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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2016年第4期5卷 508-510页

作者： Wong Nyuk Hien steve Kardinal Jusuf School of Design and Environment Department of Building National University of SingaporeSingapore 117566 Singapore Engineering Cluster Singapore Institute of Technology Singapore 138683 Singapore

Initiated by Prof. Hashem Akbari, international conference on countermeasures to urban heat island （IC2UHI Conference） was first held in Tokyo, Japan in year 2006. Subsequently, it was held in Berkeley, USA and Veni...

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Overexpression of Dlx2 enhances osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cells via direct upregulation of Osteocalcin and Alp

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International Journal of Oral Science 2019年第2期11卷 119-130页

作者： Jianfei Zhang Wenbin Zhang Jiewen Dai Xudong Wang steve Guofang Shen Department of Oral & Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology

Genetic studies have revealed a critical role of Distal-homeobox (Dlx) genes in bone formation,and our previous study showed that Dlx2 overexpressing in neural crest cells leads to profound abnormalities of the craniofacial *** aim of this study was to investigate the role and the underlying molecular mechanisms of Dlx2 in osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 ***,we observed upregulation of Dlx2 during the early osteogenesis in BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 ***,Dlx2 overexpression enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular matrix mineralization in BMSCs and MC3T3-E1 cell *** addition,micro-CT of implanted tissues in nude mice confirmed that Dlx2 overexpression in BMSCs promoted bone formation in ***,Dlx2 overexpression had little impact on the expression level of the pivotal osteogenic transcription factors Runx2,Dlx5,Msx2,and Osterix,but led to upregulation of Alp and Osteocalcin (OCN),both of which play critical roles in promoting osteoblast ***,luciferase analysis showed that Dlx2 overexpression stimulated both OCN and Alp promoter *** chromatin-immunoprecipitation assay and site-directed mutagenesis analysis,we provide molecular evidence that Dlx2 transactivates OCN and Alp expression by directly binding to the Dlx2-response cis-acting elements in the promoter of the two *** on these findings,we demonstrate that Dlx2 overexpression enhances osteogenic differentiation in vitro and accelerates bone formation in vivo via direct upregulation of the OCN and Alp gene,suggesting that Dlx2 plays a crucial role in osteogenic differentiation and bone formation.

关键词： BMSCs MC3T3-E1 Osteocalcin

Investigation of Combustion of Emulated Biogas in a Gas Turbine Test Rig

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Journal of Thermal Science 2018年第4期27卷 331-340页

作者： Agustin VALERA-MEDINA Anthony GILES Daniel PUGH steve MORRIS Marcel POHL Andreas ORTWEIN Cardiff University Queen's Building Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnutzige GmbH Leipzig 04347 Germany Hochschule Merseburg Department Engineering and Natural Sciences Merseburg 06217 Germany

Combustion of biogas in gas turbines is an interesting option for provision of renewable combined heat and power from biomass. Due to an increasing share of fluctuating renewable energies in the power grid(especially from wind and solar power), flexible power generation is of increasing importance. Additionally, with an increasing share of agricultural and municipal waste in biogas production, biogas composition is expected to be within a broader range. In this paper, the combustion of synthetic biogas(carbon dioxide and methane) in a combustion test rig with a swirl burner and a high pressure optical chamber is researched at different conditions. Results are compared to a CHEMKIN-PRO simulation using a detailed reaction mechanism. The results show that within the researched experimental matrix, stable biogas combustion for gas turbines can be achieved even with significantly changing gas composition and nominal power. Carbon dioxide concentration is varied from 0 to 60%. CO concentrations(normalized to 15% O_2) in the flue gas do not change significantly with increasing carbon dioxide in the fuel gas and, for the researched conditions, stayed below 10 ppm. NO_x concentration is below 10 ppm(normalized to 15% O_2) for pure methane, and is further decreasing with increasing carbon dioxide share in the fuel gas, which is mainly due to changing reaction paths as reaction analysis showed. Thermal load of the combustor is varied from 100% to 20% for the reference gas composition. With decreasing thermal load, normalized carbon monoxide flue gas concentration is further reduced, while NOx concentrations are remaining at a similar level around 5 ppm(normalized to 15% O_2).

关键词： gas turbine biogas combustion test chemiluminescence

The Subtelomere of Oryza sativa Chromosome 3 Short Arm as a Hot Bed of New Gene Origination in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2008年第5期1卷 839-850页

作者： Chuanzhu Fana Yong Zhang Yeisoo Yu steve Rounsley Manyuan Long Rod A. Wing Arizona Genomics Institute Department of Plant Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA BIO5 Institute for Collaborative Research University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Despite general observations of non-random genomic distribution of new genes, it is unclear whether or not new genes preferentially occur in certain genomic regions driven by related molecular mechanisms. Using 1.5 Mb of genomic sequences from short arms of chromosome 3 of Oryza glaberrima and O. punctata, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis with the reference O. sativa ssp. japonica genome. We identified a 60-kb segment located in the middle of the subtelomeric region of chromosome 3, which is unique to the species O. sativa. The region contained gene duplicates that occurred in Asian cultivated rice species that diverged from the ancestor of Asian and African cultivated rice one million years ago （MYA）. For the 12 genes and one complete retrotransposon identified in this segment in O. sativa ssp. japonica, we searched for their parental genes. The high similarity between duplicated paralogs further supports the recent origination of these genes. We found that this segment was recently generated through multiple independent gene recombination and transposon insertion events. Among the 12 genes, we found that five had chimeric gene structures derived from multiple parental genes. Nine out of the 12 new genes seem to be functional, as suggested by Ka/Ks analysis and the presence of cDNA and/or MPSS data. Furthermore, for the eight transcribed genes, at least two genes could be classified as defense or stress response-related genes. Given these findings, and the fact that subtelomeres are associated with high rates of recombination and transcription, it is likely that subtelomeres may facilitate gene recombination and transposon insertions and serve as hot spots for new gene origination in rice genomes.

关键词： comparative genomics gene duplication Oryza sativa subtelomere new genes.

De novo serine synthesis regulates chondrocyte proliferation during bone development and repair

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Bone Research 2022年第2期10卷 274-285页

作者： steve Stegen Shauni Loopmans Ingrid Stockmans Karen Moermans Peter Carmeliet Geert Carmeliet Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology Department of Chronic Diseases and MetabolismKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism VIB Center for Cancer Biology3000 LeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer InstituteKU Leuven3000 LeuvenBelgium State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

The majority of the mammalian skeleton is formed through endochondral ossification starting from a cartilaginous *** cells, or chondrocytes, survive, proliferate and synthesize extracellular matrix in an avascular environment, but the metabolic requirements for these anabolic processes are not fully understood. Here, using metabolomics analysis and genetic in vivo models, we show that maintaining intracellular serine homeostasis is essential for chondrocyte function. De novo serine synthesis through phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase(PHGDH)-mediated glucose metabolism generates nucleotides that are necessary for chondrocyte proliferation and long bone growth. On the other hand, dietary serine is less crucial during endochondral bone formation, as serine-starved chondrocytes compensate by inducing PHGDH-mediated serine ***, this metabolic flexibility requires ATF4, a transcriptional regulator of amino acid metabolism and stress *** demonstrate that both serine deprivation and PHGDH inactivation enhance ATF4 signaling to stimulate de novo serine synthesis and serine uptake, respectively, and thereby prevent intracellular serine depletion and chondrocyte dysfunction. A similar metabolic adaptability between serine uptake and de novo synthesis is observed in the cartilage callus during fracture ***, the results of this study reveal a critical role for PHGDH-dependent serine synthesis in maintaining intracellular serine levels under physiological and serine-limited conditions, as adequate serine levels are necessary to support chondrocyte proliferation during endochondral ossification.

关键词： synthesis starting thereby

Wastewater Based Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2:Challenges and Perspective from a Canadian Inter-laboratory Study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期34卷 229-232页

作者： Teresa Kumblathan Nicholas Piroddi steve E.Hrudey Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaAlbert T6G 2G3aCanada

The current rapidly rising 5^(th) wave of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),dominated by the omicron variant,has clearly shown the challenges in monitoring,and tracing clinical cases of *** has been identified by the World Health Organization(WHO)as a variant of concern(VOC)on November 26^(th) of 2021,because of the reported higher risk of transmission,reinfection.

关键词： Wastewater infection. Canadian

Research on the Challenges Facing Curriculum Developers in Transitioning from Offline to Online Teacher Training:A Case Study of the National Institute for Educational Development in Namibia

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Research on the Challenges Facing Curriculum Developers in T...

作者： LILUNGWE steve NYAMBE 浙江师范大学

学位级别：硕士

The National Institute for Educational Development(NIED)is a directorate within the Ministry of Basic Education,Arts and Culture(Mo EAC)in the republic of *** was established by act of parliament in 1990 to be responsible for the development and spearheading of basic education reform or the national curriculum for schools from pre-primary to grade 12/ advanced ***'s also responsible for the continuous professional development of *** to the poor economic status of the country and other emergencies such as pandemics,the ministry has put directives or changed the policy to discourage travelling allowances for staff members to conduct face-to-face workshops and seminars due to budgetary constraints;the National Institute for Educational Development(NIED)adopted the use of online mode to conduct continuous professional development of *** objective of this study was to describe internal,external and individual challenges faced by curriculum developers in terms of education provision to transition from offline to online teacher *** study was guided by three fundamental research questions,namely;what are the challenges facing curriculum developers in terms of education provision in transitioning from offline to online teacher training,what are the challenges facing curriculum developers in conducting teacher training using online medium and what are the suggestions from different departments and Institutions on how to solve the challenges faced by curriculum developers in using online medium to train teachers? A qualitative and quantitative research method was used in this study to extract quality findings from 43 participants which were selected from the two divisions of curriculum development and professional *** research identified key challenges as lack of an adequate supply of ICT resources,lack of quality internet service providers,lack of training on the usage of the Clevertouch smart screen,lack of knowledge

关键词： Curriculum Developers Transition Online Teacher Training

Measuring the Student Group Capacity for Obtaining Geometric Information in the van Hiele Developmental Thought Process:A Fuzzy Approach

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模糊系统与数学 2002年第3期16卷 81-86页

作者： steve C. Perdikaris Technological Educational Institute of Messologi 希腊 Messologi

The student group possibilistic uncertainty in the van Hiele process of geometric reasoning is considered as the student group capacity for obtaining geometric information. Hence, the student group capacity for obtaining geometric information can be measured by the total possibilistic uncertainty T(r) of an ordered possibility distribution. The capacities of three student groups are found by calculating the total possibilistic uncertainties of these groups. These capacity values set an expectation of future group performance. Future research indications of how the total possibilistic uncertainty may be applied to other models of learning and development will help to establish it as a viable measure in educational psychology.

关键词： Van-Hiele水平理论几何推理教学模糊数据处理估计

Practical starter pig amino acid requirements in relation to immunity,gut health and growth performance

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 251-261页

作者： Bob Goodband Mike Tokach steve Dritz Joel DeRouchey Jason Woodworth Department of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicineKansas State University

Immune system activation begins a host of physiological responses. Infectious agents are recognized by monocytes and macrophages which in turn stimulate cytokine production. It is the hormone-like factors called cytokines that orchestrate the immune response. The classic responses observed with immune system activation and cytokine production include： anorexia, fever, lethargy, recruitment of other immune cells, and phagocytosis. While production of immune system components is known to require some amino acids, increases in amino acid requirements are more than offset by the associated decrease in protein accretion and increased muscle protein degradation that also accompanies immune system activation. However, the biggest impact of cytokine production is a decrease in feed intake. Therefore, as feed intake decreases, the energy needed to drive protein synthesis is also decreased. This suggests that diets should still be formulated on a similar calorie：lysine ratio as those formulated for non-immune challenged pigs. The evidence is sparse or equivocal for increasing nutrient requirements during an immune challenge. Nutritionists and swine producers should resist the pressure to alter the diet, limit feed, or add expensive feed additives during an immune challenge. While immune stimulation does not necessitate changes in diet formulation, when pigs are challenged with non-pathogenic diarrhea there are potential advantages on gut health with the increased use of crystalline amino acids rather than intact protein sources （i.e., soybean meal）. This is because reducing crude protein decreases the quantity of fermentable protein entering the large intestine, which lowers post weaning diarrhea. It also lowers the requirement for expensive specialty protein sources or other protein sources such as soybean meal that present immunological challenges to the gut. The objective of this review is two-fold. The first is to discuss immunity by nutrition interactions, or lack thereo

关键词： Amino acids Immunity Pigs Requirements

Epitranscriptomics of cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第3期9卷 42-55页

作者： Marina Tusup Thomas Kundig steve Pascolo Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Zürich Faculty of Medicine University of Zurich

The functional impact of modifications of cellular RNAs,including m RNAs,mi RNAs and lnc RNAs,is a field of intense *** role of such modifications in cancer has started to be *** and sometimes opposite effects of RNA modifications have been *** RNA modifications promote,while ot-hers decrease the growth and invasiveness of *** present manuscript reviews the current knowledge on the potential impacts of N6-Methyladenosine,Pse-udouridine,Inosine,2’O-methylation or methylcytidine in cancer’s *** also highlights the remaining qu-estions and provides hints on research avenues and potential therapeutic applications,whereby modulating dynamic RNA modifications may be a new method to treat cancer.

关键词： RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine 5-methylcytidine 2’O-methylation or methylcytidine Pseudouridine Inosine