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A Modified Crank-Nicolson Numerical Scheme for the Flory-Huggins Cahn-Hilliard Model

Communications in Computational physics 2022年第1期31卷 60-93页

作者： Wenbin Chen Jianyu Jing Cheng Wang Xiaoming Wang steven M.Wise Shanghai Key Laboratory for Contemporary Applied Mathematics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433P.R.China Mathematics Department University of MassachusettsNorth DartmouthMA 02747USA International Center for Mathematics and Department of Mathematics and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Designand National Center for Applied Mathematics ShenzhenSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055P.R.China Mathematics Department University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

In this paper we propose and analyze a second order accurate numericalscheme for the Cahn-Hilliard equation with logarithmic Flory Huggins energy potential. A modified Crank-Nicolson approximation is applied to the logarithmic nonlinear term, while the expansive term is updated by an explicit second order AdamsBashforth extrapolation, and an alternate temporal stencil is used for the surface diffusion term. A nonlinear artificial regularization term is added in the numerical scheme,which ensures the positivity-preserving property, i.e., the numerical value of the phasevariable is always between -1 and 1 at a point-wise level. Furthermore, an unconditional energy stability of the numerical scheme is derived, leveraging the special formof the logarithmic approximation term. In addition, an optimal rate convergence estimate is provided for the proposed numerical scheme, with the help of linearizedstability analysis. A few numerical results, including both the constant-mobility andsolution-dependent mobility flows, are presented to validate the robustness of the proposed numerical scheme.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard equation Flory Huggins energy potential positivity preserving energy stability second order accuracy optimal rate convergence estimate

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Human amniotic fluid stem cell therapy can help regain bladder function in type 2 diabetic rats

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第5期14卷 330-346页

作者： Ching-Chung Liang steven W Shaw Yung-Hsin Huang Tsong-Hai Lee Female Urology Section Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan Division of Obstetrics Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyTaipei Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaipei 105Taiwan prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group Institute for Women’s HealthUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Stroke Center and Department of Neurology Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalCollege of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333Taiwan

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a serious and growing global health *** is estimated that 80%of diabetic patients have micturition problems such as poor emptying,urinary incontinence,urgency,and urgency *** with diabetic bladder dysfunction are often resistant to currently available *** is necessary to develop new and effective treatment *** To examine the therapeutic effect of human amniotic fluid stem cells(hAFSCs)therapy on bladder dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic rat *** Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups:Group 1,normal-diet control(control);group 2,high-fat diet(HFD);group 3,HFD plus streptozotocin-induced DM(DM);group 4,DM plus insulin treatment(DM+insulin);group 5,DM plus hAFSCs injection via tail vein(DM+hAFSCs).Conscious cystometric studies were done at 4 and 12 wk after insulin or hAFSCs treatment to measure peak voiding pressure,voided volume,intercontraction interval,bladder capacity,and residual *** and/or mRNA expression of muscarinic receptors,nerve growth factor(NGF),and sensory nerve markers in the bladder and insulin,MafA,and pancreatic-duodenal homeobox-1(pDX-1)in pancreatic beta cells were *** Compared with DM rats,insulin but not hAFSCs treatment could reduce the bladder weight and improve the voided volume,intercontraction interval,bladder capacity,and residual volume(pp to regain the blood glucose and bladder functions to the levels near controls(p>0.05).The immunoreactivities and mRNA expression of M2-and M3-muscarinic receptors(M2 and M3)were increased mainly at 4 wk(ppeptide(CGRp),substance p,insulin,MafA,and pDX-1 were decreased in DM rats(pp to regain the expression of M2,M3,NGF,CGRp,substance p,MafA

关键词： Amniotic fluid Bladder dysfunction Diabetes Insulin Stem cells

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能量平衡研究的10大问题

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北京体育大学学报 2015年第7期38卷 50-58页

作者： Robin p.Shook Gregory A.Hand steven N.Blair 南卡莱罗纳大学 columbiasc29201

肥胖是较长时间段内热量摄入和消耗失衡导致的结果。两者之间的关系可以用能量平衡方程描述,能量储存的速率等于能量摄入减去消耗的速率。尽管这种基于简单数学运算的关系可能容易理解,但在现实中,各种已知和未知的系统影响能量平衡的... 详细信息

肥胖是较长时间段内热量摄入和消耗失衡导致的结果。两者之间的关系可以用能量平衡方程描述,能量储存的速率等于能量摄入减去消耗的速率。尽管这种基于简单数学运算的关系可能容易理解,但在现实中,各种已知和未知的系统影响能量平衡的各个组成部分(能量储存,能量摄入,能量消耗)。显然,如果对于能量平衡有完整的理解,有效的预防和治疗策略就不会让肥胖在世界范围内大规模流行。本文的目的是针对能量平衡的组成部分进行简要的概述,确定10个关键主题以及悬而未决的问题,如果这些问题得以解决,可以推动整个研究领域。这些主题涉及多个方面,从一般(方法学问题)到特定领域。这个列表并不是详尽无遗,但却为能量平衡领域的科学家制定了研究议程,为公共卫生专家制定肥胖干预的措施提供了建议。

关键词：体重能量消耗能量摄入肥胖

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Clostridium difficile enteritis: A report of two cases and systematic literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2013年第3期5卷 37-42页

作者： Sean p Dineen steven H Bailey Thai H pham Sergio Huerta VA North Texas Healthcare System and UT Southwestern Department of Surgery University of Texas Southwestern

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile ) is the most common cause of healthcare associated infectious diarrhea. In the last decade, the incidence of C. difficile infection has increased dramatically. The virulence of C. difficile has also increased recently with toxigenic strains developing. C. difficile is generally a disease of the colon and presents with abdominal pain and diarrhea due to colitis. However, C. difficile enteritis has been reported rarely. The initial reports suggested mortality rates as high as 66%. The incidence of C. difficile enteritis appears to be increasing in parallel to the increase in colonic infections. We present two cases of patients who had otherwise uneventful abdominal surgery but subsequently developed C. difficile enteritis. Our literature review demonstrates 81 prior cases of C. difficile enteritis described in case reports. The mortality of the disease remains high at approximately 25%. Early recognition and intervention may reduce the high mortality associated with this disease process.

关键词： Clostridium difficile Enteritits Antibiotics Colorectal surgery Nosocomial infection

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Clinical Assessment of a pharmaceutical polyphenol Fruit Extract Gel to Inhibit Dental plaque

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pharmacology & pharmacy 2021年第9期12卷 177-189页

作者： steven p. Goh David M. Goh E. Russell Vickers Suite 1 76A Archer St Chatswood NSW 2067 Australia Clinical Stem Cells Sydney Australia

Oral bacteria (e.g. porphyromonas gingivalis) are associated and potentially co-causative in several medical conditions including Alzheimer’s disease and increased cardiovascular risk. Naturally occurring polyphenols... 详细信息

Oral bacteria (e.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis) are associated and potentially co-causative in several medical conditions including Alzheimer’s disease and increased cardiovascular risk. Naturally occurring polyphenols are a developing class of antimicrobial pharmaceutical agents. The use of plant-based polyphenol compounds is an attractive area of medical and dental research due to their high safety factor from their presence in vegetables and fruits. This preliminary study evaluated polyphenols found in berries to reduce bacterial dental plaque accumulation. The study was an in vivo single blind randomized controlled trial of seven subjects with a novel tooth gel using validated measurements. Results showed a significant reduction in plaque accumulation (ppan> = 0.005) and a non-significant trend to reduce gingivitis (p = pan style="font-family:Verdana;">0.08). The bioactive gel showed no local or systemic adverse effects and was well tolerated by subjects.

关键词： Dental plaque Gingivitis polyphenol Quercetin Randomized Controlled Trial

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Evaluation of Stocking All Female Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) in Alabama (USA) ponds

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Natural Resources 2016年第6期7卷 315-325页

作者： Michael J. Maceina steven M. Sammons Ronald p. phelps School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA

Excessive largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ) recruitment in small impoundments leads to density-dependent growth depression, causing populations to have length distributions skewed towards smaller fish. To address this issue, we conducted three trials that evaluated stocking all female largemouth bass (F-LMB) in two small Alabama ponds (0.5 and 2.0 ha) where the drainage basin was isolated. Age-1 fish were individually identified for sex using a micro pipette inserted in the urogenital pore, tagged, and stocked at 38-40 F-LMB/ha into ponds that contained pre-established sunfish ( Lepomis spp.) populations. Female largemouth bass were collected with electrofishing, angling, and rotenone over a 2.5- to 5-year period among the three trials. Sex was correctly identified for 179 of the 180 F-LMB stocked. One male was detected in the first trial which resulted in successful largemouth bass reproduction and this trial was terminated after two years. Growth was rapid the first 2 years after stocking as 3-year-old fish reached an average of 429 to 459 mm and 1.37 to 1.66 kg in all 3 trials. However, 2 years after stocking, growth was nil in the second trial even though relative weights of F-LMB were generally greater than 100. In this second trial, removal of about 30% of the F-LMB inhabiting the pond and stocking small Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (25 - 75 mm) resulted in average weights increasing from 1.30 to 2.34 kg in 1 year. Growth of F-LMB continued in the third trail, and average size approached 500 mm and 2.2 kg three years after stocking. Annual survival rates of F-LMB were high and ranged from 0.78 to 0.93 among the 3 trials. Stocking F-LMB offers an attractive alternative in ponds to create a low density largemouth bass population that displays fast growth and high survival when catch-and-release fishing is primarily practiced.

关键词： Largemouth Bass Relative Weight Growth Survival ponds program MARK

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A roadmap for research in octoploid strawberry

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 2300-2316页

作者： Vance M.Whitaker steven J.Knapp Michael A.Hardigan patrick p.Edger Janet p.Slovin Nahla V.Bassil Timo Hytönen Kathryn K.Mackenzie Seonghee Lee Sook Jung Dorrie Main Christopher R.Barbey Sujeet Verma University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesGulf Coast Research and Education CenterWimaumaFlorida 33598USA Department of plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA USDAARS Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory BeltsvilleMA 20705USA USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository CorvallisOR 97333USA Department of Agricultural Sciences Viikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki 00790Finland Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesViikki Plant Science CentreUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinki 00790Finland NIAB EMR Kent ME196BJUK Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

The cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)is an allo-octoploid species,originating nearly 300 years ago from wild progenitors from the *** that time the strawberry has become the most widely cultivated fruit crop in the world,universally appealing due to its sensory qualities and health *** recent publication of the first highquality chromosome-scale octoploid strawberry genome(***)is enabling rapid advances in genetics,stimulating scientific debate and provoking new research *** this forward-looking review we propose avenues of research toward new biological insights and applications to *** these are the origins of the genome,characterization of genetic variants,and big data approaches to *** areas of research in molecular biology will include the control of flowering,fruit development,fruit quality,and plant–pathogen *** order to realize this potential as a global community,investments in genome resources must be continually augmented.

关键词： straw cultivated looking

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An inherent acceleratory effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and its pharmacological characterization in normal mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第16期12卷 2593-2600页

作者： Murali Krishna Reddy peddyreddy steven Aibor Dkhar Subramanian Ramaswamy Amrithraj Theophilus Naveen Deepak Gopal Shewade Department of pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPondicherry-605006India Department of pharmacology Aarupadai Veedu Medical CollegePondicherry-607 402India Department of pharmacy Mbarara University of Science and TechnologyMbararaUganda

AIM： To study an inherent effect of insulin on small intestinal transit and to explore involvement of various systems/mechanisms in normal mice. METHODS： Insulin at the doses of 2 μU/kg, 2 mU/kg, 2 U/kg or vehicle was subcutaneously administered to four groups of overnight fasted normal male mice. Blood glucose （BG） levels were measured 2 min before insulin administration and 2 min before sacrificing the animals for the measurement of small intestinal transit （SIT）. Charcoal meal was administered （0.3 mL） intragastrically 20 min after insulin administration and animals were sacrificed after 20 min and SIT was determined. For exploration of the various mechanisms involved in insulin-induced effect on SIT, the dose of insulin which can produce a significant acceleration of SIT without altering BG levels was determined. The following drugs, atropine （1 mg/kg）, clonidine （0.1 mg/kg）, ondansetron （1 mg/kg）, naloxone （5 mg/kg）, verapamil （8 mg/kg） and glibenclamide （10 mg/kg）, were administered intravenously 10 min prior to the administration of insulin （2 μU/kg）. RESULTS： The lower doses of insulin （2 μU/kg and 2 mU/kg） produced a significant acceleration of SIT from 52.0% to 70.7% and 73.5% without lowering blood glucose levels （p〈0.01）, while the highest dose of insulin （2 U/kg） produced a fall in blood glucose levels which was also associated with significant acceleration of SIT （p〈0.01）. After pretreatment of insulin （2 μU/kg） group with atropine, insulin could reverse 50% of the inhibition produced by atropine. In clonidine-pretreated group, insulin administration could reverse only 37% of the inhibition produced by clonidine and inhibition of SIT was significant compared with vehicle ＋ insulintreated group, i.e. from 74.7% to 27.7% （p〈0.01）. In ondansetron-pretreated group, insulin administration could produce only mild acceleration of SIT （23.5%）. In naloxone-pretreated group, insulin administration could significantly reverse the inhibition of SIT produced by nal

关键词： Adrenergic system Blood glucose levels Ca2^+ channels Cholinergic system Insulin Intestinal transit Opioid system Serotonergic system

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Mate choice decisions by searchers

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 184-199页

作者： Daniel D. WIEGMANN Lisa M. ANGELONI steven M. SEUBERT J. GordonWADE Department of Biological Sciences and J. p. Scott Center for Neuroscience Mind and Behavior Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA

For more than two decades rudimentary versions of the fixed sample and sequential search strategies have provided the primary theoretical foundation for the study of mate choice decisions by searchers. The theory that surrounds these models has expanded markedly over this time period. In this paper, we review and extend results derived from these models, with a focus on the empirical analysis of searcher behavior. The basic models are impractical for empirical purposes because they rely on the as- sumption that searchers--and, for applied purposes, researchers--assess prospective mates based on their quality, the fitness consequences of mate choice decisions. Here we expound versions of the models that are more empirically useful, reformulated to reflect decisions based on male phenotypic characters. For some organisms, it may be possible to use preference functions to de- rive predictions from the reformulated models and thereby avoid difficulties associated with the measurement of male quality per se. But predictions derived from the two models are difficult to differentiate empirically, regardless of how the models are formu- lated. Here we develop ideas that illustrate how this goal might be accomplished. In addition, we clarify how the variability of male quality should be evaluated and we extend what is known about how this variability influences searcher behavior under each model. More general difficulties associated with the empirical study of mate choice decisions by searchers are also discussed [Current Zoology 59 （2）： 184-199, 2013].

关键词： Dispersive order Fixed sample strategy Mate choice preference functions Sequential search Stochastic dominance

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Multiple interface coupling on natural tourmaline enables high-efficiency removal of antibiotic:Superior property and mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 242-254页

作者： Jingjing Cui Xiangyu Liu Feifan Qie Chengzhe Xie Qingdong He Jian Liu steven L.Suib Wenbo Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Department of Chemistry University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269-3060United States

Reasonably designing highly active,environmentally friendly,and cost-effective catalysts for efficient elimination of pollutants from water is desirable but ***,an efficient heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst tourmaline(TM)/tungsten oxide(WO_(3-x))(named TW10)containing tungsten/boron/iron(W/B/Fe)synergistic active centers and 90%of cheap natural tourmaline(TM)mineral rich in Fe and B *** TW10 catalyst can quickly activate peroxymonosulfate(pMS)to generate massive active free radicals,which may induce the rapid and efficient degradation of tetracycline(TC).The TW10/pMS/Visible light system can effectively degrade up to 98.7%of tetracycline(TC)in actual waters(***,Yellow River,and Yangtze River water),and the catalytic degradation rates reach 1.65,5.569,and 2.38 times higher than those of TM,WO_(3-x),and commercial p25(Degussa,Germany),*** addition,the catalyst can be recycled and reused multiple *** spin resonance spectroscopy(EpR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XpS),and liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(LC-MS)analyses confirm that the synergistic catalytic effect of W/B/Fe sites on the TW10 catalyst accelerates the electron transfer between Fe(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ),as well as between W(Ⅴ)and W(Ⅵ),and thus promotes the rapid degradation of *** catalytic reaction mechanism and degradation pathway of TC were *** work provides a feasible route for the design and development of new eco-friendly and efficient catalyst.

关键词： Tourmaline(TM) Fenton-like catalyst Tungsten oxide peroxymonosulfate Antibiotic

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