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Effects of improved amino acid balance diet on lysine mammary utilization, whole body protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown on lactating sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第05期 2031-2043页

作者： Sai Zhang Juan c.Marini Vengai Mavangira Andrew claude Julie Moore Mahmoud A.Mohammad Nathalie l.Trottier department of Animal Science Michigan State University State Key laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition Institute of Animal Science Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences USdA/ARS children's Nutrition Research center and Pediatric critical care Medicine Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine department of large Animal clinical Sciences Michigan State University

Background The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein(cP) diet with crystalline amino acids(cAA) supplementation improves lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown. Eighteen lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy): control(cON; 19.24% cP) and reduced cP with “optimal” AA profile(OPT; 14.00% cP). Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1, 14, 18, and 21 of lactation. Between d 14 and 18, a subset of 9 sows(cON = 4, OPT = 5) was infused with a mixed solution of 3-[methyl-2H3]histidine(bolus injection) and [13c]bicarbonate(priming dose) first, then a constant 2-h [13c]bicarbonate infusion followed by a 6-h primed constant [1-13c]lysine infusion. Serial blood and milk sampling were performed to determine plasma and milk lys enrichment, lys oxidation rate, whole body protein turnover, and muscle protein *** Over the 21-d lactation period, compared to cON, sows fed OPT had greater litter growth rate(P compared to cON, sows fed OPT had greater efficiency of lys(P lys mammary flux(P d whole-body protein turnover efficiency(P compared to cON, sows fed OPT tended to have lower whole body protein breakdown rate(P = 0.069). Muscle protein breakdown rate did not differ between OPT and cON(P = 0.197).conclusion Feeding an improved AA balance diet increased efficiency of lys and reduced whole-body protein turnover and protein breakdown. These results imply that the lower maternal N retention observed in lactating sows fed improved AA balance diets in previous studies may be a result of greater partitioning of AA towards milk rather than greater body protein breakdown.

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One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)li,^(5)li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-long Zhang Zhen-Wei Jiao Guang-Xin Zhang E.N.cardozo B.Paes Shi-Peng Hu Jian-Qiang Qian daniele Mengoni Wei-Wei Qu cong-Bo li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin Sun Nan Wang chun-lei Zhang J.J.Valiente-dobón d.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino c.Parascandolo d.Pierroutsakou M.la commara A.Goasduff d.Bazzacco d.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin Gde Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.lenzi S.Akkoyun l.F.canto J.lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil laboratorio TANdAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly State Key laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China china Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China laboratori Nazionali di legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 MeV using the in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states,which were employed to determine the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the^(6)li+^(209)Bi system,but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was performed to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism,and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)li,^(5)li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei cross section

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Anti-obesity effects of fucoidan from Sargassum thunbergii in adipocytes and high fat diet induced obese mice through inhibiting adipogenic specific transcription factor

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1608-1616页

作者： Hyo-Geun lee H.H.A.c.K.Jayawardhana Fengqi Yang d.P.Nagahawaththa N.M.liyanage Kyung-Mo Song Yun-Sang choi Seung-Hong lee You-Jin Jeon Min-cheol Kang department of Marine life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Marine Science Institute Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Research Group of Food Processing Korea Food Research InstituteWanju 55365Republic of Korea department of Pharmoceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

The prevalence of obesity has increased and is a health concern *** to the concerns regarding synthetic anti-obesity treatments,nowadays natural products become a *** studies proved that there is a potential to use marine algae as anti-obesity ***,in this study,the lipid inhibitory effect of crude polysaccharide of amyloglucosidase-assisted hydrolysate from Sargassum thunbergii(STAc)and its fucoidan fractions(STAFs)on 3T3-l1 cells and high-fat diet(HFd)-induced obese mice were *** to the results,the STAF3,showed the highest xylose content and exhibited significant inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation by downregulating adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in 3T3-l1 ***,oral supplementation with STAc significantly declined gain in body weight and fat weight,and serum lipid contents in an HFd-induced obesity mouse *** and chemical characterizations demonstrated that puritied STAF3 has consistent surface morphology and small particle size,with similar structural characteristics as commercial ***,these results indicate that STAc and purified STAF3 from Sargassum thunbergia is a potent source to develop as ananti-obesity agents or functional food products to counter obesity.

关键词： Sargassum thunbergii Fucoidan Anti-obesity Anti-steatosis

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMIlE Mission

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.l.Alme d.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli c.Bicknell c.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.crawford J.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.canchal J.A.carter A.cheney Y.collado-Vega H.connor T.crawford N.Eaton c.Feldman c.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov c.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey d.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.d.Kuntz c.lakin G.laky O.lylund A.Martindale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer c.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel J.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad c.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman d.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh d.Walton c.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEc European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied Physics laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight centre MD 20771USA center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China centro de Astrobiologia(cAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere link Explorer(SMIlE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the chinese Academy of Sciences(cAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMIlE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind charge eXchange(SWcX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMIlE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,china and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area ccd

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A Method for Evaluating the Maximum Bending degree of Flexural Toppling Rock Masses Based on the Rock Tensile Strain-Softening Model

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1243-1253页

作者： Jiongchao Wang Jun Zheng Jichao Guo Qing lü Jianhui deng department of civil Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310007China State Key laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Flexural toppling occurs when a series of layered rock masses bend towards their free *** is important to evaluate the maximum bending degree and the requirement of supports of flexural toppling rock mass to prevent rock mass cracking and even failure leading to a *** on the rock tensile strain-softening model,this study proposes a method for calculating the maximum curvature(c_(ppmax))of flexural toppling rock *** applying this method to calculate cppmax of 9 types of rock masses with different hardness and rock layer thickness,some conclusions are drawn:(1)the internal key factors affecting c_(ppmax)are E^(⋆)(E^(⋆)=E_(ss)/E_(0),where E_(0)and E_(ss)are the mean deformation moduli of the rock before and after reaching its peak tensile strength,respectively),the strainεt corresponding to the tensile strength of rock,and the thickness(h)of rock layers;(2)hard rock layers are more likely to develop into block toppling than soft rock layers;and(3)thin rock layers are more likely to remain in flexural toppling state than thick rock *** addition,it is found that c_(ppmax)for flexural toppling rock masses composed of bedded rocks such as gneiss is related to the tensile direction.

关键词： flexural toppling rock mass maximum bending degree strain-softening model curvature rock mechanics

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Exercise training improves long-term memory in obese mice

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life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver K.Fuller casey l.Egan Tina l.Robinson Nimna Perera Heidy K.latchman lauren V.Terry Emma d.Mclennan carolina chavez Emma l.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn M.Murphy Henriette van Praag Martin Whitham Mark A.Febbraio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia la Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia department of Biomedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States college of life and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can improve memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve brain volume,but the mechanisms are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFd)-induced obesity on cognition,motor behavior,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BdNF)could be mitigated by voluntary exercise training in male c57Bl/6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not reversed by ***,voluntary wheel running improved long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity may prevent cognitive decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

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Spouting behavior of binary particle mixtures of different densities: Fluid dynamics and particle segregation

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 58-66页

作者： K.G. Santos R.c. Santana d.l. souza V.V. Murata M.A.S. Barrozo Federal University ofTriangulo Mineiro Chemical Engineering DepartmentUniverdecidade CampusUberabaMGBrazil Federal University of Uberlandia Chemical Engineering SchoolUberlandiaMG. Brazil

Numerous industrial applications of spouted beds involve a mixture of granular particles, where differences in particle size, density, and shape can cause particle segregation, affecting the quality of flow and decreasing product homogeneity. The aim of this study was to investigate the particle segregation and fluid dynamics of a conical spouted bed operating with a binary mixture of particles of different densities. Using glass beads and polyethylene particles with a diameter of 4 mm, we determined the effects of the mass fraction of denser particles and static bed height on the minimum spouting condition and mixture index. The pressure drop and airflow in the minimum spouting condition increased with an increase in bed height or jetsam concentration. Regarding particle segregation, the jetsam particles tended to concentrate near the bottom, at the spout–annulus interface because they have a shorter trajectory than the lighter particles in the fountain region. Jetsam-rich mixtures with high initial static bed heights exhibited more efficient particle mixing, excluding those at the bottom of the bed.

关键词： density Segregation Spouted bed Binary mixtures

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Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging contrast Agents for clinical Research: limitations and Alternatives

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 73-77页

作者： Serigne Moussa Badiane Elhadji A. l. Bathily Fawrou Seye louis A.d. diouf department of Health Sciences Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal department of Health Sciences Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar Senegal cell Biology and Histology Health Sciences Department Gaston BERGER University Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Near-infrared fluorescence imaging is a technique that will establish itself in the short term at the international level because it is recognized for its potential to improve the performance of surgical interventions, its moderate investment and operating costs and its portability. Although the technology is now mature, there is currently the problem of the availability of contrast agents to be injected IV. The aim of this methodology article is to propose an alternative solution to the need for contrast agents for clinical research, particularly in oncology. Methodology: They consist of coupling a fluorescent marker in the form of an NHS derivative, such as IR dYE manufactured in compliance with GMP, with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies having marketing authorization for molecular imaging. For a given antibody, the marking procedure must be the subject of a validation file on the final preparation filtered on a sterilizing membrane at 0.22 μm. Once the procedure has been validated, it would be unnecessary to repeat the tests before each clinical research examination. A check of the marking by thin-layer chromatography (Tlc) and place it in a sample bank at +4˚c for 1 month of each injected formulation would be sufficient for additional tests if necessary. conclusion: Molecular near-infrared fluorescence imaging is experiencing development, the process of which could be accelerated by greater availability of clinical contrast agents. Alternative solutions are therefore necessary to promote clinical research in this area. These methods must be shared to make it easier for researchers.

关键词： Fluorescence Imaging contrast Agents clinical Research

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Kinetic Rates of the Fischer Tropsch Synthesis on a co/Nb_2O_5 catalyst

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Journal of Natural Gas chemistry 2006年第4期15卷 307-312页

作者： Víctor R.Ahón Paulo l.c.lage carlos d.d.de souza Fabiana M.Mendes Martin Schmal Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Programa de Engenharia Química COPPE/UFRJ C.P.6850221941-972Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil

The kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction over a co/Nb2O5 catalyst in a fixed bed reactor was investigated experimentally. Experiments were carried out under isothermal and isobaric conditions （T=543 K, P=2.1 MPa） and under different conditions of several H2/cO feed molar ratio （0.49-4.79）, space velocities （0.2-3.8 h^-1）, mass of catalyst （0.3-1.5 g）, and cO conversion （10%-29%）. Synthesis gas conversion was measured and data were reduced to estimate the kinetic parameters for different langmuir-Hinshelwood rate expressions. differential and integral reactor models were used for the nonlinear regression of kinetics parameters. One of the rate equations could well explain the data. The hydrocarbon product distributions that were experimentally determined exhibited an unusual behavior, and a possible explanation was discussed.

关键词： Fischer-Tropsch natural gas kinetics selectivity

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某工业场地土壤砷的空间分布及As(Ⅲ)迁移规律研究

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土壤通报 2024年第2期55卷 502-512页

作者：左玉涛孔文亮代义彬 SEIdOU c.d. 王铁军天津大学地球系统科学学院表层地球系统科学研究院天津300072 天津北大港湿地自然保护区管理中心天津300270 天津大学天津环渤海滨海地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站天津300072 天津大学天津市环渤海关键带科学与可持续发展重点实验室天津300072

[目的]旨在掌握某工业场地土壤中砷(As)的空间分布特征并揭示其迁移规律,为该工业场地土壤As污染防治提供数据与理论基础。[方法]本文选取葫芦岛市某工业场地为研究区,首先统计分析了场地内土壤As含量的空间分布特征,并比较了等温与动... 详细信息

[目的]旨在掌握某工业场地土壤中砷(As)的空间分布特征并揭示其迁移规律,为该工业场地土壤As污染防治提供数据与理论基础。[方法]本文选取葫芦岛市某工业场地为研究区,首先统计分析了场地内土壤As含量的空间分布特征,并比较了等温与动态吸附两种获取土壤中As(Ⅲ)吸附参数的实验方法的特点与适用性,最终利用HYdRUS-1d模型反演计算了As(Ⅲ)在供试土壤中的d_(l)、K、α、β等迁移参数。[结果]场地土壤As浓度水平分布具有显著差异,在垂向上主要富集于40 cm深度内,且随深度增加而降低。等温吸附实验的结果表明:土样中As(Ⅲ)的平衡固相浓度随液相浓度增加呈非线性增长趋势,langmuir模型(R^(2)=0.988)对实测数据的拟合效果优于Henry和Freundlich模型。动态吸附实验结果展示了As(Ⅲ)相对浓度完全穿透土柱所需的污染液体积随As(Ⅲ)初始浓度的增加而减少的规律;HYdRUS-1d反演结果表明三类吸附模型中,langmuir模型(R^(2)=0.990)更适用于模拟土样中As(Ⅲ)的动态吸附过程。相较于等温吸附实验,使用动态吸附实验模拟As(Ⅲ)迁移行为更接近其在土壤中的真实迁移过程。[结论]该场地中的As污染来源于工业活动,主要集中在浅层土壤;土壤中As(Ⅲ)的迁移行为表现为非线性过程,较高的初始浓度将加速As(Ⅲ)的垂向迁移。动态吸附实验方法应优先应用于土壤As迁移过程及其参数获取的研究中。

关键词：土壤砷工业污染等温吸附动态吸附 HYdRUS-1d

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