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Predictors of poor outcomes in children with tracheoesophageal fistula/oesophageal atresia:an Australian experience

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021年第2期4卷 1-6页

作者： Nicole Lee Chui Hew Zubin grover Sanjay Paida Sanchita Gera Rachel Zie Ting Effendy Colin Kikiros Parshotam Gera General Surgery Bunbury HospitalBunburyWestern AustraliaAustralia Gastroenterology Perth Children's HospitalNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia Neonatology Perth Children's HospitalNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Intensive Care Unit Caboolture HospitalCabooltureQueenslandAustralia General Surgery Perth Children's HospitalNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective The aim of this study is to characterize long-term morbidities of oesophageal atresia(OA)with or without tracheoesophageal fistula(TOF).Methods Infants born with OA/TOF from 2000 to 2016 in Western Australia were included for *** were categorized into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the presence of one or more perioperative risk factors[low birth weight,vertebraldefects,anal atresia,cardiac defects,TOF,renalanomalies,limb abnormalities(VACTERL),anastomotic leak,long gap OA,and failure to establish oral feeds within the first month]identified by a previous Canadian *** of morbidities in infants with perioperative risk factors was *** Of 102 patients,88(86%)had OA with distal TOF(type C).The most common morbidities in our cohort were anastomotic oesophageal strictures(AS)(n=53,52%),tracheomalacia(n=48,47%),gastroesophageal reflux disease(GORD)(n=42,41%)and recurrent respiratory tract infections(n=40,39%).Presence of GORD(30/59 vs 12/43,p=0.04)and median frequency of AS dilatations(8 vs 3,n=59,p=0.03)were greater in the high-risk *** study further confirmed that inability to be fed orally within the first month was associated with high *** Gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidities remain high in OA/TOF regardless of perioperative risk *** to be fed orally within the first month is a predictor of poor outcomes with high frequency of gastrointestinal and respiratory comorbidities.

关键词： analysis. fir defects

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Etiology Profile of the Patients Implanted in the Cochlear Implant Program

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2015年第3期4卷 265-272页

作者： Saroj Mali Divij Sonkhya Mohnish grover Nishi Sonkhya Department of ENT SMS Medical College and Hospital Jaipur India

Hearing loss in children constitutes a considerable handicap because it is an invisible disability and compromises optimal development and personal achievement of a child. The period from birth to 5 years of life is critical for the development of speech and language;therefore, there is need for early identification and assessment of hearing loss and early rehabilitation in infants and children. Cochlear implants are the treatment of choice for patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. The goal of the present study was to investigate the different hearing impairment etiologies of patients implanted in cochlear implant program. The hospital based interventional study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur from July 2011 to Dec. 2013. Present study included 60 prelingually deafened patients who attended ENT OPD and underwent cochlear implant. The most common cause of deafness in our study was acquired (56.66%), which predominantly included perinatal risk factors (64.70%), followed by prenatal risk factors (41.17%). The second common cause was hereditary (26.66%), followed by unknown (16.66%). Infection and ototoxic drug history were the most common risk factors in prenatal and postnatal group. The most common perinatal cause was low birth weight and prematurity.

关键词： Hearing Impairment Cochlear Implant Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss Familial Hearing Loss Syndromic Hearing Loss

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Jaw Osteonecrosis in Patients Receiving Oral Bisphosphonates Therapy

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第17期5卷 1099-1101页

作者： David Simcox Karan grover Roger Godfrey Rohit Peshin Department of Haematology Royal Liverpool University Hospital Liverpool UK Department of Rheumatology Nobles Hospital Douglas Isle of Man

We describe the cases of three patients, under the care of the rheumatology service, who presented with osteonecrosis of the jaw whist on oral bisphosphonate therapy. The first case is of a 74-year-old woman with a 12 year history of sero-negative inflammatory arthritis, having been on oral steroids for 11 years, Methotrexate for the preceding 6 years, and oral bisphosphonates for 9 years. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed extensive jaw necrosis. The second patient was a 72-year-old woman with temporal arteritis, on long term oral steroids, and oral bisphosphonates presenting with jaw osteonecrosis. The third case is of an 81-year-old lady with a diagnosis of Polymyalgia Rheumatica on reducing dose of prednisolone along with calcium and vitamin D3 and oral bisphosphonate therapy as part of steroid induced prophylaxis guidelines. On reviewing the literature regarding bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw, there is indeed recognition of this occurring with oral bisphosphonates. However, this is far less common than with intravenous preparations. Reports to the UK MHRA regarding adverse reactions have shown 53 cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with oral bisphosphonates, but this is thought to represent under-reporting. We suggest consideration of patient counselling and consent, and preventive dental work prior to initiation of oral bisphosphonate therapy.

关键词： Jaw Osteonecrosis Oral Bisphosphanates

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Evaluation of high yielding soybean germplasm under water limitation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第5期58卷 475-491页

作者： Silvas J.Prince Mackensie Murphy Raymond N.Mutava Zhengzhi Zhang Na Nguyen Yoon Ha Kim Safiullah M.Pathan grover J.Shannon Babu Valliyodan Henry T.Nguyen National Center for Soybean Biotechnology and Division of Plant Sciences University of Missouri

Limited information is available for soybean root traits and their plasticity under drought stress. To date, no studies have focused on examining diverse soybean germ- plasm for regulation of shoot and root response under water limited conditions across varying soil types. In this study, 17 genetically diverse soybean germplasm lines were selected to study root response to water limited conditions in clay （trial 1） and sandy soil （trial 2） in two target environments. Physiological data on shoot traits was measured at multiple crop stages ranging from early vegetative to pod filling. The phenotypic root traits, and biomass accumulation data are collected at pod filling stage. In trial 1, the number of lateral roots and forks were positively correlated with plot yield under water limitation and in trial 2, lateral root thickness was positively correlated with the hill plot yield. Plant Introduction （PI） 578477A and 088444 were found to have higher later root number and forks in clay soil with higher yield under water limitation, in sandy soil, P1458o2o was found to have a thicker lateral root system and higher yield under water limitation. The genotypes identified in this study could be used to enhance drought tolerance of elite soybean cultivars through improved root traits specific to target environments.

关键词： Fibrous root root angle root plasticity root systemarchitecture (RSA) root thickness spectral indices soybean spectralindices total root length water limitation

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A Malvaceae mystery: A mallow maelstrom of genome multiplications and maybe misleading methods?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第1期61卷 12-31页

作者： Justin L.Conover Nisa Karimi Noah Stenz Cecile Ane Corrinne E.grover Cynthia Skema Jennifer A.Tate Kirsten Wolff Samuel A.Logan Jonathan F.Wendel David A.Baum Department of Ecology Evolutionand Organismal BiologyIowa State University Department of Botany University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Statistics University of Wisconsin Madison Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

Previous research suggests that Gossypium has undergone a 5-to 6-fold multiplication following its divergence from Theobroma. However, the number of events, or where they occurred in the Malvaceae phylogeny remains unknown. We analyzed transcriptomic and genomic data from representatives of eight of the nine Malvaceae subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear data placed Dombeya(Dombeyoideae) as sister to the rest of Malvadendrina clade, but the plastid DNA tree strongly supported Durio(Helicteroideae) in this position. Intraspecific Ks plots indicated that all sampled taxa, except Theobroma(Byttnerioideae), Corchorus(Grewioideae), and Dombeya(Dombeyoideae), have experienced whole genome multiplications(WGMs). Quartet analysis suggested WGMs were shared by Malvoideae-Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae-Tilioideae, but did not resolve whether these are shared with each other or Helicteroideae(Durio).Gene tree reconciliation and Bayesian concordance analysis suggested a complex history. Alternative hypotheses are suggested, each involving two independent autotetraploid and one allopolyploid event. They differ in that one entails an allopolyploid origin for the Durio lineage,whereas the other invokes an allopolyploid origin for Malvoideae-Bombacoideae. We highlight the need for more genomic information in the Malvaceae and improved methods to resolve complex evolutionary histories that may include allopolyploidy, incomplete lineage sorting, and variable rates of gene and genome evolution.

关键词： research data

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Programming with Java a multimedia approach

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2013年

作者： Radhika S. grover.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Midtrimester pregnancy loss and cervical incompetence—Is there an association with connective tissue laxity?

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第1期4卷 28-32页

作者： Shirley Au Fiona Cullinane Ravi Savarirayan Sonia R. grover Genetic Services Victoria Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne Australia University of Melbourne Parkville Australia

Objectives: The basic mechanisms of cervical incompetence remain unknown although preliminary histological, biochemical and DNA studies suggest connective tissue pathology may be a contributing factor. Certain connective tissue disorders are known to be associated with obstetric complications. Utilising a standardised established scoring system for connective tissue laxity, this study aimed to test the relationship between clinical evidence of connective tissue laxity and cervical incompetence. Methods: This case-control study involved pregnant and non-pregnant women with a history of mid-trimester pregnancy loss in the absence of major bleeding, infection and uterine abnormalities and a control group of women with uncomplicated obstetric histories. Relevant medical details were obtained. Connective tissue laxity was assessed utilizing the Beighton scoring system. Potential confounding factors, including age, pregnancy and gestation were explored. Results: The frequency of connective tissue laxity between the cases [n = 29] was not statistically different from the controls [n = 58] [p = 0.391] suggesting a lack of association between cervical incompetence and clinical evidence of connective tissue laxity. Conclusion: Although no clear evidence of connective tissue laxity was demonstrated, it is possible that cervical incompetence is associated with abnormal connective tissue. But this abnormality is different from the defect that underlies joint hypermobility and skin elasticity.

关键词： Cervical Incompetence Connective Tissue Laxity Ehlers Danlos Syndrome Pregnancy Complications Beighton Score

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A Different Approach to Cone-Convex Optimization

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American Journal of Operations Research 2013年第6期3卷 536-541页

作者： Surjeet Kaur Suneja Sunila Sharma Meetu B. grover Malti Kapoor Department of Mathematics Miranda House College University of Delhi Delhi India Department of Mathematics Moti Lal Nehru College (M) University of Delhi Delhi India

In classical convex optimization theory, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions are necessary and sufficient for optimality if the objective as well as the constraint functions involved is convex. Recently, Lassere [1] considered a scalar programming problem and showed that if the convexity of the constraint functions is replaced by the convexity of the feasible set, this crucial feature of convex programming can still be preserved. In this paper, we generalize his results by making them applicable to vector optimization problems (VOP) over cones. We consider the minimization of a cone-convex function over a convex feasible set described by cone constraints that are not necessarily cone-convex. We show that if a Slater-type cone constraint qualification holds, then every weak minimizer of (VOP) is a KKT point and conversely every KKT point is a weak minimizer. Further a Mond-Weir type dual is formulated in the modified situation and various duality results are established.

关键词： Convex Optimization Cone-Convex Functions KKT Conditions Duality

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Aqueous Interleukin-6 (IL-6) Level Is a Marker for Treatment Resistance to Bevacizumab in Age-Related Macular Degeneration —Aqueous Cytokines after Bevacizumab

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2014年第1期4卷 24-30页

作者： Kakarla V. Chalam Sandeep grover Sankarathi Balaiya Ravi K. Murthy Department of Ophthalmology University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville USA

Background: To prospectively evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on aqueous levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to correlate clinical outcomes of patients and aqueous cytokine levels before and after injection. Methods: The study group consisted of 30 eyes from 30 patients with exudative AMD who underwent intravitreal injection of bevacizumab three times at monthly intervals. The aqueous samples prior to the 1st injection (baseline) and 3rd injection were analyzed for VEGF and IL-6 levels, evaluating the effect of 2 doses of intravitreal bevacizumab. Study patients were sub-grouped based upon change in central subfield (CSF) macular thickness on SD-OCT, at 8 weeks. Group 1 included patients (n = 14) with a decrease in CSF thickness greater than 10% from the baseline and were categorized to have “improved”. Group 2 included patients (n = 16) who had a decrease in CSF thickness 10% or less and were considered “treatment-resistant”. Results: There was no statistically significant change in aqueous VEGF and IL-6 levels after intravitreal bevacizumab. In sub-group analysis, in both Groups 1 and 2 patients, aqueous IL-6 levels showed a better correlation with CSF thickness on SD-OCT (r = 0.72 and 0.71, respectively). Conclusions: Data from our study suggest that aqueous IL-6 may be an important marker of treatment response or resistance. Future therapeutic strategies may include targeted treatment against both VEGF and IL-6, in patients who do not respond to anti-VEGF treatment alone.

关键词： VEGF Interleukin-6 AMD Bevacizumab Aqueous Bead Based Assay

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Simulation in endoscopy:Practical educational strategies to improve learning

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2019年第3期11卷 209-218页

作者： Rishad Khan Michael A Scaffidi Samir C grover Nikko Gimpaya Catharine M Walsh Department of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University Division of Gastroenterology St. Michael’s Hospital University of Toronto Department of Medicine University of Toronto Faculty of Health Sciences School of Medicine Queen’s UniversityKingston Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition and the Research and Learning Institutes Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto The Wilson Centre Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto

In gastrointestinal endoscopy, simulation-based training can help endoscopists acquire new skills and accelerate the learning curve. Simulation creates an ideal environment for trainees, where they can practice specific skills, perform cases at their own pace, and make mistakes with no risk to patients. Educators also benefit from the use of simulators, as they can structure training according to learner needs and focus solely on the trainee. Not all simulation-based training,however, is effective. To maximize benefits from this instructional modality,educators must be conscious of learners' needs, the potential benefits of training,and associated costs. Simulation should be integrated into training in a manner that is grounded in educational theory and empirical data. In this review, we focus on four best practices in simulation-based education: deliberate practice with mastery learning, feedback and debriefing, contextual learning, and innovative educational strategies. For each topic, we provide definitions,supporting evidence, and practical tips for implementation.

关键词： Simulation Endoscopy Gastrointestinal Education

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