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Yield of testing for micronutrient deficiencies associated with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in a clinical setting: An observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第36期9卷 11320-11329页

作者： Mustafa Jalal Jennifer Anne Campbell solomon tesfaye Ahmed Al-Mukhtar Andrew Derek Hopper Academic Department of Gastroenterology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Infection Immunology and Cardiovascular diseaseUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom Academic Unit of Diabetes and Endocrinology Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be difficult to diagnose and causes maldigestion symptoms and *** has been a number of studies that have identified PEI associated micronutrient deficiencies(PEI-MD),however there is variation in both the frequency and type of PEI-MD reported,with the majority of studies including patients with PEI due to chronic pancreatitis(CP)or CP without *** is a paucity of information regarding the prevalence of PEIMD in patients with PEI without CP and the yield of testing for PEI-MD in a clinical setting in patients with suspected benign pancreatic *** To prospectively assess the yield and type of PEI–MD in patients with and without PEI secondary to benign pancreatic *** Patients investigated for maldigestion symptoms with Faecal Elastase-1(FEL-1)and suspected or proven benign pancreatic disease were prospectively *** the time of FEL-1 testing,serum samples were taken for micronutrients identified by previous studies as PEI-MD:prealbumin,retinol binding protein,copper,zinc,selenium,magnesium and later in the study lipid adjusted vitamin ***-1 was recorded,with a result<200μg/g considered diagnostic of *** underwent computed tomography(CT)imaging when there was a clinical suspicion of CP,a new diagnosis of PEI recurrent,pancreatic type pain(epigastric abdominal pain radiating to back with or without previous acute pancreatitis attacks)or weight *** After exclusions,112 patients were recruited that underwent testing for FEL-1 and *** was identified in 41/112(36.6%)patients and a pancreatic CT was performed in 82 *** a PEI-MD was identified in 21/112(18.8%)*** yield of PEI-MD was 17/41(41.5%)if PEI was present which was significantly higher than those without 4/71(5.6%)(P=0.0001).The yield of PEI–MD was significantly higher when PEI and CP were seen together 13/22(59.1%)compared to CP without PEI and PEI without CP(P<0.03).In

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Micronutrient Malnutrition Malabsorption Nutritional markers

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Apicoplast Biosynthetic Pathways as Possible Targetsfor Combination Therapy of Malaria

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第3期3卷 101-115页

作者： solomon tesfaye Bhanu Prakash Prati Pal Singh Center of Infectious Diseases Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education andResearch India

The emergence of malaria parasite strains resistant to practically all the antimalarial drugs in clinical use is now making itnecessary to discover and develop both new antimalarial drugs and treatments. Recent advances in molecular techniques along withthe availability of genome sequence ofPlasmodiumfalciparum may provide a wide range of novel targets in metabolic pathways likeisoprenoid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and heme biosynthesis in the apicoplast of Plasmodiurn. On the other hand, thecombination therapy approach （currently used to retard the selection of parasite strains resistant to individual components of acombination of drugs） has proved to be a success in the combination of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine, which targets two differentsteps in the folate pathway of malaria parasite. However, after the success of this therapeutic combination, the efficacy of othercombinations of drugs which target different enzymes in a particular metabolic pathway has, apparently, not been reported. Therefore,herein, we review various drug targets so far discovered in apicoplast-related anabolic pathways, especially, with a sharper focus onthe possibility to target more than one enzyme at a time in a particular metabolic pathway of malaria parasites.

关键词： Apicoplast, combination therapy, fatty acid, isoprenoid, malaria, Plasmodiumfalciparum.

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Assessment of Seasonal Rainfall Prediction in Ethiopia: Evaluating a Dynamic Recurrent Neural Network to Downscale ECMWF-SEAS5 Rainfall

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2230-2244页

作者： Abebe KEBEDE Kirsten WARRACH-SAGI Thomas SCHWITALLA Volker WULFMEYER tesfaye ABEBE Markos WARE Hawassa University College of Agriculture P.O.Box 05HawassaEthiopia Institute of Physics and Meteorology University of HohenheimP.O.Box 70599StuttgartGermany Arba Minch University Water Institute of Technology Faculty of Meteorology and HydrologyP.O.Box 21Arba MinchEthiopia

Seasonal rainfall plays a vital role in both environmental dynamics and decision-making for rainfed agriculture in Ethiopia, a country often impacted by extreme climate events such as drought and flooding. Predicting the onset of the rainy season and providing localized rainfall forecasts for Ethiopia is challenging due to the changing spatiotemporal patterns and the country's rugged topography. The Climate Hazards Group Infra Red Precipitation with Station Data(CHIRPS), ERA5-Land total precipitation and temperature data are used from 1981–2022 to predict spatial rainfall by applying an artificial neural network(ANN). The recurrent neural network(RNN) is a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous input(NARX), which includes feed-forward connections and multiple network layers, employing the Levenberg Marquart algorithm. This method is applied to downscale data from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts fifth-generation seasonal forecast system(ECMWF-SEAS5) and the Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change(CMCC) to the specific locations of rainfall stations in Ethiopia for the period 1980–2020. Across the stations, the results of NARX exhibit strong associations and reduced errors. The statistical results indicate that, except for the southwestern Ethiopian highlands, the downscaled monthly precipitation data exhibits high skill scores compared to the station records, demonstrating the effectiveness of the NARX approach for predicting local seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia's complex terrain. In addition to this spatial ANN of the summer season precipitation, temperature, as well as the combination of these two variables, show promising results.

关键词： station prediction downscaling artificial neural networks rainfall

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糖尿病神经病变

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国际内科双语杂志（中英文） 2007年第1期7卷 1-4,34-37页

作者： solomon tesfaye 许建萍（译）肖新华（校）英国谢菲尔德皇家Hallamshire医院的内科和糖尿病顾问医师不详

流行病学和危险因素糖尿病多神经病变是糖尿病的一个最常见并发症，也是发达国家最常见的神经病变形式。糖尿病多神经病变不是一个独立的疾病，它包括几种神经病变的综合征，最常见的是对称性末梢神经病变（也叫做周围神经病变或糖尿病... 详细信息

流行病学和危险因素糖尿病多神经病变是糖尿病的一个最常见并发症，也是发达国家最常见的神经病变形式。糖尿病多神经病变不是一个独立的疾病，它包括几种神经病变的综合征，最常见的是对称性末梢神经病变（也叫做周围神经病变或糖尿病神经病变）。几项临床和流行病学研究均显示有相同的糖尿病周围神经病变发病率（约30％的糖尿病患者）。患糖尿病25年后，约50％的1型和2型患者出现糖尿病周围神经病变。男女发病率相同。最近的流行病学研究表明，糖尿病神经病变的相关因素包括高龄、病程过长、血糖控制不良、高血压、吸烟、肥胖和高血脂。

关键词：糖尿病神经病变糖尿病周围神经病变流行病学末梢神经病变血糖控制不良常见并发症危险因素发达国家

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Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital,Ethiopia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1889-1902页

作者： Dereje Abebe Regassa Gebeyaw Arega Berihun Bisrat Fikadu Habtu Woyesa Beyene Haile Rahel Shumi Nagaash Girum tesfaye Kiya Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Wolkite UniversityWolkite 11330Ethiopia School of Medical Laboratory Sciences Jimma UniversityJimma 47Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Dire Dawa UniversityDire Dawa 3000Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that has become a global public health problem with significant morbidity and *** is a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet activation and alterations in platelet ***,the use of platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation has not been fully evaluated in this context,and evidence for their role as predictors of poor glycemic status in diabetic patients is *** To evaluate platelet indices and determine their prognostic significance in relation to inadequate glucoregulation among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Bishoftu General Hospital in Ethiopia,from June 15 to August 12,*** A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 261 participants including 174 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and 87 non-diabetic *** systematic random sampling technique was used to select *** were collected using structured questionnaires,physical measurements,checklists,and laboratory *** parameters and fasting blood glucose levels were determined from blood samples using Sysmex-XN550 and CobasC311 analyzers,*** hematology analyzer output was checked and participants were also screened for malaria parasites using a prepared blood *** data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for ***χ2 test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,post hoc test,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically *** The results of our study indicate that diabetic patients have significantly higher levels of platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet large cell ratio(PLCR),and plateletcrit(PCT)compared to healthy individuals(P<0.001).Furthermore,these indices were found to be significantly elevated in individuals wi

关键词： Platelet indices Type 2 diabetes mellitus Controls Adult Ethiopia

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Association of Serum Folate and Vitamin B_(12) Concentrations with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 242-253页

作者： ZHU Qian Rang KOK E Dieuwertje BEKELE Hailu tesfaye MANUSAMA Koen ZHANG Jing Xian XIE Wei ZONG Wen Qi ZUO Hui ZHANG Jian KAMPMAN Ellen DAI Yue Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing 210009JiangsuChina Division of Human Nutrition and Health Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen 176700 AAThe Netherlands School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123JiangsuChina National Institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the associations of serum folate and/or vitamin B12 concentrations with obesity among Chinese children and *** A cross-sectional study was conducted including 3,079 Chinese children and adolescents,aged 6 to 17 years,from Jiangsu,*** indices,such as,children's body mass index(BMI),BMI z-scores,waist circumference,and waist-to-height ratio were *** linear regression and generalized additive models were used to investigate the associations of serum folate and vitamin B12 levels with anthropometric indices and odds of *** We observed that serum vitamin B12 concentrations were inversely associated with all anthropometric indices and the odds of general obesity[odds ratio(OR)=0.68;95%confidence interval(CI)=0.59,0.78]and abdominal obesity(OR=0.68;95%CI=0.60,0.77).When compared to participants with both serum vitamin levels in the two middle quartiles,those with both serum folate and vitamin B12 levels in the highest quartile were less prone to general(OR=0.31,95%CI=0.19,0.50)or abdominal obesity(OR=0.46,95%CI=0.31,0.67).Conversely,participants with vitamin B12 levels in the lowest quartile alongside folate levels in the highest quartile had higher odds of abdominal obesity(OR=2.06,95%CI=1.09,3.91).Conclusion Higher serum vitamin B12 concentrations,but not serum folate concentrations,were associated with lower odds of childhood *** and adolescents with high levels of vitamin B12 and folate were less likely to be obese.

关键词： Folate Vitamin B12 Childhood obesity Micronutrient

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下消化道症状与1型糖尿病患者血糖控制差和生活质量差相关

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第9期21卷 537-537页

作者：宋艳宁(译) 巩纯秀(校) 北京儿童医院

目的：在1型糖尿病患者中，下消化道症状不常出现，而且血糖控制和生活质量对其影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定血糖控制和生活质量对下消化道症状患病率的影响，并研究其潜在的病因。研究设计和方法：次级治疗的前瞻性队列研究。1型... 详细信息

目的：在1型糖尿病患者中，下消化道症状不常出现，而且血糖控制和生活质量对其影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定血糖控制和生活质量对下消化道症状患病率的影响，并研究其潜在的病因。研究设计和方法：次级治疗的前瞻性队列研究。1型糖尿病患者完成胃肠症状问卷，并填写36份V．2生活质量调查表，并进行血红蛋白Alc测定。腹泻患者按国家指南进行重新评估和调查。对照组为非糖尿病患者，比较消化道症状患病率和生活质量评分。

关键词：糖尿病症状胃肠类型控制质量生活

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Woody species composition,structure and environmental determinants in a moist evergreen Afromontane forest,southern Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1173-1186页

作者： Befkadu Mewded Mesele Negash tesfaye Awas Forest and Range Land Plants Diversity Directorate Ethiopian Biodiversity InstituteP.O.Box:30726Addis AbabaEthiopia Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa UniversityP.O.Box:123ShashemeneEthiopia

Ethiopian moist evergreen Afromontane forests are vital for the conservation of plant diversity,including genetic pools of Coffea arabica ***,these forests are continuously shrinking and need empirical scientific studies for their effective conservation and sustainable *** study was,therefore,conducted to assess woody species composition,diversity,endemicity,structure,plant communities,and environmental determinants in Sirso moist evergreen Afromontane forest of southern *** variables such as altitude,slope,aspect,disturbance levels,and geographical location were recorded for each main *** structure and importance value index(IVI),diversity,vegetation classification,and correlation with environmental factors were analyzed.A total of 74 woody species representing 70 genera and 34 families were *** species were *** glutinosa *** *** and Prunus africana(Hook.f.)*** species categorized as vulnerable according to the IUCN red list *** highest number of species was recorded for the Rubiaceae family(8),followed by Euphorbiaceae(6),and Asteraceae(6).Five plant communities were identified:Maesa lanceolata-Dombeya torrida,Galiniera saxifraga-Cyathea manniana,Vepris dainellii-Triumfetta tomentosa,Dracaena fragrans-Rytigynia neglecta,and Arundinaria *** distribution of these communities depends on altitude,slope,and disturbance *** guineense(Wild.)DC.,Schefflera abyssinica(*** ***.)Harms,and Galiniera saxifraga(Hochst.)Bridson were species with the highest IVI,while ***,Cordia africana Lam.,Hagenia abyssinica(Bruce)***,Bridelia micrantha(Hochst.)Baill.,and *** had the *** structure of woody species showed an inverted J-shape,a J-shape,a bell-shape,and an irregular shaped *** latter three population structure revealed signs of disturbances,and were negatively correlated with altitude and *** study sh

关键词： Endemicity Plant community Population recruitment Regeneration status

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Variation in seed traits and seedling vigour of Cordia africana *** in Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第5期28卷 925-934页

作者： Abayneh Derero Genene tesfaye Zewdie Woldemariam Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute

Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia. Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared. Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in 10 replications, and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance. Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance. Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured. Seed length, seed width, seed mass, and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among provenances. Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage, seed width and altitude, seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude. Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature, seed width and rainfall, seed mass and temperature, and germination and temperature of the seed source. As expected, differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour. Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species.

关键词： Clinal Correlation Environmental gradient Improvement Quantitative

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Combining machine learning,space-time cloud restoration and phenology for farm-level wheat yield prediction

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2021年第1期5卷 208-222页

作者： Andualem Aklilu tesfaye Daniel Osgood Berhane Gessesse Aweke Department of Remote sensing at Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute Addis Ababa UniversityEthiopia International Research Institute for Climate and Society Earth InstituteColumbia UniversityUnited States of America Department head of the remote sensing unit at Ethiopian Space Science and Technology Institute Addis Ababa UniversityEthiopia

Though studies showed the potential of high-resolution optical sensors for crop yield prediction,several factors have limited their wider *** main factors are obstruction of cloud,identification of phenology,demand for high computing infrastructure and the complexity of statistical *** this research,we created a novel approach by combining four ***,we implemented the cloud restoration algorithm called gapfill to restore missed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)values derived from Sentinel-2 sensor(S2)due to cloud ***,we created square tiles as a solution for high computing infrastructure demand due to the use of high-resolution ***,we implemented gapfill following critical crop phenology ***,observations from restored images combined with original(from cloud-free images)values and applied for winter wheat *** applied seven base machine learning as well as two groups of super learning *** study successfully applied gapfill on high-resolution image to get good quality estimates for cloudy ***,yield prediction accuracy increased due to the incorporation of restored values in the regression *** models such as Generalized Linear Regression(GLM)and Random Forest(RF)showed improved capacity compared to other base and ensemble *** two models revealed RMSE of 0.001 t/ha and 0.136 t/ha on the holdout *** twomodels also revealed consistent and better performance using scatter plot analysis across three *** approach developed is useful to predict wheat yield at field scale,which is a rarely available but vital in many developmental projects,using optical sensors.

关键词： Cloud restoration Ensemble learning Machine learning Phenology Sentinel-2 Wheat yield prediction

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