinic

Esophageal carcinoma is a highly lethal cancer associated with high morbidity and mortality. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma are the two distinct histological types. There has been significant progress in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early stages of cancer using resection and ablation techniques, as shown in several trials in the recent past. Earlier detection of esophageal cancer and advances in treatment modalities have lead to improvement in the 5-year survival from 5% to about 20% in the past decade. Endoscopic eradication therapy is the preferred modality of treatment in cancer limited to mucosal layer of the esophagus as there is very low risk of lymph node metastasis, leading to high cure rates, low risk of recurrence and with few adverse effects. The most common adverse events seen are strictures, bleeding and rarely perforation which can be endoscopically managed. In patients with recurrent advanced disease or invasive tumor, esophagectomy with lymph node dissection remains the mainstay of treatment. There is debate on post-endoscopic surveillance with some studies suggesting closer follow up with upper endoscopy every 6 mo for the first 1-2 years and then annually for the 3 years while others recommending the appropriate action only if symptoms or other abnormalities develop. Overall, the field of endoscopic therapy is still evolving and focus should be placed on careful patient selection using a multidisciplinary approach.

关键词： Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection Radiofrequency ablation Argon plasma coagulation Esophageal cancer Photodynamic therapy Cryotherapy

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Combining Geomatics and Conventional Methods for Monitoring Forest Conditions under Different Governance Arrangements

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第4期3卷 325-333页

作者： Ambika P. gautam P.O. Box 13797 Kathmandu Nepal

This study employed an innovative meth- odological framework that combines geomatics and conventional survey methods to monitor changes in forest conditions and examine their associations with local forest governance parameters in a mountain watershed covering 153.3 km2 in the middle moun- tains of Nepal. The study involved two spatial scales and analytical steps. First, geomatics techniques were used to map and detect changes in major land cover types in the watershed between 1976 and 2000 and to analyze relationships between forest cover changes and governance arrangements. This was followed by micro-level analysis of the relationships between the biological conditions of selected forests within the watershed and their governance arrangements, using conventional survey methods and analytical tools. The findings show that forest cover in the watershed in- creased by about 15 per cent during the period. The rate of increase in forest cover was highest in areas under a semi-government type of governance ar- rangement, while the community forests were gener- ally better in terms of current biological conditions compared to the semi-government forests. This in- consistency between the findings from the two analy- ses does not allow us to draw any firm conclusions regarding the role of property rights in determining forest condition, but it indicates that the outcomes of local forest management initiatives may be more de-pendent on local institutional arrangements regulat- ing forest use and maintenance of forest resources than on the type of property rights arrangements. The findings also provide evidence of the methodological suitability of the research approach adopted, which may be useful for addressing many other research questions related to forestry and natural resources management, particularly those involving multiple spatial scales.

关键词： Forest monitoring property rights research approach Nepal

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Themis regulates metabolic signaling and effector functions in CD4^(+) T cells by controlling NFAT nuclear translocation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2249-2261页

作者： Mukul Prasad Joanna Brzostek Namrata gautam Renu Balyan Vasily Rybakin Nicholas R.J.Gascoigne Translational Immunology Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore Department of Microbiology and Immunology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore5 Science Drive 2Singapore 117545Singapore H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute TampaFLUSA Torque Therapeutics CambridgeMAUSA

Themis is a T cell lineage-specific molecule that is involved in TCR signal *** effects of germline Themis deletion on peripheral CD4^(+)T cell function have not been described *** this study,we found that Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells had poor proliferative responses,reduced cytokine production in vitro and weaker inflammatory potential,as measured by their ability to cause colitis in *** T cells are quiescent,whereas activated T cells have high metabolic *** of these metabolic demands depends upon nutrient availability and upregulation of nutrient intake channels after efficient TCR signal transduction,which leads to metabolic reprogramming in T *** tested whether defects in effector functions were caused by impaired metabolic shifts in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells due to inefficient TCR signal transduction,in turn caused by the lack of *** found that upon TCR stimulation,Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells were unable to upregulate the expression of insulin receptor(IR),glucose transporter(GLUT1),the neutral amino acid transporter CD98 and the mTOR pathway,as measured by c-Myc and pS6 *** analysis of activated Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells showed more oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)than aerobic glycolysis,indicating defective metabolic ***,we found reduced NFAT translocation in Themis-deficient CD4^(+)T cells upon TCR *** previously reported ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data,we found that NFAT nuclear translocation controls IR gene ***,our results describe an internal circuit between TCR signal transduction,NFAT nuclear translocation,and metabolic signaling in CD4^(+)T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism NFAT nuclear translocation Insulin receptor mTOR Mitochondria

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