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Natural history,clinical characteristics,outcomes,and long-term follow-up of pain-free chronic pancreatitis

Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 309-315页

作者： Awais Ahmed Ishani Shah Rachel Bocchino steven D.Freedman Darshan j.Kothari Sunil G.Sheth Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyDuke UniversityDurhamNCUSA

Background:Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is characterized by chronic abdominal pain and functional ***,a small subset of patients with prior acute pancreatitis(AP)and/or underlying risk factors for developing CP may be pain-free at diagnosis and may have a different clinical *** aimed to compare the clinical characteristics,outcomes,and healthcare utilization between CP patients with and without ***:Reviewed patients with established CP were followed in our Pancreas Center between january 2016 and April *** without risk factors for developing CP and/or without AP prior to their diagnosis and only with incidental radiologic features of CP were excluded,so as tominimize confounding factors of pancreatopathy unrelated to *** were divided into painful and pain-free groups to analyze differences in demographics,outcomes,and healthcare ***:Of 368 CP patients,49(13.3%)were pain-free at diagnosis and had remained so for>9 *** were no significant differences in body mass index,race,sex,or co-morbidities between the two ***-free patients were older at diagnosis(53.9 vs 45.7,P=0.004)and had less recurrent AP(RAP)(43.8%vs 72.5%,P<0.001)and less exocrine pancreatic insufficiency(EPI)(34.7%vs 65.7%,P<0.001).Pain-free patients had less disability(2.2%vs 22.0%,P=0.003),mental illness(20.4%vs 61.0%,P<0.001),surgery(0.0%vs 15.0%,P=0.059),and therapeutic interventions(0.0%vs 16.4%,P=0.005)for ***:We described a unique subset of patients with underlying risk factors for CP and/or prior AP who were painfree at *** were older at diagnosis,had less EPI and RAP,and overall favorable outcomes with minimal resource utilization.

关键词： chronic pancreatitis pain-free pancreatic insufficiency diabetes

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Prophylactic fixation of the unaffected contralateral side in children with slipped capital femoral epiphysis seems favorable:A systematic review

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World journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 515-527页

作者： steven j C Vink Renée A van Stralen Sophie Moerman Christiaan j A van Bergen Department of Orthopedic Surgery Erasmus Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713GZNetherlands Department of Orthopedic Surgery Amphia HospitalBreda 4818CKNetherlands

BACKGROUND Slipped capital femoral epiphysis(SCFE)occurs in adolescents and has an incidence of around 10 per 100000 *** presenting with a unilateral SCFE are 2335 times more likely to develop a contralateral SCFE than the general *** factors that have been suggested to increase the risk of contralateral slip include a younger patient,an underlying endocrine disorder,growth hormone use and a higher radiographic posterior sloping ***,there is still much debate on the advantages and disadvantages of prophylactic fixation of the unaffected side in an otherwise healthy *** To investigate the risk rate of contralateral SCFE and assess the(dis)advantages of prophylactic fixation of the contralateral *** A systematic literature search was performed in the Embase,Medline,Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane *** terms included‘slipped capital femoral epiphysis,’‘fixation,’‘contralateral,’and *** eligibility of the acquired articles was independently assessed by the authors and additional relevant articles were included through *** were considered eligible for inclusion if they presented data about otherwise healthy children with primarily unilateral SCFE and the outcomes of prophylactically pinning their unaffected side,or about the rates of contralateral slips and complications *** study quality of the included articles was assessed independently by the authors by means of the methodological index for non-randomized studies *** Of 293 identified unique publications,we included 26 studies with a total of 12897 patients.1762 patients(14%)developed a subsequent symptomatic contralateral *** addition,38%of patients developed a subsequent slip on the contralateral side without experiencing clinical *** most outspoken advantage of prophylactic fixation of the contralateral hip in the literature is prevention of an(asymptomatic)slip

关键词： Slipped capital femoral epiphysis Primary prevention Postoperative complications Risk factors Radiography

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Global mitigation efforts cannot neglect emerging emitters

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 82-89页

作者： Can Cui Dabo Guan Daoping Wang jing Meng Vicky Chemutai Paul Brenton Shaohui Zhang Yuli Shan Qiang Zhang steven j.Davis Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College London Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Centre for Nature and Climate World Economic Forum School of Urban and Regional Science Shanghai University of Finance and Economics The World Bank School of Economics and Management Beihang University International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Department of Earth System Science University of California Irvine Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Irvine

International efforts to avoid dangerous climate change have historically focused on reducing energy-related CO2emissions from countries with either the largest economies(*** EU and the USA)and/or the largest populations(*** and India).However,in recent years,emissions have surged among a different and much less-examined group of countries,raising concerns that a next generation of high-emitting economies will obviate current mitigation ***,we analyse the trends and drivers of emissions in each of the 59 countries where emissions in 2010-2018 grew faster than the global average(excluding China and India),project their emissions under a range of longer-term energy scenarios and estimate the costs of decarbonization *** emissions from these ’emerging emitters’ reach as much as 7.5 GtCO2/year in the baseline 2.5° scenari—substantially greater than the emissions from these regions in previously published scenarios that would limit warming to 1.5℃ or even 2℃.Such unanticipated emissions would in turn require non-emitting energy deployment from all sectors within these emerging emitters,and faster and deeper reductions in emissions from other countries to meet international climate ***,the annual costs of keeping emissions at the low level are in many cases 0.2%-4.1% of countries’ gross domestic production,pointing to potential trade-offs with poverty-reduction goals and/or the need for economic support and low-carbon technology transfer from historically high-emitting *** results thus highlight the critical importance of ramping up mitigation efforts in countries that to this point have been largely ignored.

关键词： emerging emiters developing countries climate change mitigation CO_2 emissions net zero

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VARIABLE STEP-SIZE IMPLICIT-EXPLICIT LINEAR MULTISTEP METHODS FOR TIME-DEPENDENT PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2008年第6期26卷 838-855页

作者： DongWang steven j. Ruuth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign B231 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mathematics Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada V5A 1S6

Implicit-explicit （IMEX） linear multistep methods are popular techniques for solving partial differential equations （PDEs） with terms of different types. While fixed timestep versions of such schemes have been developed and studied, implicit-explicit schemes also naturally arise in general situations where the temporal smoothness of the solution changes. In this paper we consider easily implementable variable step-size implicit-explicit （VSIMEX） linear multistep methods for time-dependent PDEs. Families of order-p, pstep VSIMEX schemes are constructed and analyzed, where p ranges from 1 to 4. The corresponding schemes are simple to implement and have the property that they reduce to the classical IMEX schemes whenever constant time step-sizes are imposed. The methods are validated on the Burgers＇ equation. These results demonstrate that by varying the time step-size, VSIMEX methods can outperform their fixed time step counterparts while still maintaining good numerical behavior.

关键词： Implicit-explicit (IMEX) linear multistep methods Variable step-size Zero-stability Burgers' equation.

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A 20-Year Follow-up after the Fontan Operation in a Population with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第5期17卷 579-590页

作者： Eleni P.Asimacopoulos steven j.Staffa Peter C.Laussen Kirsten C.Odegard Department of Boston Children’s Hospital Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain Medicine Division of Cardiac AnesthesiaBoston02115USA

Background:Thromboembolic events are a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in the Fontan *** previously reported on coagulation profile changes in a cohort of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome(HLHS)from Stage I through Fontan *** this report,we examine their clinical status,anticoagulation and incidence of thromboembolic events up to 20 years post ***:A retrospective chart review was conducted for twenty(20)surviving patients,from 1998 through December *** who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation(OTx)were followed until their *** who were found in the original study to have a factor VIII activity level>160%,were examined ***:Most patients had follow-up within the last two years(2018–2020).Two patients underwent OTx and two patients *** strategy was *** patients were on aspirin *** was a total of twelve thrombotic events(63.2%).These included six cerebrovascular accidents(two of which were fatal).Three out of the seven patients with elevated factor VIII activity from the original study had thromboembolic events(42.9%).Fontan complications were *** degree of Fontan Associated Liver Disease was ***:This retrospective review of a group of single-ventricle patients post Fontan,illustrates the variability in anticoagulation therapy that exists in this population.A large proportion of patients suffered a significant thromboembolic event,including the patients with elevated factor *** investigation into the patients with elevated factor VIII may help determine whether a different antithrombotic strategy post Fontan would be beneficial.

关键词： Fontan procedure hypoplastic left heart syndrome antiplatelet drugs anticoagulation strategy thrombosis

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Resolving impact volatilization and condensation from target rock mixing and hydrothermal overprinting within the Chicxulub impact structure

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 16-31页

作者： Thomas Déhais Stepan M.Chernonozhkin Pim Kaskes Sietze j.de Graaff Vinciane Debaille Frank Vanhaecke Philippe Claeys steven Goderis Analytical Environmental and Geo-ChemistryVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium Laboratoire G-Time UniversitécLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Chemistry Atomic&Mass SpectrometryGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

This work presents isotopic data for the non-traditional isotope systems Fe,Cu,and Zn on a set of Chicxulub impactites and target lithologies with the aim of better documenting the dynamic processes taking place during hypervelocity impact events,as well as those affecting impact structures during the post-impact *** focus lies on material from the recent IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 Hole M0077A drill core obtained from the offshore Chicxulub peak *** ejecta blanket samples from the UNAM 5 and 7 cores were used to compare the crater lithologies with those outside of the impact *** datasets of bulk Fe,Cu,and Zn isotope ratios are coupled with petrographic observations and bulk major and trace element compositions to disentangle equilibrium isotope fractionation effects from kinetic *** observed Fe and Cu isotopic signatures,with δ^(56/54)Fe ranging from0.95‰to 0.58‰and δ^(65/63)Cu from0.73‰to 0.14‰,mostly reflect felsic,mafic,and carbonate target lithology mixing and secondary sulfide mineral formation,the latter associated to the extensive and long-lived(>105 years)hydrothermal system within Chicxulub *** the other hand,the stable Zn isotope ratios provide evidence for volatility-governed isotopic *** heavier Zn isotopic compositions observed for the uppermost part of the impactite sequence and a metamorphic clast(δ^(66/64)Zn of up to 0.80‰and 0.87‰,respectively)relative to most basement lithologies and impact melt rock units indicate partial vaporization of Zn,comparable to what has been observed for Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary layer sediments around the world,as well as for tektites from various strewn *** contrast to previous work,our data indicate that an isotopically light Zn reservoir(δ^(66/64)Zn down to0.49‰),of which the existence has previously been suggested based on mass balance considerations,may reside within the upper impact melt rock(UIM)*** observation is restricted to a few UIM sampl

关键词： Chicxulub impact structure Non-traditional stable isotopes Impact volatilization Impact condensation Hydrothermal alteration Target lithology mixing

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miR398b negatively regulates cotton immune responses to Verticillium dahliae via multiple targets

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The Crop journal 2022年第4期10卷 1026-1036页

作者： Yuhuan Miao Kun Chen jinwu Deng Lin Zhang Weiran Wang jie Kong steven j.Klosterman Xianlong Zhang Alifu Aierxi Longfu Zhu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430065HubeiChina Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina Institute of Economic Crops Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesUrumchi 842000XinjiangChina United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSalinasCA 93905USA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)play essential roles in plant defense responses,although such roles have not been identified in cotton in response to the plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium *** this study,the functions of miR398b and its target genes in *** interaction were *** transcript levels of miR398b were down-regulated by *** infection and miR398b overexpression in cotton made the plants more susceptible to *** results suggest that miR398b negatively regulates cotton resistance to *** may occur by miR398b repression of some CC-NBS-LRR genes via translational inhibition,interfering with defense responses and leading to cotton susceptibility to ***,miR398b may guide the cleavage of the mRNAs of GhCSD1,GhCSD2 and GhCCS,each of which functions in reactive oxygen species(ROS)regulation and homeostasis,thereby causing excessive ROS accumulation in miR398b-overexpressing plants in response to *** *** study suggests conserved and novel roles of miR398b in the cotton–*** *** discoveries may be coupled with new strategies in cotton breeding programs to improve resistance to ***.

关键词： Cotton miR398b NBS-LRR ROS homeostasis Verticillium dahliae

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Transport model for shale gas well leakage through the surrounding fractured zones of a longwall mine

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International journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第5期30卷 635-641页

作者： Kayode M.Ajayi steven j.Schatzel Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthPittsburghPA 15236USA

The environmental risks associated with casing deformation in unconventional(shale)gas wells positioned in abutment pillars of longwall mines is a concern to many in the mining and gas well *** the recent interest in shale exploration and the proximity to longwall mining in Southwestern Pennsylvania,the risk to mine workers could be catastrophic as fractures in surrounding strata create pathways for transport of leaked ***,this research by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)presents an analytical model of the gas transport through fractures in a low permeable *** derived equations are used to conduct parametric studies of specific transport conditions to understand the influence of stratum geology,fracture lengths,and the leaked gas properties on subsurface *** results indicated that the prediction that the subsurface gas flux decreases with an increase in fracture length is specifically for a non-gassy *** sub-transport trend could be significantly impacted by the stratum gas generation rate within specific fracture lengths,which emphasized the importance of the stratum *** findings provide new insights for improved understanding of subsurface gas transport to ensure mine safety.

关键词： Subsurface gas transport Longwall mining Shale gas well Analytical modeling Environmental risk Shale gas casing failure

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Metabolic and performance responses of male runners wearing 3 types of footwear: Nike Vaporfly 4%, Saucony Endorphin racing flats, and their own shoes

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 275-284页

作者： Kim Hébert-Losier steven j.Finlayson Matthew W.Driller Blaise Dubois jean-François Esculier Christopher Martyn Beaven Division of Health EngineeringComputing and ScienceTe Huataki Waiora School of HealthUniversity of WaikatoMount MaunganuiTauranga 3116New Zealand Sport and Exercise Science School of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia Research&Development the Running ClinicLac-BeauportQC G3B 2J8Canada

Purpose We compared running economy(RE)and 3-km time-trial(TT)variables of runners wearing Nike Vaporfly 4%(VP4),Saucony Endorphin lightweight racing flats(FLAT),and their habitual running(OWN)*** Eighteen male recreational runners(age=33.5±11.9 year(mean±SD),peak oxygen uptake(VO_(2peak))=55.8±4.4 mL/kg·min)attended 4 sessions approximately 7 days *** first session consisted of a VO_(2peak) test to inform subsequent RE speeds set at 60%,70%,and 80%of the speed eliciting *** subsequent sessions,treadmill RE and 3-km TTs were assessed in the 3 footwear conditions in a randomized,counterbalanced crossover *** Oxygen consumption(mL/kg·min)was less in VP4(from 4.3%to 4.4%,p≤0.002)and FLAT(from 2.7%to 3.4%,p≤0.092)*** across intensities,with a non-significant difference between VP4 and FLAT(1.0%-1.7%,p≥0.292).Findings related to energy cost(W/kg)and energetics cost of transport(j/kg·m)were ***43-km TT performance(11:07.6±0:56.6 mm:ss)was enhanced *** by 16.6 s(2.4%,p=0.005)and *** by 13.0 s(1.8%,p=0.032).The 3-km times between OWN and FLAT(0.5%,p=0.747)were *** runners(n=11,61%)ran their fastest TT in *** Overall,VP4 improved laboratory-based RE measures in male recreational runners at relative speeds compared to OWN,but the RE improvements in VP4 were not significant *** runners exhibited better treadmill TT performances in VP4(61%)***(22%)and OWN(17%).The variability in RE(-10.3%to 13.3%)and TT(-4.7%to 9.3%)improvements suggests that responses to different types of shoes are individualized and warrant further investigation.

关键词： Footwear Individual responses Minimalist Physiology Running

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Harmony Search Algorithm Based on Dual-Memory Dynamic Search and Its Application on Data Clustering

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Complex System Modeling and Simulation 2023年第4期3卷 261-281页

作者： jinglin Wang Haibin Ouyang Zhiyu Zhou steven Li School of Mechanical and Electric Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Graduate School of Business and Law RMIT UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia

Harmony Search(HS)algorithm is highly effective in solving a wide range of real-world engineering optimization ***,it still has the problems such as being prone to local optima,low optimization accuracy,and low search *** address the limitations of the HS algorithm,a novel approach called the Dual-Memory Dynamic Search Harmony Search(DMDS-HS)algorithm is *** main innovations of this algorithm are as follows:Firstly,a dual-memory structure is introduced to rank and hierarchically organize the harmonies in the harmony memory,creating an effective and selectable trust region to reduce approach blind ***,the trust region is dynamically adjusted to improve the convergence of the algorithm while maintaining its global search ***,to boost the algorithm’s convergence speed,a phased dynamic convergence domain concept is introduced to strategically devise a global random search ***,the algorithm constructs an adaptive parameter adjustment strategy to adjust the usage probability of the algorithm’s search strategies,which aim to rationalize the abilities of exploration and exploitation of the *** results tested on the Computational Experiment Competition on 2017(CEC2017)test function set show that DMDS-HS outperforms the other nine HS algorithms and the other four state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of diversity,freedom from local optima,and solution *** addition,applying DMDS-HS to data clustering problems,the results show that it exhibits clustering performance that exceeds the other seven classical clustering algorithms,which verifies the effectiveness and reliability of DMDS-HS in solving complex data clustering problems.

关键词： harmony search dual-memory dynamic search optimization data clustering

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