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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2018年第3期2卷 210-222页

作者： Zewei Chen Peter de Boves Harrington steven F.Baugh Clippinger Laboratories Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryCenter for Intelligent Chemical InstrumentationOhio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Chemistry Mapping Inc.5902 McIntyre St.GoldenCO 80403USA

As the use of Cannabis products as natural medicines burgeons,it is also appearing as a food *** is important to screen Cannabis samples as ingredients by profiling their chemical compositions,which is referred to as *** sets of botanical extracts were *** first set is referred to as Cannabis contained plant materials from 15 samples of the sativa,indica,and hybrids of the two *** second set contained 20 extracts from the variety of Cannabis sativa with low tetrahydrocannabinol(THC)concentrations,i.e.,below 0.3%,and,henceforth,will be referred to as *** ultraviolet(UV)microplate reader provides a cost-effective and high-throughput method for identifying chemotypes of plant extracts by their *** microplate reader affords rapid measurements of small volumes,e.g.,50μL,which demonstrates a potential to significantly reduce the analysis time and cost for Cannabis and hemp chemotyping or chemi-cal *** samples were measured on different days to demonstrate the robustness of the *** difference resolution(PDR)maps were used to visualize the separations among the *** multivariate classifiers,fuzzy rule-building expert system(FuReS),super partial least squares-discriminant analysis(sPLS-DA),support vector machine(SVM),and two tree-based support vector machines(SVMtreeG and SVMtreeH)were *** classifiers were validated with ten bootstrapped Latin partitions(BLPs).For the Cannabis extracts,the SVMtreeG yielded the best performance and the classification accuracy was 99.1±0.4%for spectra collected in the nonlinear absorbance *** the hemp extracts,the SVM classifier performed the best with a 97.4±0.6%classification *** results demonstrate that the UV microplate reader coupled with multivariate classifiers can be used as a high-throughput and cost-effective approach for chemotyping Cannabis.

关键词： Cannabis extracts Hemp extracts Ultraviolet microplate reader Multivariate models High-throughput chemotyping Chemometrics Projected difference resolution map

Influence of free water availability on a desert carnivore and herbivore

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 121-129页

作者： Bryan M. KLUeVeR eric M. GeSe steven J. DeMPSeY Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA

Anthropogenic manipulation of finite resources on the landscape to benefit individual species or communities is commonly employed by conservation and management agencies. One such action in arid regions is the construction and maintenance of water developments （i.e., wildlife guzzlers） adding free water on the landscape to buttress local populations, influence animal movements, or af- fect distributions of certain species of interest. Despite their prevalence, the utility of wildlife guzzlers remains largely untested. We employed a before-after control-impact （BACI） design over a 4-year period on the US Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, USA, to determine whether water avaiJability at wildlife guzzlers influenced relative abundance of black-tailed jackrabbits Lepus californicus and relative use of areas near that resource by coyotes Canis latrans, and whether coyote visitations to guzzlers would decrease following elimination of water. eliminating water availability at guzzlers did not influence jackrabbit relative abundance. Coyote relative use was impacted by water availability, with elimination of water reducing use in areas associated with our treatment, but not with areas associated with our control. Visitations of radio-collared coyotes to guzzlers declined nearly 3-fold following elimination of water. Our study provides the first evidence of a potential direct effect of water sources on a mammalian carnivore in an arid environment, but the ecological relevance of our finding is debatable. Future investigations aimed at determining water effects on terrestrial mam- mals could expand on our findings by incorporating manipulations of water availability, obtaining absolute estimates of population parameters and vital rates and incorporating fine-scale spatiotem- poral data.

关键词： arid black-tailed jackrabbit Canis latrans coyote Lepus cafifornicus.

Diagnostic tools in male infertility--the question of sperm dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 53-58页

作者： Christopher LR Barratt steven Mansell Catherine Beaton Steve Tardif Senga K Oxenham Reproductive and Developmental Biology Maternal and Child Health Science Laboratories Centre for Oncology and Molecular Medicine Ninewells Hospital University of Dundee Dundee DD1 9SY Scotland UK Assisted Conception Unit NHS Tavside Ninewelts Hospital. Dundee. DD1 9SY. Scotland. UK

Sperm dysfunction is the single most common cause of infertility, yet what is remarkable is that, there is no drug a man can take or add to his spermatozoa in vitroto improve fertility. One reason for the lack of progress in this area is that our understanding of the cellular and molecular workings of the mature spermatazoon is limited. However, over the last few years there has been considerable progress in our knowledge base and in addressing new methods to diagnose sperm dysfunction. We review the current state of the field and provide insights for further development. We conclude that：（i） there is little to be gained from more studies identifying/categorizing various populations of men using a basic semen assessment, where an effort is required in making sure the analysis is performed in an appropriate high quality way; （ii） technological development is likely to bring the reality of sperm function testing closer to implementation into the clinical pathways. In doing this, these assays must be robust, cheap （or more appropriately termed cost effective）, easy to use and clinically useful; and （iii） clinical necessity, e.g., the need to identify the highest quality spermatozoon for injection is driving basic research forward. This is an exciting time to be an andrologist and, likely, a fruitful one.

关键词： gamete biomarker male fertility sperm biomarker sperm dysfunction

An integrative multivariate approach for predicting functional recovery using magnetic resonance imaging parameters in a translational pig ischemic stroke model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 842-850页

作者： erin e.Kaiser J.C.Poythress Kelly M.Scheulin Brian J.Jurgielewicz Nicole A.Lazar Cheolwoo Park steven L.Stice Jeongyoun Ahn Franklin D.West Regenerative Bioscience Center University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Neuroscience Biomedical and Health Sciences InstituteUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Animal and Dairy Science College of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA Department of Statistics Franklin College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is a clinically relevant,real-time imaging modality that is frequently utilized to assess stroke type and ***,specific MRI biomarkers that can be used to predict long-term functional recovery are still a critical ***,the present study sought to examine the prognostic value of commonly utilized MRI parameters to predict functional outcomes in a porcine model of ischemic *** was induced via permanent middle cerebral artery *** 24 hours post-stroke,MRI analysis revealed focal ischemic lesions,decreased diffusivity,hemispheric swelling,and white matter *** deficits including behavioral abnormalities in open field and novel object exploration as well as spatiotemporal gait impairments were observed at 4 weeks *** graphical models identified specific MRI outputs and functional recovery variables,including white matter integrity and gait performance,that exhibited strong conditional *** correlation analysis revealed a prognostic relationship between lesion volume and white matter integrity and novel object exploration and gait ***,these analyses may also have the potential of predicting patient recovery at chronic time points as pigs and humans share many anatomical similarities(e.g.,white matter composition)that have proven to be critical in ischemic stroke *** study was approved by the University of Georgia(UGA)Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(IACUC;Protocol Number:A2014-07-021-Y3-A11 and 2018-01-029-Y1-A5)on November 22,2017.

关键词： behavior testing canonical correlation analysis gait analysis Gaussian graphical models ischemic stroke magnetic resonance imaging pig model principal component analysis

A review of post-incident studies for wildland-urban interface fires

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 59-65页

作者： Benjamin Gaudet Albert Simeoni steven Gwynne erica Kuligowski Noureddine Benichou Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMAUnited States Movement Strategies LondonUnited Kingdom National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMDUnited States National Research Council Canada OttawaOntarioCanada

Post-incident studies provide direct and valuable information to further the scientific understanding of Wildland-Urban Interface(WUI)*** post-incident studies involve data collection in the field(i.e.a“research field deployment”).In this review,technical reports of post-incident studies for WUI fire and other natural disasters were analyzed and professionals directly involved in WUI fire research field deployments were *** goal of this review is to provide a resource for future WUI studies regarding the development of safe and effective fieldwork procedures,the collection and integration of accurate and relevant data,and the establishment of practical lessons *** main stages of WUI fire post-incident studies are identified and described in *** collection methodologies,data attributes,logistical practices and lessons-learned were compiled from various past studies and are presented here in the context of application to WUI fire.

关键词： Wildland-urban interface fire WUI fire Post-incident study Natural disaster study

Recent advancements in noninvasive brain modulation for individuals with autism spectrum disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1191-1195页

作者： Jessica R.Griff Jake Langlie Nathalie B.Bencie Zachary J.Cromar Jeenu Mittal Idil Memis steven Wallace Alexander e.Marcillo Rahul Mittal Adrien A.eshraghi Hearing Research and Communication Disorders Laboratory Department of OtolaryngologyNeurotology DivisionUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Biomedical engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Autism spectrum disorder is classified as a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with an unknown definitive *** with autism spectrum disorder show deficits in a variety of areas including cognition,memory,attention,emotion recognition,and social *** no definitive treatment or cure,the main interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder are based on behavioral ***,noninvasive brain modulation techniques including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation have been studied for their therapeutic properties of modifying neuroplasticity,particularly in individuals with autism spectrum *** evidence from small cohort studies,pilot studies,and clinical trials suggests that the various noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have therapeutic benefits for treating both behavioral and cognitive manifestations of autism spectrum ***,little data is available for quantifying the clinical significance of these findings as well as the long-term outcomes of individuals with autism spectrum disorder who underwent transcranial *** objective of this review is to highlight the most recent advancements in the application of noninvasive brain modulation technology in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

关键词： autism spectrum disorder behavior cognition neurostimulation interventions noninvasive brain modulation theta burst stimulation transcranial direct current stimulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

Aging and uremia:Is there cellular and molecular crossover?

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World Journal of Nephrology 2015年第1期4卷 19-30页

作者： William e White Muhammad M Yaqoob steven M Harwood Queen Mary University of London Translational Medicine and TherapeuticsWilliam Harvey Research InstituteJohn Vane Science CentreEC1M 6BQ LondonUnited Kingdom Department of Nephrology Barts Health NHS TrustThe Royal London HospitalWhitechapelE1 1BB LondonUnited Kingdom

Many observers have noted that the morphological changes that occur in chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients resemble those seen in the geriatric population, with strikingly similar morbidity and mortality profiles and rates of frailty in the two groups, and shared characteristics at a pathophysiological level especially in respect to the changes seen in their vascular andimmune systems. However, whilst much has been documented about the shared physical characteristics of aging and uremia, the molecular and cellular similarities between the two have received less attention. In order to bridge this perceived gap we have reviewed published research concerning the common molecular processes seen in aging subjects and CKD patients, with specific attention to altered proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, post-translational protein modification, and senescence and telomere attrition. We have also sought to illustrate how the cell death and survival pathways apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy are closely interrelated, and how an understanding of these overlapping pathways is helpful in order to appreciate the shared molecular basis behind the pathophysiology of aging and uremia. This analysis revealed many common molecular characteristics and showed similar patterns of cellular dysfunction. We conclude that the accelerated aging seen in patients with CKD is underpinned at the molecular level, and that a greater understanding of these molecular processes might eventually lead to new much needed therapeutic strategies of benefit to patients with renal disease.

关键词： Aging Uremia Apoptosis Autophagy Senescence Telomeres Mitochondria Post-transla-tional protein modification Klotho

First demonstration of an all-solid-state optical cryocooler

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 922-931页

作者： Markus P.Hehlen Junwei Meng Alexander R.Albrecht eric R.Lee Aram Gragossian steven P.Love Christopher e.Hamilton Richard I.epstein Mansoor Sheik-Bahae Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O.Box 1663Los AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Physics&Astronomy University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Solid-state optical refrigeration uses anti-Stokes fluorescence to cool macroscopic objects to cryogenic temperatures without *** such as Yb3+-doped YLiF4(YLF:Yb)have previously been laser-cooled to 91 *** this study,we show for the first time laser cooling of a payload connected to a cooling crystal.A YLF:Yb crystal was placed inside a Herriott cell and pumped with a 1020-nm laser(47 W)to cool a HgCdTe sensor that is part of a working Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)spectrometer to 135 *** first demonstration of an all-solid-state optical cryocooler was enabled by careful control of the various desired and undesired heat *** heating of the payload was minimized by using a single-kink YLF thermal link between the YLF:Yb cooling crystal and the copper coldfinger that held the HgCdTe *** adhesive-free bond between YLF and YLF:Yb showed excellent thermal *** laser-cooled assembly was then supported by silica aerogel cylinders inside a vacuum clamshell to minimize undesired conductive and radiative heat loads from the warm *** structure can serve as a baseline for future optical cryocooler devices.

关键词： optical pumped desired

VISUAL DISABILITIeS ReLATeD TO INTRAOCULAR LeNS DeSIGN

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eye Science 1990年第Z1期15卷 36-39页

作者： Gerri Goodman Walter J.Stark John D.Gottsch Daniel Goodman steven Olkowski A.e.Maumenee Ivan escape Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute Johns Hopkins University School of Medccine Baltimore Maryland U. S. A.

Intraoeular. lens implantation after cataract extraction has become a common practice in the United States. However, unwanted optical images can correet an otherwise successful surgery into one that causes patient dissatisfaction. Refinements in manufacturing design and finishing have greatly improved the quality of present day intraocular lenses, but there is continued interest in simulating the optics of the human crystalline *** will discuss the optical requirements of intraocular lenses and how these are influenced by optic design and dimension, and spectral transmission characteristics.

关键词： intraocular cataract otherwise implantation crystalline optic VISUAL continued finishing aberration