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Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 313-328页

作者： Dirkjan Schokker soumya k.kar Els Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker Alfons J.M.Jansman Wageningen Bioveterinary Research LelystadThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Royal Agrifirm Group ApeldoornThe Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning *** study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were *** study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression *** Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals *** the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal *** genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory *** example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum *** the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O con

关键词： Immune system Intestinal functionality Microbiota Piglets Zinc oxide

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Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2024年第1期

作者： Dirkjan Schokker soumya k.kar Els Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker Alfons J.M.Jansman

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Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1026-1032页

作者： soumya k.kar Bart van der Hee Linda M.P.Loonen Nico Taverne Johanna J.Taverne-Thiele Dirkjan Schokker Mari A.Smits Alfons J.M.Jansman Jerry M.Wells Host Microbe Interactomics Group Wageningen University&ResearchDe Elst 16708 WD WageningenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Microbiology Wageningen University&ResearchStippeneng 46708 WE WageningenThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchDe Elst 16708 WD WageningenThe Netherlands

Here, we describe the use of monolayers of intestinal epithelial cells derived from intestinal organoids and transcriptomics to investigate the direct effects of dietary protein sources on epithelial function. Mechanically dissociated 3 D organoids of mouse duodenum were used to generate a polarized epithelium containing all cell types found in the tissue of origin. The organoid-derived cell monolayers were exposed to 4%(w/v) of ‘undigested(non-hydrolysed)-soluble' fraction of protein sources used as feed ingredients [soybean meal(SBM) and casein], or alternative protein sources(spray dried plasma protein, and yellow meal worm), or controls for 6 h prior to RNA isolation and transcriptomics. All protein sources altered expression of unique biological processes in the epithelial cells. Exposure of intestinal organoids to SBM downregulated expression of retinol and retinoid metabolic processes as well as cholesterol and lipid biosynthetic pathways, consistent with the reported hypotriglyceridaemic effect of soy protein in vivo. These findings support the use of intestinal organoids as models to evaluate complex interactions between dietary ingredients and the intestinal epithelium and highlights some unique host effects of alternative protein sources in animal feed and potentially human food.

关键词： Alternative protein sources Casein Intestinal organoids Organoids Soybean meal Spray dried plasma protein Transcriptomics Yellow meal worm

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Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： Christina Larsen Simone Margaard Offersen Anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo soumya kanti kar Luca Guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal Science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal Nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background Diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig *** and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the *** secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning *** objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Methods Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(CMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(CcFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(GMT,n=18),or saline(CON,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEC(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEC concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and *** Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single ***,CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to CON(all P<0.05).CcFT also showed a lower ETEC prevalence on d 27(P<0.05).CMT showed a higher alpha diversity and a difference in beta diversity compared to CON(P<0.05).Growth and other paraclinical endpoints were similar across *** In conclusion,only CcFT reduced ETEC-related post-weaning ***,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration

关键词： Colonic content filtrate transplantation Colonic microbiota transplantation Gastric microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota Mucosa Neonatal Post-weaning diarrhea

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Effects of undigested protein-rich ingredients on polarised small intestinal organoid monolayers.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2020年第4期

作者： soumya k.kar Bart van der Hee Linda M.P.Loonen Nico Taverne Johanna J.Taverne-Thiele Dirkjan Schokker Mari A.Smits Alfons J.M.Jansman Jerry M.Wells

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