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Melting of hydrous pyroxenites with alkali amphiboles in the continental mantle:*** element compositions of melts and minerals

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 50-68页

作者： stephen F.Foley Isra S.Ezad School of Natural Sciences Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNew South Wales 2109Australia Research School of Earth Sciences Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

The trace element compositions of melts and minerals from high-pressure experiments on hydrous pyroxenites containing K-richterite are presented. The experiments used mixtures of a third each of the natural minerals clinopyroxene, phlogopite and K-richterite, some with the addition of 5% of an accessory phase ilmenite, rutile or apatite. Although the major element compositions of melts resemble natural lamproites, the trace element contents of most trace elements from the three-mineral mixture are much lower than in lamproites. Apatite is required in the source to provide high abundances of the rare earth elements, and either rutile and/or ilmenite is required to provide the high field strength elements Ti, Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf. Phlogopite controls the high levels of Rb, Cs and *** abundances of trace elements in the various starting mixtures vary strongly because of the use of natural minerals, we calculated mineral/melt partition coefficients (DMin/melt) using mineral modes and melting reactions and present trace element patterns for different degrees of partial melting of hydrous pyroxenites. Rb, Cs and Ba are compatible in phlogopite and the partition coefficient ratio phlogopite/K-richterite is high for Ba (136) and Rb (12). All melts have low contents of most of the first row transition elements, particularly Ni and Cu ((0.1-0.01)×primitive mantle). Nickel has high DMin/melt for all the major minerals (12 for K-richterite, 9.2 for phlogopite and 5.6 for Cpx) and so behaves at least as compatibly as in melting of peridotites. Fluorine/chlorine ratios in melts are high and DMin/melt for fluorine decreases in the order apatite (2.2) > phlogopite (1.5) > K-richterite (0.87). The requirement for apatite and at least one Ti-oxide in the source of natural lamproites holds for mica pyroxenites that lack K-richterite. The results are used to model isotopic ageing in hydrous pyroxenite source rocks: phlogopite controls Sr isotopes, so that lamproites with relatively l

关键词： Hydrous pyroxenite Lamproite Trace elements Phlogopite K-richterite Apatite

Measurement of very low-molecular weight metabolites by traveling wave ion mobility and its use in human urine samples

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第5期14卷 733-743页

作者： Alongkorn Kurilung Suphitcha Limjiasahapong Khwanta Kaewnarin Pattipong Wisanpitayakorn Narumol Jariyasopit Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak Sitanan Sartyoungkul stephen Choong Chee Wong Nuankanya Sathirapongsasuti Chagriya Kitiyakara Yongyut Sirivatanauksorn Sakda Khoomrung Siriraj Center of Research Excellent in Metabolomics and Systems Biology(SiCORE-MSB) Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10700Thailand Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10700Thailand Department of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockAR72205USA SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Biodiversity Medicine National Cancer Centre Singapore168583Singapore Waters Pacific Pte. Ltd.Singapore117528Singapore Program in Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversitySamut Prakan10540Thailand Department of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10700Thailand Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC) Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand

The collision cross-sections(CCS)measurement using ion mobility spectrometry(IMS)in combination with mass spectrometry(MS)offers a great opportunity to increase confidence in metabolite ***,owing to the lack of sensitivity and resolution,IMS has an analytical challenge in studying the CCS values of very low-molecular-weight metabolites(VLMs250 Da).Here,we describe an analytical method using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)coupled to a traveling wave ion mobility-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer optimized for the measurement of VLMs in human urine *** experimental CCS values,along with mass spectral properties,were reported for the 174 *** experimental data included the mass-to-charge ratio(m/z),retention time(RT),tandem MS(MS/MS)spectra,and CCS *** the studied metabolites,263 traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry(TWIMS)-derived CCS values(TWCCSN2)were reported for the first time,and more than 70%of these were CCS values of *** TWCCSN2 values were highly repeatable,with inter-day variations of<1%relative standard deviation(RSD).The developed method revealed excellent TWCCSN2 accuracy with a CCS difference(DCCS)within±2%of the reported drift tube IMS(DTIMS)and TWIMS CCS *** complexity of the urine matrix did not affect the precision of the method,as evidenced by DCCS within±1.92%.According to the Metabolomics Standards Initiative,55 urinary metabolites were identified with a confidence level of *** these 55 metabolites,53(96%)were *** larger number of confirmed compounds found in this study was a result of the addition of TWCCSN2 values,which clearly increased metabolite identification confidence.

关键词： Very low-molecular-weight metabolites Traveling wave ion mobility Collision cross-section Human urine

A brief history of the Compendium of Physical Activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth stephen D.Herrmann David R.Jacobs Jr. Melicia C.Whitt-Glover Catrine Tudor-Locke School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was developed to address consistent assignment of physical activity(PA)intensity values used in PA epidemiology research of the association between PA and health outcomes.1The known protective effects of PA on incident health outcomes traces to the mid-1900s,with over 50 studies examining coronary heart disease(CHD)as the outcome of interest.

关键词： epidemiology Activities protective

From non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease:Rationale and implications for the new terminology

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第6期16卷 863-866页

作者： stephen David Howard Malnick Doron Zamir Department of Internal Medicine C Kaplan Medical CenterRehovot 76100Israel Department of Internal Medicine D Barzilai Medical CenterAshkelon 7830604Israel

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)was the term first used to describe hepatic steatosis in patients with the metabolic syndrome who did not consume excess amounts of *** liver disease(ALD)has many similarities to NAFLD in both pathogenesis and *** entity is now the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide as a consequence of the epidemic of *** to incorporate the importance of the metabolic syndrome in the development of steatosis resulted in the renaming of NAFLD as metabolic-associated fatty liver *** new term,however,has the disadvantage of the use of terms that may be perceived as *** terms fatty and non-alcoholic have negative connotations in many *** addition,non-alcoholic is not usually a term applicable to pediatric cases of hepatic ***,an international collaborative effort,with participants from 56 countries,after a global consultation process,recommended to change the nomenclature to steatotic liver disease-including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,metabolic-associated steatohepatitis and metabolic dysfunction-associated *** new terminology is consistent with most of the previously published epidemiological studies and will have a major impact on research into diagnosis,prognosis and treatment.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatosis metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease Nomenclature

Key technologies for wireless network digital twin towards smart railways

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Ke Guan Xinghai Guo Danping He Philipp Svoboda Marion Berbineau stephen Wang Bo Ai Zhangdui Zhong Markus Rupp State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Christian Doppler Laboratory for Digital Twin Assisted AI for Sustainable Radio Access Networks Institute of TelecommunicationsTU WienVienna 1040Austria UniversitéGustave Eiffel COSYSLEOSTVilleneuve d′Ascq 59650France VIAVI Marconi Labs VIAVI SolutionsStevenage SG12ANUK Institute of Telecommunications TU WienVienna 1040Austria

An emerging railway technology called smart railway promises to deliver higher transportation efficiency,enhanced comfort in services,and greater *** smart railway is expected to integrate fifth-generation mobile communication(5G),Artificial Intelligence(AI),and other technologies,which poses new problems in the construction,operation and maintenance of railway wireless *** Digital Twins(DTs),which have recently emerged as a new paradigm for the design of wireless networks,can address these problems and enable the whole lifecycle management of railway wireless ***,there are still many scientific issues and challenges for railway-oriented wireless *** key technologies to solve these problems are introduced and described,including characterization of materials'physical-EM properties,autonomous reconstruction of Three-dimensional(3D)environment model,AI-empowered environmental cognition,Ray-Tracing(RT),model-based and AIbased RT acceleration,and generation of multi-spectra sensing ***,this paper presents our research results for each key technology and describes the wireless network planning and optimization system based on highperformance RT developed by our *** paper outlines the framework for realizing the wireless DT of smart railways,providing the direction for future research.

关键词： Digital twin Smart railways Ray tracing Channel characterization

创造下一个Wordle 扑克牌、国际象棋、围棋、大富翁——这四个词语有哪些共通之处?

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第3期 36-37,50页

作者： Chris morris 不详

你的推特(或称X)和脸书动态已经充满了Wordle字谜游戏狂热玩家的绿色、黄色与灰色格子,但接下来你将会常看到另一种不同的格子。自从去年推出测试版以来就越来越受欢迎的游戏Connections,在《纽约时报》的解谜游戏库中成了一个成熟的新... 详细信息

你的推特(或称X)和脸书动态已经充满了Wordle字谜游戏狂热玩家的绿色、黄色与灰色格子,但接下来你将会常看到另一种不同的格子。自从去年推出测试版以来就越来越受欢迎的游戏Connections,在《纽约时报》的解谜游戏库中成了一个成熟的新成员。

关键词：围棋国际象棋《纽约时报》大富翁测试版扑克牌字谜游戏

Early Syphilis Presenting as Thickened Penile Plaques With an Embedded Recurrent Ulcer (Chancre Redux): A Case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 160-162页

作者： stephen C.Davies Rodney Hannaford Joseph Cotter Northern Sydney Sexual Health Service Northern Sydney Local Health DistrictSt LeonardsNSW 2065Australia Northern Beaches Dermatology Mona ValeNSW 2103Australia

Introduction:The manifestations of syphilis are varied,and serology can establish the diagnosis early,especially in rare *** report a case of chancre redux(a rare recurrence of primary syphilis),which was embedded within a secondary syphilitic penile skin *** were missed opportunities at earlier diagnosis as serology for syphilis was not *** presentation:A 56-year-old man presented with thickened penile plaques for five *** reported a small penile ulcer approximately one month *** was no history of other skin lesions or ***,clinically there was an asymptomatic,indurated ulcer embedded within a plaque which was swab-positive for syphilis by PCR.A punch biopsy of a plaque was spirochaete-positive using an immunoperoxidase *** patient’s lesions resolved three weeks after treatment with intramuscular benzathine ***:Uncommonly reported even in the preantibiotic era,chancre redux is now *** ulcer usually recurs at or near the site of the original chancre,and has similar morphological *** skin lesions of secondary syphilis can exhibit remarkable morphological *** most common skin manifestation,a generalized macular rash,was not present at any time in this ***,there were only a couple of nonspecific penile *** biopsy is performed,histologic findings are variable,though typically the inflammatory infiltrate includes plasma cells.A special immunoperoxidase stain can highlight spirochaetes in biopsy ***:This case highlights the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of persistent,atypical penile lesions and underscores the need for appropriate serological testing in such instances.

关键词： primary syphilis secondary syphilis chancre redux immunohistochemistry immunoperoxidase genital rash

Connected Components in Bipolar Fuzzy Digital Plane

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第7期14卷 546-555页

作者： stephen Macharia Gathigi Moses Nderitu Gichuki Kewamoi Chesire Sogomo Department of Mathematics Egerton University Nakuru Kenya

The concepts of connectedness play a critical role in digital picture segmentation and analyses. However, the crisp nature of set theory imposes hard boundaries that restrict the extension of the underlying topological notions and results. Whilst fuzzy set theory was introduced to address this inherent drawback, most human processes are not just fuzzy but also double-sided. Most phenomena will exhibit both a positive side and a negative side. Therefore, it is not enough to have a theory that addresses imprecision, uncertainty and ambiguity;rather, the theory must also be able to model polarity. Hence the study of bipolar fuzzy theory is of potential significance in an attempt to model real-life phenomena. This paper extends some concepts of fuzzy digital topology to bipolar fuzzy subsets including some important basic properties such as connectedness and surroundedness.

关键词： Fuzzy Bipolar Fuzzy Digital Topology

Cost burden following esophagectomy:A single centre observational study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2255-2269页

作者： Vered Buchholz Dong Kyu Lee David S Liu Ahmad Aly stephen A Barnett Riley Hazard Peter Le Benjamin Kioussis Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Laurence Weinberg Department of Surgery Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalSeoul 14566GoyangSouth Korea Department of Surgery Austin HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Anesthesia Austin HospitalHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Critical Care The University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Cost analyses of patients undergoing esophagectomy is valuable for identifying modifiable expenditure drivers to target and curtail costs while improving the quality of *** aimed to define the cost-complication relationship after esophagectomy and delineate the incremental contributions to *** To assess the relationship between the hospital costs and potential cost drivers post esophagectomy and investigate the relationship between the cost-driving variables(predicting variables)and hospital costs(dependent variable).METHODS In this retrospective single center study,the severity of complications was graded using the Clavien-Dindo(CD)classification *** esophagectomy complications were categorized and defined according to consensus *** costing data included the in-hospital costs of the index admission and any unplanned admission within 30 postoperative *** used correlation analysis to assess the relationship between key clinical variables and hospital costs(in United States dollars)to identify cost drivers.A mediation model was used to investigate the relationship between these variables and hospital *** A total of 110 patients underwent primary esophageal *** median admission cost was $47822.7(interquartile range:35670.2-68214.0).The total effects on costs were $13593.9(95%CI:10187.1-17000.8,P<0.001)for each increase in CD severity grade,$4781(95%CI:3772.7-5789.3,P<0.001)for each increase in the number of complications,and $42552.2(95%CI:8309-76795.4,P=0.015)if a key esophagectomy complication *** esophagectomy complications drove the costs directly by $11415.7(95%CI:992.5-21838.9,P=0.032).CONCLUSION The severity and number of complications,and the development of key esophagectomy complications significantly contributed to total hospital *** institutional initiatives and strategies are needed to enhance patient outcomes and minimize costs.

关键词： Anesthesia Esophagectomy Complications Cancer Surgery