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Stepping up to meet the challenge of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease

Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 589-600页

作者： simon Lewis Stewart Factor Nir Giladi Alice Nieuwboer John Nutt mark Hallett ForeFront Parkinson’s Disease Research Clinic Brain and Mind CentreSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson’s Disease and movement Disorders Program Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA movement Disorders Unit Department of NeurologyTel-Aviv Sourasky Medical CenterSackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Rehabilitation Sciences KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium movement Disorder Section Department of NeurologyOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Human motor Control Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA.

There has been a growing appreciation for freezing of gait as a disabling symptom that causes a significant burden in Parkinson’s disease. Previous research has highlighted some of the key components that underlie the phenomenon, but these reductionist approaches have yet to lead to a paradigm shift resulting in the development of novel treatment strategies. Addressing this issue will require greater integration of multi-modal data with complex computational modeling, but there are a number of critical aspects that need to be considered before embarking on such an approach. This paper highlights where the field needs to address current gaps and shortcomings including the standardization of definitions and measurement, phenomenology and pathophysiology, as well as considering what available data exist and how future studies should be constructed to achieve the greatest potential to better understand and treat this devastating symptom.

关键词： Freezing of gait Computational modeling Standardized definitions and assessments Novel paradigms Phenomenology Pathophysiology Treatment

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人工调控抗癌基因—反义信使寡核苷核（Oligos）...

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国外医学（生理病理科学与临床分册） 1993年第1期13卷 50-52页

作者： simon.,m 成凤羚

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Dementia and osteoporosis in a geriatric population: Is there a common link?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第5期8卷 412-423页

作者： Candice L Downey Adam Young Emily F Burton simon m Graham Robert J macfarlane Eva-maria Tsapakis Eleftherios Tsiridis University of Leeds School of Medicine Department of Anaesthetics Pinderfields Hospital Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics the Royal Liverpool University Hospital Academic Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Aristotle University Medical School

AIm To determine the existence of a common pathological link between dementia and osteoporosis through reviewing the current evidence base. mETHODS This paper reviews the current literature on osteoporosis and dementia in order to ascertain evidence of a common predisposing aetiology. A literature search of Ovid mEDLINE(1950 to June 2016) was conducted. The keywords "osteoporosis", "osteoporotic fracture", "dementia" and "Alzheimer's disease"(AD) were used to determine the theoretical links with the most significant evidence base behind them. The key links were found to be vitamins D and K, calcium, thyroid disease, statins, alcohol and sex steroids. These subjects were then searched in combination with the previous terms and the resulting papers manually examined. Theoretical, in vitro and in vivo research were all used to inform this review which focuses on the most well developed theoretical common causes for dementia(predominantly Alzheimer's type) and *** Dementia and osteoporosis are multifaceted disease processes with similar epidemiology and a marked increase in prevalence in elderly populations. The existence of a common link between the two has been suggested despite a lack of clear pathological overlap in our current understanding. Research to date has tended to be fragmented and relatively weak in nature with multiple confounding factors reflecting the difficulties of in vivo experimentation in the population of interest. Despite exploration of various possible mechanisms in search for a link between the two pathologies, this paper found that it is possible that these associations are coincidental due to the nature of the evidence available. One finding in this review is that prior investigation into common aetiologies has found raised amyloid beta peptide levels in osteoporotic bone tissue, with a hypothesis that amyloid beta disorders are systemic disorders resulting in differing tissue manifestations. However, our findings were that t

关键词： Osteoporosis Fracture Dementia Thyroid disease Alzheimer’s disease Elderly Vitamin D Vitamin K Calcium Statins Alcohol Sex steroids

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Ultrathin monolithic 3D printed optical coherence tomography endoscopy for preclinical and clinical use

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 753-762页

作者： Jiawen Li simon Thiele Bryden C.Quirk Rodney W.Kirk Johan W.Verjans Emma Akers Christina A.Bursill Stephen J.Nicholls Alois m.Herkommer Harald Giessen Robert A.mcLaughlin Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute of Applied Optics(ITO)and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany South Australian Health and medical Research Institute(SAHmRI) AdelaideSA 5000Australia Royal Adelaide Hospital AdelaideSA 5000Australia monash Cardiovascular Research Centre Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3168Australia th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via *** endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to ***,current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes,restricting their widespread *** overcome this limitation,we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics(m diameter)on single-mode *** this technique,we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography *** is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported,with a diameter of 0.457 mm,including the catheter *** demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse *** ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.

关键词： smallest utilize overcome

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Towards maximized utilization of iridium for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2275-2280页

作者： marc Ledendecker simon Geiger Katharina Hengge Joohyun Lim Serhiy Cherevko Andrea m. mingers Daniel Gohl Guilherme V. Fortunato Daniel Jalalpoor Ferdi Schuth Christina Scheu Karl J. J. mayrhofer Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering Nanoanalytics and Interfaces Max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH40237 DusseldorfGermany Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis Max-Planck-Institut fur KohlenforschungKaiser- Wilhelm-Platz 145470 Mulheim an der RuhrGermany Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nurnbergfar Renewable Energy (IEK-11) Forschungszentrum Jillich91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Friedrich-Alexander- Universitat Erlangen -Nurnberg91058 ErlangenGermany Institute of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulAv. Senador Filin to Muller1555Campo GrandeMS 79074-460Brazil

The reduction in noble metal content for efficient oxygen evolution catalysis is a crucial aspect towards the large scale commercialisation of polymer electrolyte membrane *** catalytic stability and activity are inversely related,long service lifetime still demands large amounts of low-abundant and expensive *** this manuscript we elaborate on the concept of maximizing the utilisation of iridium for the oxygen evolution *** combining different tin oxide based support materials with liquid atomic layer deposition of iridium oxide,new possibilities are opened up to grow thin layers of iridium oxide with tuneable noble metal ***-situ,time-and potential-resolved dissolution experiments reveal how the stability of the substrate and the catalyst layer thickness directly affect the activity and stability of deposited iridium *** on our results,we elaborate on strategies how to obtain stable and active catalysts with maximized iridium utilisation for the oxygen evolution reaction and demonstrate how the activity and durability can be tailored *** results highlight the potential of utilizing thin noble metal films with earth abundant *** for future catalytic applications in the energy sector.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction liquid atomic layer depositi on catalysis iridium core-shell nano particles

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High entropy fluorides as conversion cathodes with tailorable electrochemical performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 342-351,I0010页

作者： Yanyan Cui Parvathy Anitha Sukkurji Kai Wang Raheleh Azmi Alexandra mNunn Horst Hahn Ben Breitung Yin-Ying Ting Piotr mKowalski Payam Kaghazchi Qingsong Wang simon Schweidler miriam Botros Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Institute for Applied materials±Energy Storage Systems Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Faculty of Science University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada KIT-TUD-Joint Research Laboratory Nanomaterials Technical University DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany Theory and Computation of Energy materials(IEK-13) Institute of Energy and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1) Institute of Energy and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany

With the recent development of high entropy materials, an alternative approach to develop advanced functional materials with distinctive properties that show improved values compared to conventional materials has been provided. The high entropy concept was later successfully transferred to metal fluorides and high entropy fluorides(HEFs) were successfully synthesized. Owing to their high theoretical specific capacities in energy storage applications, HEFs were utilized as cathode materials for lithiumion batteries(LIBs) and their underlying storage mechanisms were investigated. Instead of a step-bystep reduction of each individual metal cation, the HEFs seem to exhibit a single-step reduction process,indicating a solid solution compound instead of merely a mixture of different metal fluorides. It was also observed that the electrochemical behavior of the HEFs depends on each individual incorporated element. Therefore, by altering the elemental composition, new materials that exhibit improved electrochemical properties can be designed. Remarkably, HEFs with seven incorporated metal elements exhibited a better cycling stability as well as a lower hysteresis compared to binary metal *** findings offer new guidelines for material design and tailoring towards high performance LIBs.

关键词： High entropy materials High entropy fluorides Conversion cathodes Tailored electrochemistry Li-ion batteries

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Conservative management of Bilateral Tendoachilles (TA) Rupture—A Case Report

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Surgical Science 2011年第5期2卷 224-227页

作者： Rahul Kakkar simon Chambers malcolm m. Scott 不详

Tendo Achilles ruptures are generally traumatic in origin and while bilateral tendo Achilles ruptures are a rare occurrence, most of them are associated with risk factors or pre-existing disease and generally involve trauma or sporting activities. most of the cases of bilateral rupture are generally treated operatively. A spontaneous onset case of bilateral tendo achilles rupture is reported in a healthy man and its conservative (non operative) management discussed with a review of the literature.

关键词： Bilateral Tendoachilles Rupture Non-Traumatic Spontaneous Conservative Treatment Cast management

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Lipoprotein metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第1期27卷 1-13页

作者： Zhenghui Gordon Jiang simon C. Robson Zemin Yao Department of medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Gastroenterology CLS612Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyOttawa Institute of Systems BiologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntario KIH 8M5Canada

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）, an pathologies characterized by fatty accumulation in escalating health problem worldwide, covers a spectrum of hepatocytes in early stages, with potential progression to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and failure. A close, yet poorly understood link exists between NAFLD and dyslipidemia, a constellation of abnormalities in plasma lipoproteins including triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins. Apolipoproteins are a group of primarily liver-derived proteins found in serum lipoproteins; they not only play an extracellular role in lipid transport between vital organs through circulation, but also play an important intracellu- lar role in hepatic lipoprotein assembly and secretion. The liver functions as the central hub for lipoprotein metab- olism, as it dictates lipoprotein production and to a significant extent modulates lipoprotein clearance. Lipoprotein metabolism is an integral component of hepatocellular lipid homeostasis and is implicated in the pathogenesis, potential diagnosis, and treatment of NAFLD.

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) hepatic steatosis nonalcoholic steatohepatitis apolipo-protein lipoprotein metabolism very low density lipoprotein

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Comparative analysis of thinning techniques in pine forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1145-1156页

作者： maame Esi Hammond Radek Pokorný simon Abugre Augustine Gyedu Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemědělská361300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Forest Science School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesP.O.Box 214SunyaniGhana Forest Services Division(FSD) P.M.BKumasiGhana

Thinning is a necessary and complex forestry *** complexity increases due to theoretical disagreements,contradictory recommendations,and errors of modern practice,which require confirmation through longtime *** article presents a summary of experimental results from plantations established 20–30 years ago and explains concepts of the theory,methods,and regime of thinning in permanent sample plots of pine stands in Gatchinsky forest of the Leningrad *** research results allow for the clarification of growth patterns and age dynamics of pine stands subject to heavy,low thinning,as well as the results of applying the crown(high)thinning technique and a mixed treatment.A combined thinning and fertilization could improve wood quality and yield compared to conventional *** particular scientific importance is the analysis of change in tree diameter classes during growth and after *** research results allow for optimizing the treatment regime in pine plantations and reducing labor intensity by increasing the intensity of thinning and reducing the number of techniques.

关键词： Forest management practices Forest stand Selective thinning Silviculture

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microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy subject to deep cryogenic treatments

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2013年第9期20卷 896-901页

作者： Gui-rong Li Hong-ming Wang Yun Cai Yu-tao Zhao Jun-jie Wang simon P.A. Gill School of materials Science & Engineering Jiangsu University The State Key Laboratory of metal matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Engineering University of Leicester

AZ91 magnesium alloy was subjected to a deep cryogenic treatment. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electronic microscopy （SEm）, and transmission electronic microscopy （TEm） methods were utilized to characterize the composition and microstructure of the treated samples. The results show that after two cryogenic treatments, the quantity of the precipitate hardening β phase increases, and the sizes of the precipitates are refined from 8-10μm to 2-4μm. This is expected to be due to the decreased solubility of aluminum in the matrix at low temperature and the significant plastic deformation owing to internal differences in thermal contraction between phases and grains. The polycrystalline matrix is also noticeably refined, with the sizes of the subsequent nanocrystalline grains in the range of 50-100 nm. High density dislocations are observed to pile up at the grain boundaries, inducing the dynamic recrystallization of the microstructure, leading to the generation of a nanocrystalline grain structure. After two deep cryogenic treatments, the tensile strength and elongation are found to be substantially increased, rising from 243 mPa and 4.4% of as-cast state to 299 mPa and 5.1%.

关键词： magnesium alloys cryogenic treatment microstructure mechanical properties

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