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Update of transmission modelling and projections of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in the Mandoul focus, Chad

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 34-46页

作者： Kat S.Rock Ching-I Huang Ronald E.Crump Paul R.Bessell Paul E.Brown Inaki Tirados Philippe Solano Marina Antillon Albert Picado Severin Mbainda justin Darnas Emily H.Crowley steve j.torr Mallaye Peka Mathematics Institute University of WarwickAcademic Loop RoadCoventryCV47ALUK Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology&Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research(SBIDER) University of WarwickAcademic Loop RoadCoventryCV47ALUK Independent Consultant EdinburghUK Department of Vector Biology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UMR INTERTRYP IRD-CIRADUniversitéde Montpellier34398MontpellierFrance Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics(FIND) GenevaSwitzerland Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine(PNLTHA) MoundouChad

Background:In recent years,a programme of vector control,screening and treatment of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis(gHAT)infections led to a rapid decline in cases in the Mandoul focus of *** represent the biology of transmission between humans and tsetse,we previously developed a mechanistic transmission model,fitted to data between 2000 and 2013 which suggested that transmission was interrupted by *** present study outlines refinements to the model to:(1)Assess whether elimination of transmission has already been achieved despite low-level case reporting;(2)quantify the role of intensified interventions in transmission reduction;and(3)predict the trajectory of gHAT in Mandoul for the next decade under different ***:Our previous gHAT transmission model for Mandoul was updated using human case data(2000-2019)and a series of model *** include how diagnostic specificity is incorporated into the model and improvements to the fitting method(increased variance in observed case reporting and how underreporting and improvements to passive screening are captured).A side-by-side comparison of fitting to case data was performed between the ***:We estimated that passive detection rates have increased due to improvements in diagnostic availability in fixed health facilities since 2015,by 2.1-fold for stage 1 detection,and 1.5-fold for stage *** find that whilst the diagnostic algorithm for active screening is estimated to be highly specific(95%credible interval(CI):99.9-100%,Specificity=99.9%),the high screening and low infection levels mean that some recently reported cases with no parasitological confirmation might be false *** also find that the focus-wide tsetse reduction estimated through model fitting(95%CI:96.1-99.6%,Reduction=99.1%)is comparable to the reduction previously measured by the decline in tsetse catches from monitoring *** line with previous results,the model suggests that transmission was

关键词： Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) Modelling Elimination of transmission Validation Tsetse Vector control Glossina Diagnostics

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Different people,different wild:Comparing and mapping wilderness representation in Wuyishan National Park,China

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 144-156页

作者： Aifang Weng Lingyun Liao Yue Cao steve Carver Li Lin Siyuan Shen Zhengduo Xu jianwen Dong Siren Lan Rui Yang College of Landscape Architecture and Art Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China College of Geographical Science Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China Institute of Wuyishan National Park Fuzhou 350002China Department of Landscape Architecture School of ArchitectureTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for National Parks Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Wildland Research Institute School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK

It is essential to better integrate wilderness representations of different stakeholders into wilderness *** way in which local residents and other stakeholders frame the construction of wilderness of protected areas in developing countries are poorly *** these areas,land use policy and decision may lead to *** study aims to explore existing public wilderness representations using a questionnaire survey(n=514)administered amongst tourists and other stakeholders in the Wuyishan National Park,in southeast *** spatial differences in public representations of wilderness across different stakeholder groups were compared against expert *** found that integrated wilderness representation maps of different stakeholder groups were consistent,namely'area where wild animals live','area with no human influence','a barren and lonely area'.However,three sub-representations of the individual stakeholders varied ***,expert-based wilderness mapping did not reflect public representations accurately,and an integrated wilder-ness quality map considering wilderness representations across both stakeholders and experts can better identify detailed wilderness *** study provides new insights and technical support for future exploration of wilder-ness conservation and mapping in China and other countries with insufficient awareness of wilderness values and investigations in a regional scale.

关键词： Wilderness mapping Public participation Environment perception Protected areas

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Confirmation of a Sub-Saturn-size Transiting Exoplanet Orbiting a G Dwarf:TOI-1194 b and a Very Low Mass Companion Star: TOI-1251 B from TESS

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 129-143页

作者： jia-Qi Wang Xiao-jun jiang jie Zheng Hanna Kellermann Arno Riffeser Liang Wang Karen A.Collins Allyson Bieryla Lars A.Buchhave steve B.Howell Elise Furlan Eric Girardin joao Gregorio Eric jensen Felipe Murgas Mesut Yilmaz Sam Quinn Xing Gao Ruo-Yu Zhou Frank Grupp Hui-juan Wang CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy Of SciencesBeijing 10010China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University Observatory Munich Scheinertrsse 1.D-81679 MunichGemany Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr.1D-85748 GarchingGermany National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China Center for Astrophysics Harvard&Smithsonian60 Garden Street.CambridgeMA 02138USA National Space Institute Technical University of DenmarkElektrovejDK-2800 KgsLyngbyDenmark NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA NASA Exoplanet Science Institute Caltech/IPACMail Code 100-221200 E.California Blvd.PasadenaCA91125USA Grand Pra Observatory Switzerland Department of Physics Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63130.USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmorePA 19081USA Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias(IAC) E-38205 La Laguna.TenerifeSpain Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La LagunaSpain Dept.of Astronomy and Space Sciences Ankara UniversityTandogan 06100AnkaraTurkey Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Urumqi No.1 Senior High School Urumqi 830002China Lijiang Gemini Observatory Lijiang 674199China

We report the confirmation of a sub-Saturn-size exoplanet,TOI-1194 b,with a mass of about 0.456+0.055-0.051M_(j),and a very low mass companion star with a mass of about 96.5±1.5 Mj,TOI-1251 *** candidates provided by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS)are suitable for further follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes with small and medium *** analysis is performed based on data from several telescopes worldwide,including telescopes in the Sino-German multiband photometric campaign,which aimed at confirming TESS Objects of Interest(TOIs)using ground-based small-aperture and medium-aperture telescopes,especially for long-period ***-1194 b is confirmed based on the consistent periodic transit depths from the multiband photometric *** measure an orbital period of 2.310644±0.000001 days,the radius is 0.767+0.045-0.041Rj and the amplitude of the RV curve is 69.4_(-7.3)^(+7.9)m s^(-1).TOI-1251 B is confirmed based on the multiband photometric and high-resolution spectroscopic data,whose orbital period is 5.963054+0.000002-0.000001days,radius is 0.947+0.035-0.033 R_(j) and amplitude of the RV curve is 9849_(-40)^(+42)ms^(-1).

关键词： planets and satellites fundamental parameters-planets and satellites gaseous planets-stars fundamental parameters-stars low-mass-methods data analysis-techniques photometric-techniques spectroscopic

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Exome sequencing identifies a likely causative variant in 53%of families with ciliopathy-related features on renal ultrasound after excluding NPHP1 deletions

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 40-43页

作者： Konstantin Deutsch Verena Klambt Thomas M.Kitzler Tilman jobst-Schwan Ronen Schneider Florian Buerger steve Seltzsam Sherif El Desoky jameela A.Kari Farkhanda Hafeez Maria Szczepanska Loai A.Eid Hazem S.Awad Muna Al-Saffar Neveen A.Soliman Velibor Tasic Camille Nicolas-Frank Kirollos Yousef Luca M.Schierbaum Sophia Schneider Abdul Halawi Izzeldin Elmubarak Katharina Lemberg Shirlee Shril Shrikant M.Mane Nancy Rodig Friedhelm Hildebrandt Division of Nephrology Department of PediatricsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nephrology and Metabolic DiseasesCharite Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlin 13353Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charitee Universitatsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBIH Charite Clinician Scientist ProgramBerlin 10178Germany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension FriedrichAlexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergErlangen 91054Germany Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityPediatric Nephrology Center of ExcellenceKing Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Nephrology The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child HealthLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical Sciences in ZabrzeMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-752Poland Dubai Hospital and Al-jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital Kidney Center of ExcellenceDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Department of Genetics and Genomics UAE UniversityAbu Dhabi 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics Center of Pediatric Nephrology and TransplantationKasr Al Ainy School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine(ECRRM) Cairo 11511Egypt Medical Faculty Skopje University Children’s HospitalSkopje 1000North Macedonia Department of Genetics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520USA

Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies(NPHP-RC)represent one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life and are characterized by a broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity.1 To date,more than 90 genes have been identified that cause autosomalrecessive NPHP-RC if mutated,accounting for up to 60%of cases.1 Among these,homozygous deletions of NPHP1 are the most common *** genes localize to primary cilia,basal bodies,or the centrosome and lead to a primary ciliary disruption if mutated,thereby causing a broad phenotypical spectrum.1 Patients that suffer from NPHP-RC can either have an isolated renal phenotype,such as polyuria,polydipsia,decreased urinary concentration ability,and secondary enuresis due to loss of tubular function,or present with extrarenal symptoms including retinal degeneration,cerebellar vermis hypoplasia,or hepatic *** are often diagnosed in early adolescence,reaching end-stage renal disease before 25 years of age,but early onset and rapidly progressive forms of NPHP-RC also exist.1 Renal ultrasound indicates kidneys of normal or reduced renal length with increased echogenicity and corticomedullary cysts.

关键词： degeneration urinary likely

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Fourier coefficients of restrictions of eigenfunctions

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Science China Mathematics 2023年第8期66卷 1849-1878页

作者： Emmett L.Wyman Yakun Xi steve Zelditch Department of Mathematics University of RochesterRochesterNY 14627USA School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Mathematics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Let{e_(j)}be an orthonormal basis of Laplace eigenfunctions of a compact Riemannian manifold(M,g).Let H■M be a submanifold and{ψ_(k)}be an orthonormal basis of Laplace eigenfunctions of H with the induced *** obtain joint asymptotics for the Fourier coefficientsj),ψ_(k)>L^(2)(H)=∫He_(j),ψ_(k)dV_(H)of restrictionsγHe_(j)of e_(j)to *** particular,we obtain asymptotics for the sums of the norm-squares of the Fourier coefficients over the joint spectrum{(μ_(k),λ_(j))}^(∞)_(j,k-0)of the(square roots of the)Laplacian△_(M)on M and the Laplacian△_(H)on H in a family of suitably‘thick'regions in R^(2).Thick regions include(1)the truncated coneμ_(k)/λ_(j)∈[a,b]■(0,1)andλ_(j)≤λ,and(2)the slowly thickening strip|μ_(k)-cλ_(j)|≤w(λ)andλ_(j)≤λ,where w(λ)is monotonic and 1■w(λ)≤λ^(1/2).Key tools for obtaining the asymptotics include the composition calculus of Fourier integral operators and a new multidimensional Tauberian theorem.

关键词： eigenfunctions period integrals Kuznecov formula

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Inverse Design of Strained Graphene Surfaces for Electron Control

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Communications in Computational Physics 2023年第6期33卷 235-260页

作者： Francois Fillion-Gourdeau Emmanuel Lorin steve Maclean Institute for Quantum Computing University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanadaN2L 3G1 School of Mathematics and Statistics Carleton UniversityOttawaCanadaK1S 5B6 Centre de Recherches Mathematiques Universite de MontrealMontrealCanadaH3T 1J4

This paper is devoted to the inverse design of strained graphene surfaces for the control of electrons in the semi-classical optical-like *** that charge carriers are described by the Dirac equation in curved-space and exploiting the fact that wave propagation can be described by ray-optics in this regime,a general computational strategy is proposed in order to find strain fields associated with a desired effective refractive index *** latter is first determined by solving semi-classical trajectories and by optimizing a chosen objective functional using a genetic ***,the graded refractive index corresponding to the strain field is obtained by using its connection to the metric component in isothermal *** coordinates are evaluated via numerical quasiconformal transformations by solving the Beltrami equation with a finite volume *** graphene surface deformation is finally optimized,also using a genetic algorithm,to reproduce the desired index of *** analytical results and numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the methodology.

关键词： Graphene isothermal coordinates Beltrami equation gravitational lens waveguide finite volume method genetic algorithm Dirac equation

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Predicting electronic structures at any length scale with machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1176-1185页

作者： Lenz Fiedler Normand A.Modine steve Schmerler Dayton j.Vogel Gabriel A.Popoola Aidan P.Thompson Sivasankaran Rajamanickam Attila Cangi Center for Advanced Systems Understanding D-02826 GörlitzGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf D-01328 DresdenGermany Computational Materials and Data Science Sandia National Laboratories1515 Eubank BlvdAlbuquerque 87123 NMUSA Elder Research Inc.300 West Main StreetCharlottesville 22903 VAUSA Center for Computing Research Sandia National Laboratories1515 Eubank BlvdAlbuquerque 87123 NMUSA

The properties of electrons in matter are of fundamental *** give rise to virtually all material properties and determine the physics at play in objects ranging from semiconductor devices to the interior of giant gas *** and simulation of such diverse applications rely primarily on density functional theory(DFT),which has become the principal method for predicting the electronic structure of *** DFT calculations have proven to be very useful,their computational scaling limits them to small *** have developed a machine learning framework for predicting the electronic structure on any length *** shows up to three orders of magnitude speedup on systems where DFT is tractable and,more importantly,enables predictions on scales where DFT calculations are *** work demonstrates how machine learning circumvents a long-standing computational bottleneck and advances materials science to frontiers intractable with any current solutions.

关键词： electronic interior frontier

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The Numerical Inversion of the Laplace Transform in a Multi-Precision Environment

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Applied Mathematics 2022年第5期13卷 401-418页

作者： Colin L. Defreitas steve j. Kane School of Physics Astronomy and Mathematics University of Hertfordshire Hertfordshire UK

This paper examines the performance of five algorithms for numerically inverting the Laplace transform, in standard, 16-digit and multi-precision environments. The algorithms are taken from three of the four main classes of numerical methods used to invert the Laplace transform. Because the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform is a perturbed problem, rounding errors which are generated in numerical approximations can adversely affect the accurate reconstruction of the inverse transform. This paper demonstrates that working in a multi-precision environment can substantially reduce these errors and the resulting perturbations exist in transforming the data from the s-space into the time domain and in so doing overcome the main drawback of numerically inverting the Laplace transform. Our main finding is that both the Talbot and the accelerated Gaver functionals perform considerably better in a multi-precision environment increasing the advantages of using Laplace transform methods over time-stepping procedures in solving diffusion and more generally parabolic partial differential equations.

关键词： Laplace Transform Perturbation Numerical Inversion Multi-Precision Stehfest Talbot

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Number of COVID-19 cases required in a population to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater in the province of Alberta, Canada:Sensitivity assessment

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 843-850页

作者： Qiaozhi Li Bonita E.Lee Tiejun Gao Yuanyuan Qiu Erik Ellehoj jiaao Yu Mathew Diggle Graham Tipples Rasha Maal-Bared Deena Hinshaw Christopher Sikora Nicholas j.Ashbolt james Talbot steve E.Hrudey Xiaoli Pang School of Public Health University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1C9Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2B7Canada University of Alberta Central Receiving EdmontonAlbertaT6G 2R3Canada Provincial Laboratory for Public Health EdmontonAlbertaCanada EPCOR EdmontonAB T5H 0E8Canada Department of Medicine University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2G3Canada Faculty of Science and Engineering Southern Cross UniversityEast Lismore NSW 2480Australia

With a unique and large size of testing results of 1,842 samples collected from 12 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) for 14 months through from low to high prevalence of COVID-19,the sensitivity of RT-qPCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater that correspond to the communities was computed by using Probit *** study determined the number of new COVID-19 cases per 100,000 population required to detect SARS-CoV-2RNA in wastewater at defined probabilities and provided an evidence-based framework of wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance (WBE).Input data were positive and negative test results of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater samples and the corresponding new COVID-19 case rates per 100,000 population served by each *** analyses determined that RT-qPCR-based SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection threshold at 50%,80%and 99%probability required a median of 8 (range:4-19),18 (9-43),and 38 (17-97) of new COVID-19 cases/100,000,***,the positive detection rate at 50%,80%and 99%probability were 0.01%,0.02%,and 0.04%averagely for new cases in the *** study improves understanding of the performance of WBE SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection using the large datasets and prolonged study *** COVID-19 burden at a community level that would result in a positive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater is critical to support WBE application as a supplementary warning/monitoring system for COVID-19 prevention and control.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 cases Wastewater Probit analysis Probability Detection sensitivity

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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi jiang Alyssa j.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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