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气候紧急状况与高等教育

清华大学教育研究 2024年第1期45卷 6-16,49页

作者：西蒙·马金森赵琳(译) 牛津大学教育系美国清华大学教育研究院北京100084

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的... 详细信息

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的主要组成部分是国家和个人:国家是集体利益的重要保障,个人则负责自我完善和实现社会价值。气候紧急状况突显了世界各国的能力,既要在中央层面有效组织,又要对地方机构下放权力,使其能够有效解决地区问题和灾害。高等教育机构与政府合作,在以下方面发挥着核心作用:推进和捍卫科学,提升治理的知识和技能,培养在地方、社区、国家、区域和全球范围内有效开展社会行动的反思性主体。气候紧急状况还呼唤对课程进行全面改革,使其符合生态生存的要求。高等教育具有先进的跨国合作能力,可以助力民族国家推进稳定的全球合作进程,这一合作进程充满困难却至关重要。在解决这些问题方面,中国和中国的高等教育具有强大的内生传统,包括古代传统和近代传统。这些传统包括中华民族的共识作用,其在有效运用时可以获得广泛的公众支持;在中央政策框架内进行深度权力下放的治理方式;儒家文化所倡导的修身,能够培养出具有自我反思能力的终身学习者;以及“天下”的观念——一种基于道德价值观和行为规范而非强制的全球合作方法。如果再结合西方所尊崇的个人自由和主动性,上述特质在中国乃至全世界应对气候紧急状况方面都将大有可为。

关键词：气候紧急状况生态过度消费政府权力下放高等教育儒家思想科学

National/Global Synergy in the Development of Higher Education and Science in China since 1978

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Frontiers of Education in China 2018年第4期13卷 486-512页

作者： simon marginson ESRC/OFSRE Centre for Global Higher Education Department of EducationUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX13JAUK

The paper reviews the rapid development of higher education and science in China in the last forty *** discusses the conditions and strategies of that development,including the ways that it embodies a distinctive Chinese approach to higher *** particular,the paper reflects on the policies whereby China coordinated with globalization in higher education and science after 1978,in building national capacity and global ***,nation-state policy goals and accelerated investment on their own are necessary but not sufficient(otherwise Saudi Arabia’s research universities would be stronger than they are).The effective national/global synergy developed by China,made possible by the international openness and part-devolution to science communities that was implemented in the Deng Xiaoping era,has been crucial in the rapid rise of China’s universities and *** national/global synergy-and its potentials,tensions and limits-in turn has determined the nature of the achievement and will shape its future evolution.

关键词： China higher education universities research science globalization devolution Deng Xiaoping

Academic Freedom:A Global Comparative Approach

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Frontiers of Education in China 2014年第1期9卷 24-41页

作者： simon marginson Institute of Education University of LondonLondon WCIH OALUK

Academic freedom is best understood not as an abstract universal principle or an ideal state of being but as concrete university practices nested in specific relational *** such,practices of academic freedom vary across the world,according to variations in political cultures,educational cultures and state-university *** article discusses these variations with particular reference to differences between universities associated with the limited liberal states of the English-speaking world,and those associated with comprehensive East Asian states in the Sinic tradition,including *** the different traditions there is no point in imposing judgments on one system in terms of the norms of another,but worth exploring the potential for common *** world-wide approach to academic freedom would need to combine a universal element with space for context-specific elements.

关键词： higher education political culture academic freedom globalization China

The World-Class Multiversity:Global Commonalities and National Characteristics

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Frontiers of Education in China 2017年第2期12卷 233-260页

作者： simon marginson Institute of Education University College LondonLondon WC1H 0ALUK

World-Class Universities(WCUs)are nationally embedded comprehensive higher education institutions(HEIs)that are closely engaged in the global knowledge *** article reviews the conditions of possibility and evolution of *** interpretations are used to explain worldwide higher education:neoliberal theory,institutional theory,and critical political economy,which give greater recognition than the other theories to the role of the state and variations between *** higher education is evolving under conditions of globalization,organizational modernization(the New Public Management),and in some countries,*** larger conditions have become manifest in higher education in three widespread tendencies:massification,the WCU movement,and organizational *** last includes the strengthening of the role of the large multi-disciplinary multi-purpose HEIs(“multiversities”),in the form of both research-intensive WCUs with significant global presence,and other *** role of binary sector and specialist HEIs has *** WCUs gain status and strategic advantage in both quantity and quality:through growth and the expansion of scope,and through selectivity and research *** balance between quantity and quality is now resolved at larger average size and broader scope than *** final section of the article reviews WCUs in China and considers whether they might constitute a distinctive university model.

关键词： comparative education globalisation World-Class University university ranking research New Public Management massification China institutional theory

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BOOK REVIEW

Frontiers of Education in China 2018年第1期13卷 152-159,160-162页

作者： simon marginson University College London

Within the realm of higher education,the French dual system,namely,universities and grandesécoles,is unique,compared with the Anglo-Saxon *** is also one of the most popular destinations of international ***,it is fascinating to probe how universities and grandesécoles in France attract overseas students respectively,in terms of their individual strategies and processes of *** book is especially interesting for readers who wish to keep a close eye on international education,as well as those who are curious about the internationalization of higher education in non-English speaking countries,such as France.

关键词： education Saxon destination

Higher Education in the Global Knowledge Economy

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Higher Education in the Global Knowledge Economy

文明的和谐与共同繁荣：人类文明的多元发展模式——北京论坛（2007）

作者： simon marginson The University of Melbourne

In many nations government policy and scholarly work have identified the growing role of higher education and research in the world-wide knowledge *** role of higher education is not limited to fostering the economic development of nations and providing opportunities for individuals,it extends also to promotion of cultural diversity,political democracy and *** is rightly placed on how higher education can better serve society and promote international ***,as yet little attention has been given to how higher education and research are active in the processes of globalization,and are themselves being reshaped by globalization with significant‘feed-back’ effects into nations.

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全球化背景下高等教育公私属性的思考

教育发展研究 2007年第3A期27卷 8-11页

作者：马金森李梅墨尔本大学高等教育研究中心华东师范大学高等教育研究所上海200062

用萨缪尔森的产品概念来界定高等教育产品的公私属性,并以此来分析高等教育的全球性、浮现的世界市场和全球公共产品,那么以是否国有来界定高等教育产品的属性就行不通了。若从社会特性来区分产品的公私属性,那么全球的高等教育产品只... 详细信息

用萨缪尔森的产品概念来界定高等教育产品的公私属性,并以此来分析高等教育的全球性、浮现的世界市场和全球公共产品,那么以是否国有来界定高等教育产品的属性就行不通了。若从社会特性来区分产品的公私属性,那么全球的高等教育产品只能分为非排他性和非竞争性两类。由于公共产品往往在市场上生产不足,所以,充分认识高等教育私有产品在世界市场上的内在属性有现实意义。

关键词：全球化高等教育公共性私有性

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大学科研的全球扩张

教育研究 2019年第9期40卷 95-109页

作者： [英]西蒙·马金森文雯牛津大学教育系牛津0X26PY 清华大学教育研究院北京100084

20世纪90年代,互联网促进了全球科研出版体系的发展。目前在大多数国家,该体系是科学和知识密集型产业进行基于研究的创新的主要来源。借鉴爱思唯尔、科睿唯安和经济合作与发展组织的科研发表数据库,研究描述了近年来全球科研体系有四... 详细信息

20世纪90年代,互联网促进了全球科研出版体系的发展。目前在大多数国家,该体系是科学和知识密集型产业进行基于研究的创新的主要来源。借鉴爱思唯尔、科睿唯安和经济合作与发展组织的科研发表数据库,研究描述了近年来全球科研体系有四个显而易见的主要趋势:科研支出和发表总量快速增长;研究活跃国家数量上升;国际合作论文数量和比例的增长;研究领先国家的多元化。对于全球科研体系的解释有以下四种不同理论视角:国家间竞争的"军备竞赛",世界一流大学在竞争排名中构成的全球市场,网络理论和世界体系理论。分析上述四种理论视角在解释全球科研体系发展上的优势和局限,提出全球科研体系既是一个扁平、开放和包容的开放网络,也具有一定程度的等级秩序,这种等级秩序嵌套在学科、大学和国家的权力关系中。

关键词：科学研究知识生产全球化网络国际合作全球科研体系

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知识经济与全球公共领域(英文)

知识经济与全球公共领域(英文)