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A child's world : infancy through adolescence / Diane e. Papalia, sally Wendkos Olds, Ruth Duskin Feldman. Updated 9th ed.

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A global perspective in asthma： from phenotype to endotype

2004年

作者： Diane e. Papalia sally Wendkos Olds Ruth Duskin Feldman.

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第1期126卷 166-174页

作者： Min Xie sally e. Wenzel University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute Division of PulmonaryAllergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine TongjiHospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Scienceand Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China

Asthma affects about 300 million people worldwide, placing an enormous strain on health resources inmany countries. evidence is increasing that asthma is a complex condition with different underlying pathophysiologiesJ Scientists around the world have devoted much effort to unveiling this heterogeneity, from phenotyping initially focused on combinations of clinical characteristics, towards endotypes evolving which link pathophysiological mechanism to subtypes of asthma.2 The identification of these endotypes, either by matching biology, genetics and therapeutic responses with clinically defined phenotypes or through unbiased genomic approaches, remains limited.3 Moving forward, ongoing studies that expand on these insights into the molecular signatures should enhance our ability to define the endotypes and lead to more targeted approaches to asthma therapy.4

关键词： asthma phenotype endotype pathophysiology

The association between Tai Chi exercise and safe driving performance among older adults： An observational study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 83-94页

作者： sally Miller Ruth e.Taylor-Piliae School of Nursing Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37240 USA College of Nursing The University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Background: Age-related cognitive and physical decline can impair safe driving performance. Tai Chi exercise benefits cognitive and physical function and may influence safe driving performance in older adults. The primary aim of this observational study was to compare cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance among older adult Tai Chi practitioners to normative reference *** aims were to examine relationships between Tai Chi exercise habits, cognitive processes, and physical function related to safe driving performance and to explore potential predictors of safe driving ***: The Driving Health Inventory, the Driving Scenes Test, other driving-related cognitive and physical measures, and self-reported measures including the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale(MAAS) and the Vitality Plus Scale(VPS) were collected from current Tai Chi practitioners(n = 58; age 72.9 ± 5.9 years, mean ± SD) with median >3 years Tai Chi ***: Compared to normative reference values, participants performed better on numerous cognitive measures including the Driving Scenes Test(p e navigation(p = 0.017, d = 0.27), the Useful Field of View Test(p easures including the Rapid Walk Test(p e Right Foot Tapping Test,(p ed higher than normative reference values on MAAS and VPS(p espectively). Statistically significant correlations were found between several study measures. The digit span backward test was the strongest predictor of safe driving performance(β = 0.34,p = 0.009).Conclusion: Tai Chi exercise has the potential to impact cognitive processes and physical function related to safe driving performance. Further study using randomized controlled trials, structured Tai Chi exercise doses, and driving simulator or on-road driving performance as outcome measures

关键词：成年人开车性能安全傣族物理功能协会年龄相关

Biomimetics of Campaniform Sensilla:Measuring Strain from the Deformation of Holes

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2007年第2期4卷 63-76页

作者： Julian F. V. Vincent sally e. Clift Carlo Menon Department of Mechanical engineering The University of BathBath BA2 7AYUK Advanced Concepts Team European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkThe Netherlands

We present a bio-inspired strategy for designing embedded strain sensors in space structures. In insects, the campaniform sensillum is a hole extending through the cuticle arranged such that its shape changes in response to loads. The shape change is rotated through 90° by the suspension of a bell-shaped cap whose deflection is detected by a cell beneath the cuticle. It can be sensitive to displacements of the order of 1 nm. The essential morphology, a hole formed in a plate of fibrous composite mate- rial, was modelled by Skordos et al. who showed that global deformation of the plate （which can be flat, curved or a tube） induces higher local deformation of the hole due to its locally higher compliance. Further developments reported here show that this approach can be applied to groups of holes relative to their orientation. , The morphology of the sensillum in insects suggests that greater sensitivity can be achieved by arranging several holes in a regular pattern; that if the hole is oval it can be ＂aimed＂ to sense specific strain directions; and that either by controlling the shape of the hole or its relationship with other holes it can have a tuned response to dynamic strains. We investigate space applications in which novel bio-inspired strain sensors could successfully be used.

关键词： campaniform sensillum strain displacement compliance hole remote sensing fibrous composite

Classification of Plant endogenous States Using Machine Learning-Derived Agricultural Indices

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 474-483页

作者： sally Shuxian Koh Kapil Dev Javier Jingheng Tan Valerie Xinhui Teo Shuyan Zhang Dinish U.S. Malini Olivo Daisuke Urano Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Translational Biophotonics Laboratory Institute of Bioengineering and BioimagingAgency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Institute of Materials Research and engineering(IMRe) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore

Leaf color patterns vary depending on leaf age,pathogen infection,and environmental and nutritional stresses;thus,they are widely used to diagnose plant health statuses in agricultural *** visible-near infrared-shortwave infrared(VIS-NIR-SWIR)sensor measures the leaf color pattern from a wide spectral range with high spectral ***,spectral information has only been employed to understand general plant health statuses(e.g.,vegetation index)or phytopigment contents,rather than pinpointing defects of specific metabolic or signaling pathways in ***,we report feature engineering and machine learning methods that utilize VIS-NIR-SWIR leaf reflectance for robust plant health diagnostics,pinpointing physiological alterations associated with the stress hormone,abscisic acid(ABA).Leaf reflectance spectra of wild-type,ABA2-overexpression,and deficient plants were collected under watered and drought ***-and ABA-associated normalized reflectance indices(NRIs)were screened from all possible pairs of wavelength *** associated NRIs showed only a partial overlap with those related to ABA deficiency,but more NRIs were associated with drought due to additional spectral changes within the NIR wavelength *** support vector machine classifiers built with 20 NRIs predicted treatment or genotype groups with an accuracy greater than those with conventional vegetation *** selected NRIs were independent from leaf water content and chlorophyll content,2 well-characterized physiological changes under *** screening of NRIs,streamlined with the development of simple classifiers,serves as the most efficient means of detecting reflectance bands that are highly relevant to characteristics of interest.

关键词： drought reflectance indices

effects of feeding rate and formula fineness degree of ring die pellet mill on mechanical property, physical quality, energy requirements, and production cost of poultry diets

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2023年第3期16卷 30-36页

作者： Khaled A.Metwally Reda I.Zaki sally S.Fouda Reem S.Alruhaimi Haifa A.Alqhtani Nouf Aldawood Ayman M.Mahmoud Mohammed A.e.Naiel Department of Soil and Water Sciences Faculty of Technology and DevelopmentZagazig University44511Egypt Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology Department Central Laboratory for Aquaculture ResearchAgriculture Research CenterAbbassa 44661Abu-HammedSharkiaEgypt Bio engineering Department Agricultural Engineering Research Institute(AENRI)Agriculture Research CenterEgypt Department of Biology College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Physiology Division Zoology DepartmentFaculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 62514Egypt Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Science and EngineeringManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M15GDUK Department of Animal Production Faculty of AgricultureZagazig UniversityZagazig 44511Egypt

The effect of a machine feeding rate(FR;1,1.5 and 2 Mg/h)and/or three levels of selected fineness degree(FD;3,5 and 7 mm)on machine performance,pellet physical parameters,required energy and production cost of three main types of broilers diets were examined in this *** examined broiler diets were formulated to meet the Ross 308 strain requirements.A complete factorial design(3×3×3)was used to identify the effects of studied factors on the pellet mill machine and pellet *** obtained results indicated that the pellet mill productivity significantly(p˂0.001)improved through increased pellet mill feeding rate *** addition,the machine pelleting efficiency was found to be significantly affected by all studied variables and their *** the total power consumption of the machine showed no variations under the impact of the tested factors or with any of their *** the pellet physical quality indices,all broiler diets with all selected FD and lower FR had the maximum durability and bulk density ***,lower feeding rates were associated with higher hardness *** lowest production costs were substantially correlated with high FR and intermediate FD(5 mm).Furthermore,production costs were determined to be reduced in finisher broiler diets under different feeding ***,manufacturing costs of finisher broiler meals were observed to decrease in several feeding ***,these findings indicate the capabilities of producing high-quality pellets and reducing the needed production costs by optimizing feeding rates to 2 Mg/h and 2 mm fineness in broiler diets.

关键词： feeding rate fineness degree broiler diets pellet quality production cost

Secondary antiviral metabolites from fungi with special reference to coronaviruses

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BIOCeLL 2022年第8期46卷 1979-1988页

作者： MOHAMeD SALeM MOHAMMAD eL-MeTWALLY WeSAMeLDIN SABeR sally NeGM ATTALLA eL-KOTT YASSeR MAZROUA ABeeR MAKHLOUF MAHMOUD MOUSTAFA Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and ArtKing Khalid UniversityMohailAssirSaudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceDamanhour UniversityEl-BeheraEgypt Microbial Activity Unit Department of MicrobiologySoilsWater and Environment Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterGizaEgypt Life Sciences Department College of Science and ArtKing Khalid UniversityMohailAseerSaudi Arabia Unit of Food Bacteriology Central Laboratory of Food HygieneMinistry of HealthSharkiaEgypt Department of Biology College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Zoology Department Faculty of ScienceDamanhour UniversityEl-BeheraEgypt Department of Business Administration Community CollegeKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Agricultural economics Faculty of AgricultureTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Botany Faculty of AgricultureMenoufia UniversitySheben El-KomMenoufiaEgypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley UniversityQenaEgypt

Profound inspection of the life forms on the earth teaches how to be the complexity of interrelationships among the various *** of the emergence of novel viruses all the time and the inadequate of vaccines and antivirals,viral contagions are amongst the most causative diseases affecting people *** exemplify a massive source of bioactive molecules as,many fungal secondary metabolities like Oxoglyantrypine,Carneic acid F,Scedapin C,Asteltoxin e,Phomanolide,Norquinadoline A and Quinadoline B have antiviral *** review deals with how secondary metabolites of fungi can help in the war against viruses in general and especially Coronaviruses moreover several pieces of literature pointed out that many clusters of fungi in different biotopes are waiting to be exploited.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Antibiotics Virus Fungi

Numerical Simulation of Mixing in a Micro-well Scale Bioreactor by Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2002年第2期18卷 113-116页

作者： Hu Zhang sally Lamping Parviz Ayazi Shamlou Advanced Biochemical engineering Centre University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7JE

The introduction of the multi well plate miniaturisation technology with its associated automated dispensers, readers and integrated systems coupled with advances in life sciences has a propelling effect on the rate at which new potential drug molecules are discovered. The translation of these discoveries to real outcome now demands parallel approaches which allow large numbers of process options to be rapidly assessed. The engineering challenges in achieving this provide the motivation for the proposed work. In this work we used computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis to study flow conditions in a gas liquid contactor which has the potential to be used as a fermenter on a multi well format. The bioreactor had a working volume of 6 5 mL with the major dimensions equal to those of a single well of a 24 well plate. The 6 5 mL bioreactor was mechanically agitated and aerated by a single sparger placed beneath the bottom impeller. Detailed numerical procedure for solving the governing flow equations is given. The CFD results are combined with population balance equations to establish the size of the bubbles and their distribution in the bioreactor. Power curves with and without aeration are provided based on the simulated results.

关键词： CFD Numerical simulation Fermenter Snapshot method Two fluid Population balance

Peeking into the underground relationships: interactions between root hemiparasitic Pedicularis species and their biotic/abiotic environments

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Peeking into the underground relationships: interactions bet...