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Cautionary Rem.rks When Testing Agreem.nt between Two Raters for Continuous Scale m.asurem.nts: A Tutorial in Clinical Epidem.ology with Im.lem.ntation Using R

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Open Journal of Epidem.ology 2024年第1期14卷 56-74页

作者： m.ham.d m. Shoukri Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada

Background: When continuous scale m.asurem.nts are available, agreem.nts between two m.asuring devices are assessed both graphically and analytically. In clinical investigations, Bland and Altm.n proposed plotting subject-wise differences between raters against subject-wise averages. In order to scientifically assess agreem.nt, Bartko recom.ended com.ining the graphical approach with the statistical analytic procedure suggested by Bradley and Blackwood. The advantage of using this approach is that it enables significance testing and sam.le size estim.tion. We noted that the direct use of the results of the regression is m.sleading and we provide a correction in this regard. m.thods: Graphical and linear m.dels are used to assess agreem.nts for continuous scale m.asurem.nts. We dem.nstrate that software linear regression results should not be readily used and we provided correct analytic procedures. The degrees of freedom.of the F-statistics are incorrectly reported, and we propose m.thods to overcom. this problem.by introducing the correct analytic form.of the F statistic. m.thods for sam.le size estim.tion using R-functions are also given. Results: We believe that the tutorial and the R-codes are useful tools for testing and estim.ting agreem.nt between two rating protocols for continuous scale m.asurem.nts. The interested reader m.y use the codes and apply them.to their available data when the issue of agreem.nt between two raters is the subject of interest.

关键词： Lim.ts of Agreem.nt Pitm.n and m.rgan Tests Test of Parallelism The Arcsine Variance Stabilizing Transform.tion Sam.le Size Estim.tion

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3D-QSAR analysis of a new type of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 726-730页

作者： LEE simon m. Y Institute of Chinese m.dical Sciences University of Macao Av. Padre Tomas Pereira S. J. Taipa Macao China

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are an im.ortant class of m.dicinal agents used for the treatm.nt of Alzheim.r’s disease. A screening m.del of AChE inhibitor was used to evaluate the inhibition of a series of phenyl pentenone derivatives. The assay result showed that som. com.ounds displayed higher inhibitory effects. In order to study the relationship between the bioactivities; the structures, 26 com.ounds with phenyl pentenone scaffold were analyzed. A 3D-QSAR m.del was constructed using the m.thod of com.arative m.lecular field analysis (Com.A). The results of cross-validated R[2]cv=0.629, non-cross-validated R[2]=0.972, SE=0.331,; F=72.41 indicate that the 3D-m.del possesses an ability to predict the activities of new inhibitors,; the Com.A m.del would be useful for the future design of new AChE inhibitors.

关键词： acetylcholinesterase (AChE), com.arative m.lecular field analysis (Com.A), phenyl pentenone derivatives

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The Clock Protein CCA1 and the bZIP Transcription Factor HY5 Physically Interact to Regulate Gene Expression in Arabidopsis

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m.lecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 58-67页

作者： Christos Andronis simon Barak Stephen m. Knowles Shoji Sugano Elaine m. Tobin Departm.nt of m.lecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA

The circadian clock regulates the expression of an array of Arabidopsis genes such as those encoding the LIGHT-HARVESTING CHLOROPHYLL A/B （Lhcb） proteins. We have previously studied the prom.ters of two of these Arabidopsis genes-Lhcb1＊1 and Lhcb1＊3m.and identified a sequence that binds the clock protein CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 （CCA1）. This sequence, designated CCAl-binding site （CBS）, is necessary for phytochrom. and circadian responsiveness of these genes. In close proxim.ty to this sequence, there exists a G-box core elem.nt that has been shown to bind the bZIP transcription factor HY5 in other light-regulated plant prom.ters. In the present study, we exam.ned the im.ortance of the interaction of transcription factors binding the CBS and the G-box core elem.nt in the control of norm.l circadian rhythm.c expression of Lhcb genes. Our results show that HY5 is able to specifically bind the G-box elem.nt in the Lhcb prom.ters and that CCA1 can alter the binding activity of HY5. We further show that CCA1 and HY5 can physically interact and that they can act synergistically on transcription in a yeast reporter gene assay. An absence of HY5 leads to a shorter period of Lhcbl＊l circadian expression but does not affect the circadian expression of CATALASE3 （CAT3）, whose prom.ter lacks a G-box elem.nt. Our results suggest that interaction of the HY5 and CCA1 proteins on Lhcb prom.ters is necessary for norm.l circadian expression of the Lhcb genes.

关键词： CCA1 bZIP Transcription Factor HY5 Physically Gene Expression in Arabidopsis

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Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis developm.nt

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ram.n Alim. m.riam.E.A.Tschaffon-m.ller Shan Jiang Tobias m.lte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky simon von Kroge Julian Delsm.nn Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa m.lanie Haffner-Luntzer David J.Beech Frank Tim. Beil m.chael Am.ing Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Tim.r A.Yorgan Tim.Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Departm.nt of Osteology and Biom.chanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Departm.nt of Traum. and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biom.chanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Departm.nt Legal m.dicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and m.tabolic m.dicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are m.chanically activated ion channels,which are required for m.chanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously dem.nstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the m.chanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) anim.ls displayed m.ltiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only m.ldly affected in these m.ce,OA pathologies were m.rkedly less pronounced com.ared to litterm.te controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligam.nt transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte form.tion and m.turation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of hum.n ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream.genes in ***,our data do not only dem.nstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists m.y be established as a novel approach to lim.t osteophyte form.tion in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 m.rkedly ossification

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气候紧急状况与高等教育

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清华大学教育研究 2024年第1期45卷 6-16,49页

作者：西蒙·马金森赵琳(译) 牛津大学教育系美国清华大学教育研究院北京100084

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的... 详细信息

气候紧急状况是一场生存危机,迫切需要人们从根本上改变社会经济发展的主导模式。在竞争性积累和过度消费造成的破坏中,当务之急是建立一种可持续的道德秩序,体现建设性的人与自然的关系以及人与人的关系。按照涂尔干的观点,道德秩序的主要组成部分是国家和个人:国家是集体利益的重要保障,个人则负责自我完善和实现社会价值。气候紧急状况突显了世界各国的能力,既要在中央层面有效组织,又要对地方机构下放权力,使其能够有效解决地区问题和灾害。高等教育机构与政府合作,在以下方面发挥着核心作用:推进和捍卫科学,提升治理的知识和技能,培养在地方、社区、国家、区域和全球范围内有效开展社会行动的反思性主体。气候紧急状况还呼唤对课程进行全面改革,使其符合生态生存的要求。高等教育具有先进的跨国合作能力,可以助力民族国家推进稳定的全球合作进程,这一合作进程充满困难却至关重要。在解决这些问题方面,中国和中国的高等教育具有强大的内生传统,包括古代传统和近代传统。这些传统包括中华民族的共识作用,其在有效运用时可以获得广泛的公众支持;在中央政策框架内进行深度权力下放的治理方式;儒家文化所倡导的修身,能够培养出具有自我反思能力的终身学习者;以及“天下”的观念——一种基于道德价值观和行为规范而非强制的全球合作方法。如果再结合西方所尊崇的个人自由和主动性,上述特质在中国乃至全世界应对气候紧急状况方面都将大有可为。

关键词：气候紧急状况生态过度消费政府权力下放高等教育儒家思想科学

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Prevalence and Study of the Clonality of Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se-Producing Klebsiella pneum.niae Strains in Neonatology at the University Hospitals of Abidjan by the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis and the Quantitative Antibiogram

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Advances in m.crobiology 2024年第9期14卷 416-429页

作者： Valérie m.Bengue Gbonon Sidjè Arlette Afran Stanislas Assohoun Egom.i Djeda Franck Arnaud Gnahoré Aboubakar Sylla N’Golo David Coulibaly Nathalie Guessennd Assanvo simon-Pierre N’Guetta m.reille Dosso Antibiotics Natural Substances and Anti-Infectious Resistance Surveillance Unit Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.lecular Genetics Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Genetics and Species Im.rovem.nt Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.chanics and Com.uter Sciences Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Biology and Health Laboratory Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire m.lecular Biology Platform Pasteur Institute of Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Background: ESBL-producing strains of Klebsiella pneum.niae, one of the m.in causes of nosocom.al and hospital-acquired infections, are com.only associated with therapeutic im.asses. Surveillance of these m.ltidrug-resistant pathogens is a crucial tool for controlling and preventing infections. This surveillance involves the use of appropriate m.lecular and phenotypic typing techniques. The choice of techniques is based on criteria such as discrim.natory power, intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility, epidem.ological concordance, ease of use and cost. The aim.of our study was to identify clusters of Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se-producing Klebsiella pneum.niae (ESBL-K. pneum.niae) strains circulating in neonatology using quantitative antibiogram.(QA) and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). m.terials and m.thods: This cross-sectional study included 55 K. pneum.niae strains isolated from.a total of 513 sam.les. These various sam.les are taken from.newborns, healthcare personnel, and the environm.nt. K. pneum.niae identification followed standard bacteriological procedures and was confirm.d using the Vitek® 2 (biom.rieux). The detection of the ESBL phenotype was perform.d using the synergy test. QA and PFGE were used to identify clonal relationships between the various strains isolated. Concordance between these two m.thods was assessed by calculating Cohen’s KAPPA coefficient and Sim.son’s diversity index. Results: Am.ng the 55 K. pneum.niae strains included in this study, 58.2% (32/55) were found to be Extended-Spectrum.Beta-Lactam.se (ESBL) producers. m.st of these strains were isolated from.neonatal sam.les (blood sam.les and rectal swabs). The quantitative antibiogram.m.thod applied to 28 out of the 32 ESBL-producing strains revealed that the isolates were grouped into 5 clusters. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis perform.d on a total of 16 ESBL-producing strains showed the existence of four profiles. A perfect concordance was observed between the two m

关键词： Resistance-Clone-Klebsiella pneum.niae-Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis-Quantitative Antibiogram

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RFLP Tagging of a Gene Pm.2 for Powdery m.ldew Resistance in Wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L. )

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Science China Chem.stry 1994年第5期37卷 531-537页

作者：贾继增 T.E.m.ller S.m.reader m.D.Gale Institute of Crop Germ.lasm.Resources CAAS Beijing 100081 PRC Cam.ridge Laboratory Norwich NR4 7UJUK

A dom.nant gene, Pm.2, conferring the resistance to powdery m.ldew (Erysiphe gram.nis) has been transferred to wheat from.Aegilops speltoides. Sixteen RFLP probes were used to test Line 31 and its parents, showing that Line 31 is a 6B/6S translocation lines. The linkage analysis by five probes indicates that Pm.2 is located on the chrom.som. 6B/6S, and tightly flanked by an RFLP m.rker α-Am.-1 (1.1 cm., identified by RFLP and isozym. analysis. This approach is equally applicable to the identification of other transferred alien genes and the segm.nts of alien chrom.som. introgressed into wheat.

关键词： wheat powdery m.ldew resistance RFLP linkage.

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Com.arative Study of the Physicochem.cal Quality of the Waters of the m.né River (Sassandra Watershed, Ivory Coast) in the Dry Season and in the Rainy Season

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2024年第6期15卷 738-746页

作者： Konan Lopez Kouam. Gansso Valentin Akilinon Olivier simon m.nanga Kom.o Gneneyougo Em.le Soro Bi Tié Albert Goula Science and Technology Departm.nt Alassane Ouattara University Bouak Ivory Coast Environm.ntal Sciences Laboratory Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Ivory Coast

The study carried out on the waters of the m.né River led to an overall assessm.nt of its water quality during the dry season and the rainy season. The analysis focused on eight (8) water sam.les taken from.the river during a period of dry season (January-February) and a period of rainy season (June and Septem.er). The various physicochem.cal param.ters were m.asured according to Afnor standardized m.thods. The readings of tem.erature, turbidity, pH and conductivity m.de it possible to account for the disturbances occurring in water quality. A tem.oral variation correlated with the seasons (dry or rainy) is noted. Turbidity depends on the concentration of suspended solids (SS) in the water and drained particles and therefore on the seasons. Just like the tem.erature, the conductivity changes with the season. The waters of the m.né River are generally acidic. The results obtained show that there is a low level of pollution by chlorides, phosphates, nitrites and nitrates. A slight pollution of the waters of m.né in organic m.tter (chem.cal oxygen dem.nd values are less than 25 m.∙L−1 during dry season and 32.33 ± 4.73 m.∙L−1 during rainy season) was observed. The concentrations of m.tallic trace elem.nts such as iron, m.nganese and alum.num.indicate significant pollution of these waters by these elem.nts. Overall, the waters of the m.né River are of satisfactory quality because all the physicochem.cal param.ters analyzed have values below standards during the dry season as well as during the rainy season with the exception of COD and a few m.tallic trace elem.nts.

关键词： m.né Physicochem.cal Param.ters River Season Water Quality

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高等教育本体论的转向：空间、权力和技术

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清华大学教育研究 2024年第4期45卷 1-13页

作者：西蒙·马金森张婧妍牛津大学教育系清华大学教育研究院

当前地缘政治的发展和紧张对社会空间建构及大学和科学中的权力关系产生影响。高等教育领域的空间建构创新，是将既定的物质性、行动主体的理念以及由此发展出的社会实践三者结合的结果，其中有些社会实践成果进一步构成了该领域持续发... 详细信息

当前地缘政治的发展和紧张对社会空间建构及大学和科学中的权力关系产生影响。高等教育领域的空间建构创新，是将既定的物质性、行动主体的理念以及由此发展出的社会实践三者结合的结果，其中有些社会实践成果进一步构成了该领域持续发展的物质性。“上海软科世界大学学术排名”是一个典型案例，也是中国高等教育“走出去”以转变全球大学关系的早期尝试。大学和科学领域的全球演变历经三个历史层面，并交融至当前的实践中：(1)后殖民主义的发端以及1945年《联合国宪章》与其所确立的主权国际秩序；(2)1990年以来新殖民主义在“美国治下的和平”得到加强以及美国主导的加速全球化进程；(3)在过去的15年里，随着多极化趋势的发展和中国崛起，新殖民秩序部分解体。本文进一步探讨了当前面临的重大挑战，包括人工智能在教育和研究领域的兴起(这本应成为国际合作的主题，但目前尚未实现),以及美国推动的在科学技术领域与中国“脱钩”。“脱钩”策略考虑不周，虽然它已造成干扰，但不太可能实现目标。尽管存在地缘政治因素，大学仍需探索如何在相互尊重的基础上，培育和发展合作性的全球空间。

关键词：高等教育大学研究科学地缘政治国际关系人文地理美国中国

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The Chrom.som.l Control of Leaf Characteristics of Early-Stage Plants in Wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L.)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 159-165页

作者： LI Cun-dong BAI Zhi-ying Ye G m.yagi m.Chapm.n S reader S m.LIU Chun-ji CSIRO Plant Industry Queensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLD 4067Australia Faculty of Agriculture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China College of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China School of Land and Food Sciences University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColney NorwichNR4 7UHUK

Rapid expansion of leaves of early-stage plants in wheat produced by chrom.som.l control of characteristics related to rapid expansion of the first six leaves of wheat were investigated using a set of single chrom.som. substitution lines under two different tem.erature regim.s（TRs）.Results from.this study indicated that several chrom.som.s could be responsible for each of the four characteristics studied（including leaf width,leaf length,leaf elongation rate and leaf appearance index） and that different chrom.som.s m.y be responsible for the sam. characteristics at different *** a sm.ll num.er of substitutions that showed the m.st significant effects on leaf length were found am.ng those that showed the m.st significant effects on leaf width,providing further evidence that these two characteristics are likely controlled by different sets of *** 4B,4D,and 5A are am.ng those that were repeatedly detected to having significant effects on different leaf characteristics at the lower-TR and genes residing on these three chrom.som.s could be *** possibility and its im.lication are discussed.

关键词： wheat leaf characteristics chrom.som.l control

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