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酯化雌激素及结合型马雌激素与静脉血栓形成危险性间的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 6-7页

作者： smith n.L. Heckbert S.R. Lemaitre R.n. 程广艳 Cardiovascular Health Research Unit 1730 Minor Ave Seattle WA 98101 United States Dr

Context: Clinical trial evidence indicates that estrogen therapy with or without progestins increases venous thrombotic risk. The findings from these trials, which used oral conjugated equine estrogens, may not be generalizable to other estrogen compounds. Objective: To compare risk of venous thrombosis among esterified estrogen users, conjugated equine estrogen users, and nonusers. Design, Setting, and Participants: This population based, case control study was conducted at a large health maintenance organization in Washington State. Cases were perimenopausal and postmenopausal women aged 30 to 89 years who sustained a first venous thrombosis between January 1995 and December 2001 and controls were matched on age, hypertension status, and calendar year. Main Outcome Measure: Risk of first venous thrombosis in relation to current use of esterified or conjugated equine estrogens, with or without concomitant progestin. Current use was defined as use at thrombotic event for cases and a comparable reference date for controls. Results: Five hundred eighty six incident venous thrombosis cases and 2268 controls were identified. Compared with women not currently using hormones, current users of esterified estrogen had no increase in venous thrombotic risk (odds ratio , 0.92; 95% confidence interval , 0.69- 1.22). In contrast, women currently taking conjugated equine estrogen had an elevated risk (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.24- 2.19). When analyses were restricted to estrogen users, current users of conjugated equine estrogen had a higher risk than current users of esterified estrogen (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.11- 2.84). Among conjugated equine estrogen users, increasing daily dose was associated with increased risk (trend P value = .02). Among all estrogen users, concomitant progestin use was associated with increased risk compared with use of estrogen alone (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.13- 2.26). Conclusion: Our finding that conjugated equine estrogen but not esterified estrogen was associate

关键词：静脉血栓形成结合型重复验证临床试验健康维护组织华盛顿州病例对照研究

对一种测定土壤潜在可矿化氮的化学浸取方法的评价(英文)

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西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版） 1992年第S1期25卷 40-47页

作者：李生秀 smith KA 西北农业大学陕西杨陵712100 爱丁堡农学院

用全氮、有机质、pH、碳氮比及质地不同的12种土壤进行了大麦、燕麦和黑麦等3种作物的盆栽试验,并以KCl煮沸法测定了其可矿化的氮素,以估计土壤潜在的有效氮素。试验表明,KCl浓度及浸取时间长短对nO_3^--n浸出量无明显影响,用1 mol/L KC... 详细信息

用全氮、有机质、pH、碳氮比及质地不同的12种土壤进行了大麦、燕麦和黑麦等3种作物的盆栽试验,并以KCl煮沸法测定了其可矿化的氮素,以估计土壤潜在的有效氮素。试验表明,KCl浓度及浸取时间长短对nO_3^--n浸出量无明显影响,用1 mol/L KCl煮沸浸取1h之后,nH_4^--n亦增加不多。1 mol/L KCl煮沸1h所释放的氮素与3种作物吸氮量密切相关,证明了这种水解方法能较好地预报盆栽试验条件下不同土壤释放作物可利用氮素的相对能力。一旦包括土壤特性,温、湿度在内的氮素释放模式形成之后,KCl煮沸法有可能用来很好地预报大田条件下作物生长期间转变成有效态氮素的数量。

关键词：煮沸 KCl 水解潜在可矿化氮

Temporal Transcriptional Regulation of IL-10-Induced Anti-Inflammatory Genes in LPS-Triggered Macrophages

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Open Journal of Immunology 2014年第3期4卷 96-116页

作者： Amanda F. Dillow Leah n. Cardwell Tyler J. smith Brad D. Groppe Brian A. Peterson Maxwell A. Sickman Brian K. Weaver 不详

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) mediates an anti-inflammatory response that is executed through the expression of IL-10-induced genes. Certain IL-10-induced genes, exemplified by TnIP3, are induced by IL-10 only in conjunction with a pro-inflammatory signal. We sought to characterize the mechanism whereby IL-10 and Toll-like receptor signals synergized to induce expression of genes like TnIP3 inmacrophages. Stimulation with IL-10 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synergistically induced an increase in the transcription rate of TnIP3, while having no effect on its mRnA stability. This transcriptional mechanism proved to be generalizable to 14 other genes that also were synergistically induced by IL-10 and LPS in monocytes/macrophages. Although all of the genes had this synergistic transcriptional regulation in common, they could be divided into three subsets based on their differential requirements for de novo protein synthesis and kinetics of expression: namely, primary response genes, early secondary response genes, and late secondary response genes. This coordinated and temporal pattern of transcriptional regulation in response to IL-10 and LPS was conserved in both human and mouse monocytes/macrophages, and it was associated with differential dependencies on PI3K and JnK signaling pathways. These results underscore the complex nature of the IL-10-induced transcriptional response that occurs specifically in LPS-triggered macrophages.

关键词： IL-10 TLR Macrophage Inflammation Transcription

Dietary substitution of soybean oil with coconut oil in the absence of dietary antibiotics supports growth performance and immune function in nursery and grower pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 480-492页

作者： Andrea G.Braundmeier-Fleming Cassandra S.Skenandore Lesly Gil Victoria Jacobsen Melissa Cregger Taylor Badger Mallory Karr Guoyao Wu Stephen B.smith Annie E.newell-Fugate Department of Medical Microbiology Immunology and Cell BiologySchool of MedicineSouthern Illinois UniversitySpringfieldIL 62702USA Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M University4466 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University2471 TAMUCollege StationTX 77843USA

Background:We hypothesized that supplementation of nursery and grower pig diets with coconut oil in the absence of antibiotics would yield maintenance of glucose homeostasis,growth performance,and immune function similar to what is achieved with nursery and grower pig diets containing *** received the same base treatment diets from d24(weaning)to d71 of age and had blood and fecal samples collected on d24,d31,d45 and d71 for measurement of whole blood glucose,serum insulin,cortisol and cytokines,and fecal *** had weekly weights and daily feed consumption measured throughout the *** were euthanized at d71 and subcutaneous fat and ileal contents were collected for assessment for fatty acids and microbiome,*** treatments consisted of 2%soybean oil plus antibiotics(ABX;n=22),2%soybean oil without antibiotics(nABX;n=22),and 2%coconut oil without antibiotics(COC;n=22).Statistical analysis examined the effect of diet within each timepoint using a repeated measures ***:Pigs fed COC diet had decreased serum insulin levels,maintained feed intake,feed conversion and weight gain,and,based on serum cytokines and fecal microbiome,were immunologically similar to ABX-fed ***,nABX-fed pigs performed similarly to the ABX-fed pigs in all parameters except for serum ***,there was no difference in the incidence of diarrhea between any of the diet ***:This study demonstrates that dietary antibiotics are not necessary to maintain growth performance in nursery and grower ***,dietary antibiotics appear to modulate circulating cytokine *** coconut oil is neither harmful nor helpful to growth performance or immune function in nursery and grower pigs but does modulate serum insulin ***,while coconut oil fed at 2%by weight is a suitable substitute for dietary antibiotics,this study suggests that no substitute for dietary antibiotics is needed at all.

关键词： Alternatives Antibiotic supplementation Grower pigs Medium chain fatty acids nursery pigs Oil

A Meta-Analysis of the Genome-Wide Association Studies on Two Genetically Correlated Phenotypes Suggests Four new Risk Loci for Headaches

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Phenomics 2023年第1期3卷 64-76页

作者： Weihua Meng Parminder S.Reel Charvi nangia Aravind Lathika Rajendrakumar Harry L.Hebert Qian Guo Mark J.Adams Hua Zheng Zen Haut Lu Me Research Team Debashree Ray Lesley A.Colvin Colin n.A.Palmer Andrew M.McIntosh Blair H.smith nottingham ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China Division of Population Health and Genomics Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolUniversity of DundeeDundee DD24BFUK Division of Psychiatry Edinburgh Medical SchoolUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH105HFUK Department of Anaesthesiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences Universiti Brunei DarussalamBandar Seri Begawan BE1410Brunei Darussalam andMe Inc.SunnyvaleCA 94086USA Department of Epidemiology Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biostatistics Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA

Headache is one of the commonest complaints that doctors need to address in clinical *** genetic mechanisms of different types of headache are not well understood while it has been suggested that self-reported headache and self-reported migraine were genetically *** this study,we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)on the self-reported headache phenotype from the UK Biobank and the self-reported migraine phenotype from the 23andMe using the Unified Score-based Association Test(metaUSAT)software for genetically correlated phenotypes(n=397,385).We identified 38 loci for headaches,of which 34 loci have been reported before and four loci were newly *** LDL receptor related protein 1(LRP1)-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6(STAT6)-Short chain Dehydrogenase/Reductase family 9C member 7(SDR9C7)region in chromosome 12 was the most significantly associated locus with a leading p value of 1.24×10^(-62)of *** One Cut homeobox 2(OnECUT2)gene locus in chromosome 18 was the strongest signal among the four new loci with a p value of 1.29×10^(-9)of *** study demonstrated that the genetically correlated phenotypes of self-reported headache and self-reported migraine can be meta-analysed together in theory and in practice to boost study power to identify more variants for *** study has paved way for a large GWAS meta-analysis involving cohorts of different while genetically correlated headache phenotypes.

关键词： Headache Migraine Unified Score-based Association Test Correlated phenotypes Meta-analysis Genome-wide association study

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实验性人牙颈部缺损的扫描电镜研究

实验性人牙颈部缺损的扫描电镜研究

全国第四次牙体牙髓病学术会议

作者：王嘉德 B．G．n.smith 北京医科大学口腔医学院伦敦大学GuY氏医院牙科学院

＜正＞用扫描电镜观察12对双尖牙在模拟横刷牙、酸蚀和力分别或联合作用后颈部形成的缺损表面结构和剖面硬组织的改变;缺损表面的改变反映了三种因素协同致损的结果;缺损剖面观察到了釉质和牙本质的微裂和损伤,说明模拟的力在实验...

＜正＞用扫描电镜观察12对双尖牙在模拟横刷牙、酸蚀和力分别或联合作用后颈部形成的缺损表面结构和剖面硬组织的改变;缺损表面的改变反映了三种因素协同致损的结果;缺损剖面观察到了釉质和牙本质的微裂和损伤,说明模拟的力在实验过程中,使牙颈部硬组织发生了应力疲劳

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工业用中间合金细化晶粒的作用

轻合金加工技术 1986年第8期 33-37+12页

作者： n.W.Blake R.W.smith 金旭东杨小永

在半连续铸锭和铸件生产中,晶粒细化会带来很多好处。在半连续铸造中,采取细化晶粒的措施后,可以提高铸造速度,减少裂纹、冷隔和偏析,提高坚固性,对于改善合金的机械性能也有重要作用。工业生产中,经常通过在铸造前的某个时候向熔体添... 详细信息

在半连续铸锭和铸件生产中,晶粒细化会带来很多好处。在半连续铸造中,采取细化晶粒的措施后,可以提高铸造速度,减少裂纹、冷隔和偏析,提高坚固性,对于改善合金的机械性能也有重要作用。工业生产中,经常通过在铸造前的某个时候向熔体添加变质剂来细化晶粒,这些变质剂是含少量钛或含少量钛、硼的母合金,通常称为“中间合金”。目前,很多不同的中间合金在工业上得到了应用,采用何种形式和成分的中

关键词：中间合金 TIA TIB 母合金细化晶粒晶粒细化再结晶

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期34卷 734-738页

作者： James B.Hittner Folorunso O.Fasina Almira L.Hoogesteijn Renata Piccinini Dawid Maciorowski Prakasha Kempaiah Stephen D.smith Ariel L.Rivas Department of Psychology College of CharlestonCharlestonSouth CarolinaUnited States of America29424 Food and Agriculture Organization Dar es SalamTanzania&Department of Veterinary Tropical DiseasesUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa0010 Human Ecology Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados(CINVESTAV)MéridaMéxico97133 Department of Veterinary Medicine University of MilanMilanItaly20122 Loyola University Medical Center ChicagoIllinoisUnited States of America60153 Institute for Resource Information Science College of AgricultureCornell UniversityIthacaUnited States of America14853 Center for Global Health Department of Internal MedicineMedical SchoolUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUnited States of America87131

The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc around the globe and caused significant disruptions across multiple domains[1].Moreover,different countries have been differentially impacted by COVID-19—a phenomenon that is d... 详细信息

关键词： Strongly COV Death

xF_3(x,Q^2) Structure Function and Gross-Llewellyn smith Sum Rule with nuclear Effect and Higher Twist Correction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第12期65卷 663-670页

作者： n.M.nath A.Mukharjee M.K.Das J.K.Sarma Department of Physics Rajiv Gandhi University High Energy Physics Laboratory Department of Physics Tezpur University

We present an analysis of the xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and Gross-Llewellyn smith(GLS) sum rule taking into account the nuclear effects and higher twist correction. This analysis is based on the results presented in[n.M. nath, et al., Indian J. Phys. 90(2016) 117]. The corrections due to nuclear effects predicted in several earlier analysis are incorporated to our results of xF_3(x,Q^2) structure function and GLS sum rule for free nucleon, corrected upto next-next-to-leading order(nnLO) perturbative order and calculate the nuclear structure function as well as sum rule for nuclei. In addition, by means of a simple model we have extracted the higher twist contributions to the nonsinglet structure function xF_3(x,Q^2) and GLS sum rule in nnLO perturbative orders and then incorporated them to our results. Our nnLO results along with nuclear effect and higher twist corrections are observed to be compatible with corresponding experimental data and other phenomenological analysis.

关键词： perturbative QCD Regge theory nuclear effect higher twist effect