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Review on the characteristics of liver-pacifying medicinal in relation to the treatment of stroke: from scientific evidence to traditional medical theory

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2018年第1期38卷 139-150页

作者： Kyungjin lee Hyejin Joo Meixiang Sun Minwoo Kim Bumjung Kim Beom-Joon lee jae-Heung Cho jae-Young Jung jae-Woo Park Youngmin Bu Department of Herbal Pharmacology College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Science in Korean medicine Graduate School Kyung Hee University Division of Allergy Immune and Respiratory System Department of Internal Medicine College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Korean Rehabilitation Medicine College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Internal Medicine College of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University

OBJECTIVE： To analyze the characteristics of liver pacifying medicinal in the treatment of brain disease to provide scientific evidence in clinical usage on ***： MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database were used as the literature sources. The Scientific name, Latin pharmaceutical name, Chinese name of 7 kinds of liver pacifying medicinal including Gouteng （Ramulus Uncariae Rhynchophyllae cure Uncis）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae）, Juemingzi （Semen Cassiae Obtusifoliae）, Quanxie （Scorpio）, Wugong （Scolopendra）, Jiangcan （Bombyx Batryticatus）, and Dilong （Pheretima Aspergillum） were used as the keywords to search the databases for relevant publications up to July 2016. Their major compounds were also used as the keywords. The papers were selected based on the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action related to brain diseases and subsequently, were analyzed and reviewed. We first described the origin, efficacy, and clinical indications of selected medicines, then brain disease specific activities focusing on stroke after the description of the general pharmacological activities. RESULTS： On the basis of the literature of scientific studies and clinical use in traditional medicine, we found and discussed the characteristics of liver pacifying medicinal in stroke treatment. First, liver-pacifying medicinal, or their components, might pass through the blood-brain barrier and act directly on neurons or on the neural network to provide protective effects against brain disease. Second, although it could be used throughout the disease duration, treatment of stroke might be more effective from the subacute up to the convalescent phase than the acute ***： We can suggest that live pacifying medicinal has beneficial pharmacological activities directly or indirectly on neurons in brain disease and is useful for the treatment of stroke from subacute to convalescent phase.

关键词： Stroke Traditional medicine Calming liver wind Review

Decomposition of CCl_4 and CHCl_3 on gliding arc plasma

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 83-89页

作者： Antonius Indarto CHOI jae-wook lee Hwaung SONG Hyung-keun Korea Institute of Science and Technology Clean Technology Research Center P.O. Box 131 Cheongryang Seoul 130-650 Korea Korea Institute of Science and Technology Clean Technology Research Center P.O. Box 131 Cheongryang Seoul 130-650 Korea.

Decomposition of chlorinated hydrocarbons, CCl4 and CHCl3, in gliding plasma was examined. The effects of initial concentrations, total gas flow rates, and power consumption have been investigated. The conversion result was relatively high. It reached 80% for CCl4 and 97% for CHCl3. Using atmospheric air as the carrier gas, the plasma reaction occurred at exothermic reaction and the main products were CO2, CO, and Cl2. Transformation into CCl4 was also detected for CHCl3 decomposition reaction. The conversion of CCh and CHCl3 were increased with the increasing applied frequency and decreasing total gas flow rate.

关键词： plasma gliding arc CCl4 CHCl3 decomposition reaction

A review of C_1 chemistry synthesis using yttrium-stabilized zirconia catalyst

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第1期26卷 1-6页

作者： Antonius Indarto jae-Wook Choi Hwaung lee Hyung Keun Song Plasma-Catalyst Chemical Process

C1 chemistry based on synthesis gas, methane, and carbon dioxide offers many routes to industrial chemicals. The reactions related to the synthesis of gas can be classified into direct and indirect approach for making such products, such as acetic acid, dimethyl ether, and alcohol. Catalytic syngas processing is currently done at high temperatures and pressures, conditions that could be unfavorable for the life of the catalyst. Another issue of C1 chemistry is related to the methane-initiated process. It has been known that direct methane conversions are still suffering from low yields and selectivity of products resulting in unprofitable ways to produce products, such as higher hydrocarbons, methanol, and so on. However, many experts and researchers are still trying to find the best method to overcome these barriers, for example, by finding the best catalyst to reduce the high-energy barrier of the reactions and conduct only selective catalyst-surface reactions. The appli- cation of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia （YSZ） and its combination with other metals for catalyzing purposes are increasing. The existence of an interesting site that acts as oxygen store could be the main reason for it. Moreover, formation of intermediate species on the surface of YSZ also contributes significantly in increasing the production of some specific products. Understanding the phenomena happening inside could be necessary. In this article, the use of YSZ for some C1 chemistry reactions was discussed and reviewed.

关键词： C1 chemistry methane synthesis gas methanol yttria-stabilized zirconia catalyst oxygen storage rare earths

Synthesis of a Rod-rod Diblock Copolymer, Poly (3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate), through the Anionic Polymerization with an Oxyanionic Macroinitiator

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第9期37卷 866-874页

作者： Chang-Geun Chae Joonkeun Min In-Gyu Bak jae-Suk lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)

A rod-rod diblock copolymer (diBCP), poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate)(P3HT-b-PFIC), was synthesized through the anionic polymerization with an oxyanionic macroinitiator of P3HT. The properties of the diBCP (molecular weight, dispersity, composition, thermal stability, UV-visible absorption, and thin film morphology) were determined by various analytical methods. P3HT-b-PFIC was blended with C60 in a toluene solution to prepare a thin film of binary electron donor/acceptor system. Such blending enabled partial conjugation of the two components by the Diels-Alder reaction between furan and C60 at 60℃ for 3 h;the mixture was then spin-cast as a thin film, and annealed at 250℃ for 24 h. Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that P3HT and C60 domains had nanoscale interfaces without a large phase segregation. This result indicated that the microphase separation of C60-functionalized P3HT-b-PFIC preserved even at high temperature provided free C60 molecules with channels to diffuse on the sides of P3HT domain, thus preventing the macroscopic crystallization of free C60 through the interfacial stabilization.

关键词： Rod-rod diblock copolymer Poly(3-hexylthiophene)-block-poly(furfuryl isocyanate) C60 Diels-Alder reaction Nanoscale interfaces

Modification strategies improving the electrochemical and structural stability of high-Ni cathode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 185-205页

作者： Yoon Bo Sim Hami lee Junyoung Mun Ki jae Kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

With the increasing spotlight in electric vehicles,there is a growing demand for high-energy-density batteries to enhance driving ***,several studies have been conducted on high-energy-density LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(z)O_(2)***,there is a limit to permanent performance deterioration because of side reactions caused by moisture in the atmosphere and continuous microcracks during cycling as the Ni content to express high energy increases and the content of Mn and Co that maintain structural and electrochemical stabilization *** direct modification of the surface and bulk regions aims to enhance the capacity and long-term performance of high-Ni cathode ***,an efficient modification requires a study based on a thorough understanding of the degradation mechanisms in the surface and bulk *** this review,a comprehensive analysis of various modifications,including doping,coating,concentration gradient,and single crystals,is conducted to solve degradation issues along with an analysis of the overall degradation mechanism occurring in high-Ni cathode *** also summarizes recent research developments related to the following modifications,aims to provide notable points and directions for post-studies,and provides valuable references for the commercialization of stable high-energy-density cathode materials.

关键词： High energy density High-Ni cathode materials Degradation Structural stability Lithium-ion battery

Non-Invasive Measurements of Thickness of Superconductor Films by Using Two-Resonant-Mode Rutile Resonator

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第8期27卷 203-206页

作者： JUNG Ho Sang YANG Woo Il lee jae Hun SOHN jae Min CHOO Kee Nam KIM Bong Goo lee Sang Young Department of Physics and Center for Wireless Transmission Technology Konkuk University Seoul 143-701 Korea Research Reactor Engineering Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daejeon 305-600 Korea

The film thickness should be known for extrazting the intrinsic surface resistance from the effective surface resistance as measured by using the dielectric resonator method. Thicknesses of 70 nm to 360 nm are measured for YBa2 Cu3 O7-δ films in a non-invasive way by using the two-resonant-mode dielectric resonator （TDR） method. A futile resonator with the respective resonant frequencies of 15.25-15.61 GHz and 15.10-15.37 GHz for the TE021 and the TE012 modes is used for this purpose. Differences between the values as measured by using the TDR technique and those measured by using a step profilometer appear to be less than 3%, which is smaller than the previous value of 5% as measured by using a 8. 6 GHz single-resonance mode futile resonator [lee et al. J. Korean Phys. Soc. 54（2009）1619]. Merits of using the TDR method are discussed.

关键词： THICKNESS measurement SUPERCONDUCTORS THIN films RUTILE DIELECTRIC resonators PROFILOMETER ELECTRIC resistance SURFACES (Technology)

Modeling and Hardware-in-the-Loop System Realization of Electric Machine Drives-A Review

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2021年第3期5卷 194-201页

作者： jae Suk lee Gilsu Choi the Jeonbuk National University JeonjuJeonbukKorea Inha University IncheonKorea

This paper presents a state-of-the-art review in modeling approach of hardware in the loop simulation(HILS)realization of electric machine drives using commercial real time *** implementation using digital signal processors(DSPs)and field programmable gate array(FPGA)for electric machine drives has been investigated but those methods have drawbacks such as complexity in development and *** various HILS implementation approaches,more efficient development and verification for electric machine drives can be achieved through use of commercial real time *** well as implementation of the HILS,accurate modeling of a control target system plays an important ***,modeling trend in electric machine drives for HILS implementation is needed to be *** paper provides a background of HILS and commercially available real time machines and characteristics of each real time machine are ***,recent trends and progress of permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs)modeling are presented for providing more accurate HILS implementation approaches in this paper.

关键词： Hardware-in-the-loop machine modeling permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM) model based design

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of once-daily dosing and on-demand use of udenafil for type 2 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第1期17卷 143-148,I0011,I0012页

作者： soon Hyun Park Sung Woo Park Bong Yun Cha Ie Byung Park Kyung Wan Min Yeon Ah Sung Tae Hwa Kim jae Min lee Kang Seo Park Department of Internal Medicine Eulji University School of Medicine Daejeon 302-799 South Korea Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seou1110-746 South Korea Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism College of Medicine the Catholic University of Korea Seou1137-701 South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Gachon University of Medicine and Science Graduate School of Medicine Incheon 405-760 South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Eulji University School of Medicine Seou1139-872 South Korea Department of Endocrinology Ewha Woman's University School of Medicine Seoul 158-710 South Korea Department of Internal Medicine College of Medicine Hanyang University Seoul 133-792 South Korea.

We compared the efficacy and safety between once-daily dosing and on-demand use of udenafil for type 2 diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction （ED）. A multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-week study was conducted. 161 patients who improved with on-demand 200 mg of udenafil according to Sexual Encounter Profile （SEP） diary Question 2 and 3 （Q2 and Q3） were randomized into 200 mg on-demand （n = 80） or 50 mg once-daily （n = 81） dosing groups for 8 weeks. The dosing period was followed by a 4-week treatment-free period. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change of the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF） erectile function domain （EFD） score. The secondary efficacy endpoints included changes to the SEP diary Q2, Q3, IIEF Q3, Q4, other domains of IIEF, Global Assessment Question, and shift to the normal rate （EFD 〉 26）. Vascular endothelial markers were also assessed. The IIEF-EFD score of both groups improved after 8 weeks of treatment （P 〈 0.0001）. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Improvement was not maintained after the treatment-free follow-up period. Similar results were observed in the secondary efficacy endpoints. There was also no significant difference in vascular endothelial markers. Daily udenafil was well-tolerated, and there was no significant difference in the adverse drug reactions and adverse events between the two groups. Flushing and headache were the most frequent adverse events. Both regimens improved ED in diabetic patients and were well-tolerated. Further studies are needed to assess the effect of daily udenafil treatment in diabetic patients.

关键词： erectile dysfunction International Index of Erectile Function once-daily dosing ptiosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor type 2 diabetes mellitus udenafil

Spectroscopic Understanding of Structural and Electrical Property Variations in Dopant-Free ZnO Films

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第6期33卷 523-526页

作者： Hyegyeong Kim JiWoong Kim Dooyong lee Won-jae lee Jong-Seong Bae jaekwang lee Sungkyun Park Department of Physics Pusan National University Department of Nano Engineering & Electronic Research Center Dong-Eui University Busan Center Korea Basic Science Institute

Physical property variation in dopant-free ZnO films was investigated. Film annealing under various environments（O_2, in-Air, N2 and vacuum） resulted in better crystallinity than in the as-grown film. In particular, the film annealed under the N_2 environment showed better crystallinity and electrical properties than films annealed in other environments. Based on spectroscopic analysis, we found a correlation between physical（structural, electrical） and chemical properties： The crystallinity of ZnO films is closely related to ZnO bonding, whereas carrier concentration is associated with VO（oxygen vacancy）.

关键词： ZnO films Annealing Oxygen vacancies Environmental stability