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Genetic diversity in old populations of sessile oak from Calabria assessed by nuclear and chloroplast SSR

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第5期16卷 1111-1120页

作者： Antonio LUPINI Meriem Miyassa ACI Antonio MAUCERI Giuseppe LUZZI silvio bagnato Giuliano MENGUZZATO Francesco MERCATI Francesco SUNSERI Department of AGRARIA Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria Sila National Park Via Nazionale snc National Research Council of Italy Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR-IBBR)

In the framework of forest resources conservation, this study aims to understand the dynamic and the genetic structure of sessile oak forests in Calabria, Italy. Two old populations of sessile oak(Quercus petraea(Mattuschka) Liebl.) from two areas of Sila and Aspromonte massifs in Calabria were analyzed for genetic diversity and population structure based on 6 nuclear simple sequence repeat(nSSR) and 4 chloroplastic SSR(cpSSR) loci. The populations displayed high amount of genetic diversity, which was toughly structured according to their geographical origins. Number of alleles at SSR loci ranged from 11 to 20 with an average of 13.5 per locus. Gene diversity(expected heterozygosity, He) estimates ranged from 0.575 to 0.834 with a mean of 0.749. The observed heterozygosity(Ho) was on average 0.458 ranging from 0.150 to 0.682. Polymorphism information content(PIC) values ranged from 0.625 to 0.865 with an average of 0.787. The analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) highlighted a significant higher estimated variance within populations compared to among populations. Finally, the analysis of haplotypes by using cpSSR suggested a higher diversification in the population from Sila. Hierarchical clustering analysis grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, which agreed with the geographic origin of populations, and was confirmed by the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components(DAPC). The first cluster included plants/population from Sila massif, while the second encompassed mostly plants/population sampled in Aspromonte massif. Finally, model-based clustering by STRUCTURE analysis also supported the presence of clear genetic structuring in the collection with two major populations(K=2) supported to PCoA analysis as well. Finally, our data indicated the Aspromonte population as a marginal forest with fragmented distribution suggesting different strategies of preservation than in Sila massif.

关键词： Aspromonte and Sila massifs Genetic structure Quercus spp Population genetics Simple sequence repeat(SSR)

Moderate/severe traumatic brain injury as a trigger of chronic neurodegeneration in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第7期15卷 1247-1248页

作者： Sergio bagnato Cristina Boccagni Unit of Neurophysiology and Unit for Severe Acquired Brain Injuries Rehabilitation Department Giuseppe Giglio Foundation

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is the paradigmatic example of acute brain injury,defined as sudden and unexpected structural and/or functional damage to the *** western countries,TBI is a main cause of prolonged disability,and it is even more impactful because it very often affects young *** to past belief,the cerebral damage caused by TBI is not limited to the short temporal phase following the mechanical ***,moderate/severe TBI can trigger several mechanisms of neuronal damage that operate for months or years after the acute injury,potentially leading to neuronal loss and brain atrophy.

关键词： acute damage injury

Nanorocks, volatiles and plate tectonics

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 202-214页

作者： Gautier Nicoli silvio Ferrero Institut für Geowissenschaften Universität Potsdam14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Museum für Naturkunde(MfN) Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions-und Biodiversitätsforschung10115 BerlinGermany

The global geological volatile cycle(H,C,N)plays an important role in the long term self-regulation of the Earth ***,the complex interaction between its deep,solid Earth components(*** and mantle),Earth’s fluid envelopes(*** and hydrosphere)and plate tectonic processes is a subject of ongoing *** this study we want to draw attention to how the presence of primary melt(MI)and fluid(FI)inclusions in high-grade metamorphic minerals could help constrain the crustal component of the volatile *** that end,we review the distribution of MI and FI throughout Earth’s history,from ca.3.0 Ga ago up to the present *** argue that the lower crust might constitute an important,longterm,volatile storage unit,capable to influence the composition of the surface envelopes through the mean of weathering,crustal thickening,partial melting and crustal assimilation during volcanic *** with thermodynamic modelling,our compilation indicates that periods of well-established plate tectonic regimes at<0.85 Ga and 1.7-2.1 Ga,might be more prone to the reworking of supracrustal lithologies and the storage of volatiles in the lower *** hypothesis has implication beyond the scope of metamorphic petrology as it potentially links geodynamic mechanisms to habitable surface *** and FI in metamorphic crustal rocks then represent an invaluable archive to assess and quantify the co-joint evolution of plate tectonics and Earth’s external processes.

关键词： Nanorocks Plate tectonics Volatiles Lower crust

Etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第30期12卷 4807-4812页

作者： silvio Danese Claudio Fiocchi Division of Gastroenterology Istituto Clinico Humanitas-IRCCS in Gastroenterology Milan Italy Department of Pathobiology and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland Ohio United States

Theories explaining the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） have been proposed ever since Crohn＇s disease （CD） and ulcerative colitis （UC） were recognized as the two major forms of the disease. Although the exact cause（s） and mechanisms of tissue damage in CD and UC have yet to be completely understood, enough progress has occurred to accept the following hypothesis as valid： IBD is an inappropriate immune response that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals as the result of a complex interaction among environmental factors, microbial factors, and the intestinal immune system. Among an almost endless list of environmental factors, smoking has been identified as a risk factor for CD and a protective factor for UC. Among microbial factors, no convincing evidence indicates that classical infectious agents cause IBD, while mounting evidence points to an abnormal immune response against the normal enteric flora as being of central importance. Gut inflammation is mediated by cells of the innate as well as adaptive immune systems, with the additional contribution of non-immune cells, such as epithelial, mesenchymal and endothelial cells, and platelets.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Chronic inflammation Mucosal immunity Innate immunity Adaptive immunity Environment Commensal flora

What's hot in inflammatory bowel disease in 2011?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 545-546页

作者： silvio Danese IBD Center Division of GastroenterologyIRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 5620089RozzanoMilanItaly

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease(CD) are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).In this highlight topic series of articles,the most recent advances in the IBD field are reviewed,especially the newly described cytokines,including the therapeutic implications for their *** addition,the interplay between the intestinal microbiota and the host is reviewed,including the role of defensins and dysbiosis in CD ***,the importance of the non immune systems such as endothelial cells and the hemostatic system are highlighted as new players in IBD pathogenesis.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Inflam-matory bowel disease Immunology, Pathogenesis

Intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease:Friend of foe?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 557-566页

作者： Francesca Fava silvio Danese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 11320089 RozzanoMilanoItaly

Inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） arises from disruption of immune tolerance to the gut commensal microbiota, leading to chronic intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage in genetically predisposed hosts. In healthy individuals the intestinal microbiota have a symbiotic relationship with the host organism and possess important and unique functions, including a metabolic function （i.e. digestion of dietary compounds and xenobiotics, fermentation of undigestible carbohydrates with production of short chain fatty acids）, a mucosal barrier function （i.e. by inhibiting pathogen invasion and strengthening epithelial barrier integrity）, and an immune modula- tory function （i.e. mucosal immune system priming and maintenance of intestinal epithelium homeostasis）. A fine balance regulates the mechanism that allows co- existence of mammals with their commensal bacteria. In IBD this mechanism of immune tolerance is impaired because of several potential causative factors. The gut microbiota composition and activity of IBD patients are abnormal, with a decreased prevalence of dominant members of the human commensal microbiota （i.e. Clostridium IXa and IV groups, Bacteroides, bifldobacteria） and a concomitant increase in detrimental bacteria （i.e. sulphate-reducing bacteria, Escherichia coll. The observed dysbiosis is concomitant with defectiveinnate immunity and bacterial killing （i.e. reduced mucosal defensins and IgA, malfunctioning phagocytosis） and overaggressive adaptive immune response （due to ineffective regulatory T cells and antigen presenting cells）, which are considered the basis of IBD pathogen- esis. However, we still do not know how the interplay between these parameters causes the disease. Studies looking at gut microbial composition, epithelial integrity and mucosal immune markers in genotyped IBD populations are therefore warranted to shed light on this obscure pathogenesis.

关键词： Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Microbial dysbiosis Immune tolerance Innate immu-nity Mucosal barrier

The image of the Shanghai 2010 Expo the contribution of single pavilions to Shanghai＇s global image

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2013年第4期2卷 387-399页

作者： silvio Carta Delft University of Technology Architecture/Public Building dulianalaan 134 2628BL Delft TheNetherlands

This article offers a retrospective of the Shanghai World Expo 2010, placing it within an historica（ framework and hence comparing it to the other major World Expos from 1851 on. The study analyzes various national contributions through an architectural lens with regard to their relationship with the Chinese mega-event and finds that the single images generated by each nationa（ pavilion contribute to the construction of the genera（ picture of the 2010 Expo, resulting in an enhancement of Shanghai＇s international reputation on the globa（ stage.

关键词： Shanghai Expo Architectural fairs Image andarchitecture

An innovative heterogeneous transfer learning framework to enhance the scalability of deep reinforcement learning controllers in buildings with integrated energy systems

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 739-770页

作者： Davide Coraci silvio Brandi Tianzhen Hong Alfonso Capozzoli Politecnico di Torino Department of EnergyTEBE research groupBAEDA Lab.Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24Torino10129Italy Building Technology and Urban Systems Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryOne Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)-based control shows enhanced performance in the management of integrated energy systems when compared with Rule-Based Controllers(RBCs),but it still lacks scalability and generalisation due to the necessity of using tailored models for the training *** Learning(TL)is a potential solution to address this ***,existing TL applications in building control have been mostly tested among buildings with similar features,not addressing the need to scale up advanced control in real-world scenarios with diverse energy *** paper assesses the performance of an online heterogeneous TL strategy,comparing it with RBC and offline and online DRL controllers in a simulation setup using EnergyPlus and *** study tests the transfer in both transductive and inductive settings of a DRL policy designed to manage a chiller coupled with a Thermal Energy Storage(TES).The control policy is pre-trained on a source building and transferred to various target buildings characterised by an integrated energy system including photovoltaic and battery energy storage systems,different building envelope features,occupancy schedule and boundary conditions(e.g.,weather and price signal).The TL approach incorporates model slicing,imitation learning and fine-tuning to handle diverse state spaces and reward functions between source and target *** show that the proposed methodology leads to a reduction of 10% in electricity cost and between 10% and 40% in the mean value of the daily average temperature violation rate compared to RBC and online DRL ***,online TL maximises self-sufficiency and self-consumption by 9% and 11% with respect to ***,online TL achieves worse performance compared to offline DRL in either transductive or inductive ***,offline Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)agents should be trained at least for 15 episodes to reach the same level of performance as the online

关键词： transfer learning reinforcement learning building control building energy management

Liver transplantation for unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) using extended criteria donor (ECD) grafts: proceed with caution

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 116-117页

作者： silvio Nadalin Department of General and Transplant Surgery University Hospital TübingenTübingenGermany

Liver transplantation(LT)for colorectal liver metastases(CRLM)seems to be nowadays an established treatment,not only of unresectable CRLM(uCRLM)(1)but also for borderline resectable ones(2,3).For these patients,the benefit of LT vs standard modern advanced palliative therapies ranges between 40-80%(1).Notwithstanding the high rates of recurrence,LT can definitely be considered as a curative option,in particular considering the excellent long-term results recently published by the Oslo group(4).

关键词： Liver transplantation(LT) colorectal liver metastases extended criteria donor(ECD)