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Males armed with big weapons win fights at limited cost in ant-mimickingjumping spiders

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 98-108页

作者： Guocheng Yu Boon Hui Wong Christina J.Painting Hongze Li Long Yu Zengtao zhang shichang zhang Daiqin Li State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering and Centre for Behavioral Ecology and Evolution School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062China Departmentof Biological Sciences National University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore 117543Singapore Te Aka Matuatua School of Science University of WaikatoPrivate Bag 3105Hamilton 3240New Zealand

A core assumption of sexual selection theory is that sexually selected weapons,specialized morphological structures used directly in male con-tests,can improve an individual's reproductive success but only if the bearer can overcome associated costs,the negative effects on the bear-er's fitness ***,recent studies have shown that producing and wielding exaggerated weapons may not necessarily be ***,some traits can be selected for supporting,or compensating for,the expense of producing and wielding such exaggerated weapons.n the ant-mimicking jumping spider Myrmarachne gisti,exaggerated chelicerae are borne only by adult males and not females,showing sexual dimorphism and steep positive allometry with body ***,we determine the potential benefits of bearing exaggerated chelicerae during male contests and explore the potential for costs in terms of prey-capture efficiency and compensation between chelicera size and neighboring trait *** males with longer chelicerae won most of their male-male contests,we found no significant differences in prey-capture effi-ciency between males and females regardless of whether prey was winged or ***'elongated chelicerae thus do not impede their efficiency at capturing ***,we found that the sizes of all neighboring traits are positively correlated with chelicera size,suggesting that these traits may be under correlational *** together,our findings suggest that *** males armed with the exaggerated chelicerae that function as weapons win more fights at limited cost for performance in prey capture and compensate for neighboring structures.

关键词： allometry ant-mimic costs elongated chelicerae threat devices trait compensations

新时代党员干部必备的能力素质论析——基于老一辈革命家家书的思考

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江苏第二师范学院学报 2024年第3期40卷 93-97页

作者：张世昌哈尔滨工业大学马克思主义学院黑龙江哈尔滨150001

老一辈革命家的家书是重要的红色文化资源,在书信中他们殷殷叮咛、切切嘱托,书写了党性和人性相统一的庄严篇章。从干部培养的视角来研读这些家书,我们发现他们把政治信仰作为干部的立身之本,把责任担当当成干部的价值核心,把修身立德... 详细信息

老一辈革命家的家书是重要的红色文化资源,在书信中他们殷殷叮咛、切切嘱托,书写了党性和人性相统一的庄严篇章。从干部培养的视角来研读这些家书,我们发现他们把政治信仰作为干部的立身之本,把责任担当当成干部的价值核心,把修身立德作为干部的必修课题,更把家风建设作为干部的终身课题。在新时代的干部培养上,我们应该多从这些家书中感悟精神,汲取营养,为党的组织工作提供积极的力量。

关键词：老一辈革命家党员干部能力素质家书

旋转生物反应器内球形体培养对人胎盘间充质干细胞炎症因子分泌的影响

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中国组织工程研究 2024年第19期28卷 3012-3017页

作者：张萍萍梁婷婷范明松陈黎张世昌南京医科大学第一附属医院检验学部江苏省南京市210029 南京医科大学第一附属医院产科江苏省南京市210029 南方医科大学深圳医院妇产科广东省深圳市518110 南方医科大学深圳医院检验科广东省深圳市518110

背景:生物反应器内球形体培养是既能维持间充质干细胞干性又能大规模扩增的体外培养方法,明确其对干细胞免疫调节作用的影响有利于指导临床应用。目的:探讨旋转生物反应器内球形体培养对人胎盘间充质干细胞炎症因子分泌的影响。方法:从... 详细信息

背景:生物反应器内球形体培养是既能维持间充质干细胞干性又能大规模扩增的体外培养方法,明确其对干细胞免疫调节作用的影响有利于指导临床应用。目的:探讨旋转生物反应器内球形体培养对人胎盘间充质干细胞炎症因子分泌的影响。方法:从人胎盘组织中分离培养人胎盘间充质干细胞,分别进行二维培养和旋转生物反应器培养,利用倒置相差显微镜、免疫组化染色和CCK-8实验观察细胞形态与增殖能力,RT-qPCR和流式荧光法检测多种炎症因子基因表达与蛋白分泌量。结果与结论:①旋转生物反应器内培养的人胎盘间充质干细胞聚集成多细胞球形体,数量与体积逐渐增加;②苏木精-伊红染色可见旋转生物反应器内培养4 d的人胎盘间充质干细胞在球形体内分布均匀,形态正常;③免疫组化染色显示球形体内有大量人胎盘间充质干细胞的细胞核Ki-67阳性;④CCK-8实验结果显示,生物反应器内球形体培养的人胎盘间充质干细胞活力显著高于二维培养的细胞;⑤RT-qPCR和流式免疫荧光法检测结果显示,旋转生物反应器内球形体培养的人胎盘间充质干细胞中白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素8、白细胞介素10、白细胞介素17、肿瘤坏死因子α和干扰素α的基因表达量和蛋白分泌量显著高于二维培养的细胞;⑥结果表明,旋转生物反应器内球形体培养能显著提高人胎盘间充质干细胞分泌多种炎症因子的能力,加强人胎盘间充质干细胞的免疫调节作用。

关键词：胎盘间充质干细胞生物反应器球形体炎症因子免疫调节

新时代中国共产党培育青年奋斗观的话语逻辑探析

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云南行政学院学报 2024年第5期26卷 40-48页

作者：张世昌杜伟男哈尔滨工业大学马克思主义学院

新时代以来,中国共产党在培育青年奋斗观方面不断强化着话语建设,这不仅激励了青年成长,对党的建设也起到了推动作用。审视新时代党的青年奋斗话语的基本内涵,包括政治维度的强化信仰、国家维度的明确地位、个人维度的实现美好生活和世... 详细信息

新时代以来,中国共产党在培育青年奋斗观方面不断强化着话语建设,这不仅激励了青年成长,对党的建设也起到了推动作用。审视新时代党的青年奋斗话语的基本内涵,包括政治维度的强化信仰、国家维度的明确地位、个人维度的实现美好生活和世界维度的推动人类进步等四个方面的内容。从话语的视角对其内在逻辑进行审视,发现其主要围绕着共性主导与个性尊重相统一,理论性与实践性相统一,价值性与艺术性相统一、正向推动与负向批判相统一等进行展开。从经验的角度对其价值成效进行考量,发现其在个人目标与党的使命完成上实现了良性互动,理论认知与行动外化上形成了协调统一,实践自觉与历史逻辑上实现了有效自洽,青年教育与党的发展上更是深化了价值共通。

关键词：中国共产党青年话语

以甘草和葛根配伍探讨甘草“药辅合一”的作用特点

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今日药学 2024年第7期34卷 509-512页

作者：罗丽敏张仕畅李国锋广州开发区医院药学部广东广州510730 佛山市第一人民医院药学部广东佛山528000 南方医科大学南方医院药学部广东广州510515

目的以甘草和葛根的有效成分探讨甘草和葛根配伍中甘草“药辅合一”的作用。方法通过建立葛根素HPLC法,测定在不同浓度甘草酸下葛根素溶解度的变化。通过Franz扩散池测定不同浓度甘草酸下葛根素透皮速率的变化。结果葛根素HPLC法符... 详细信息

目的以甘草和葛根的有效成分探讨甘草和葛根配伍中甘草“药辅合一”的作用。方法通过建立葛根素HPLC法,测定在不同浓度甘草酸下葛根素溶解度的变化。通过Franz扩散池测定不同浓度甘草酸下葛根素透皮速率的变化。结果葛根素HPLC法符合规定,甘草酸能提高葛根素溶解度和透皮速率。结论甘草和葛根配伍中,甘草酸的存在能改变细胞膜的作用特性,从而解释甘草“药辅合一”的作用。

关键词：甘草甘草酸葛根素配伍药辅合一

Purification of scandium from concentrate generated from titanium pigments production waste

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Journal of Rare Earths 2021年第2期39卷 194-200页

作者： Jie Zhou Shunyan Ning Jiejie Meng shichang zhang Wei zhang Siyi Wang Yedan Chen Xinpeng Wang Yuezhou Wei Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials School of ResourcesEnvironment and MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Nowadays 80%of scandium in China is obtained from titanium pigments production waste through a complex purification *** study mainly focused on the purification of Sc from its concentrate generated from titanium pigments production waste by solvent *** extractants have been tried and 10%D_(2)EHPA-5%TBP-85%sulfonated kerosene exhibited the best extraction performance towards Sc in 7 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)solution,so it was selected as the oil phase.0.5%of H_(2)O_(2)was added into the concentrated solution which can effectively inhibit the extraction of *** the extraction and back extraction parameters are *** preferred extraction conditions were obtained,i.e.,acidity:7 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4),the phase ratio A/O:10,room temperature,mixed contact time:30 min,Sc concentrate:10 g/L,that the extraction rate of Sc in the above conditions was nearly 100%.NaOH was used for back extraction with the stripping rate 99%on the following conditions:5 mol/L NaOH stripping for 30 min at a phase ratio A/O:1 at 90℃.Finally,H_(2)C_(2)O_(4)was used to further purify the back extraction product and Sc_(2)(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)precipitant fo *** final product Sc_(2)O_(3)with a purity over 99.5%was obtained by calcining Sc_(2)(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)at 1000℃for 2 h.A conceptual process for Sc purification was put forward and *** total recovery yield of Sc in the whole process is 95%.

关键词： Scandium D_(2)EHPA TBP Extraction Purification Titanium pigments production waste

Conspicuous cruciform silk decorations deflect avian predator attacks

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 689-703页

作者： Bingjun WANG Long YU Nina MA Zengtao zhang Deyong GONG Rui LIU Daiqin LI shichang zhang Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution&State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhanHubeiChina Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore

Although camouflage as an effective antipredator defense strategy is widespread across animals,highly conspicuous color patterning is not uncommon *** orb-web spiders adorn their webs with extra bright white *** conspicuous decorations are hypothesized to deter predators by warning the presence of sticky webs,camouflaging spiders,acting as a decoy,or intimidating predators by their apparent *** decorations may also deflect predator attacks from ***,empirical evidence for this deflection function remains ***,we tested this hypothesis using the X-shaped silk cruciform decorations built by females of Argiope *** employed visual modeling to quantify the conspicuousness of spiders and decorations from a perspective of avian ***,we determined actual predation risk on spiders using naïve chicks as *** bodies and decorations were conspicuous against natural backgrounds to the avian visual *** attacked the spider main bodies significantly less frequently on the decorated webs than on the undecorated webs,thus reducing predation *** both spiders and decorations were present,chicks also attacked the spider main bodies and their legs or decorations,and not randomly:they attacked the legs or decorations sooner and more frequently than they attacked the main bodies,independent of the ratio of the surface area between the decoration and spider *** the increase in detectability,incorporating a conspicuous cruciform decoration to the web effectively defends the spider by diverting the attack toward the decoration or leg,but not by camouflaging or intimidating,thus,supporting the deflection hypothesis.

关键词： Argiope minuta cruciform decoration predator deflection visual defense visual modeling

Metabolic and immunological effects of gut microbiota in leaf beetles at the local and systemic levels

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第3期16卷 313-323页

作者： Meiqi MA Chengjie TU Jing LUO Min LU shichang zhang Letian XU State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhanChina

Insects’intestinal microbes have profound effects on the host’s physiological traits,which can impact their physiology at both the local(gut)and systemic(body)***,the molecular mechanisms underlying hostmicrobiota interactions,especially in non-model insects,remain ***,tissue-specific transcriptomic analysis has been highlighted as a robust tool in studying host–microbe *** versicolora is a worldwide leaf-eating pest that primarily feeds on willows and *** interplay between gut microflora and this host beetle has yet to be ***,we investigate the effects of the gut microbiota on the body mass of *** larvae,compare the nutrition status of larvae in absence and presence of gut microbiota,and profile gut bacterial loads throughout its developmental larval *** then perform comparative transcriptomic analysis of gut and body tissues in axenic and non-axenic ***,we confirm the expression patterns of representative genes in nutritional metabolism and *** show that weight growth is retarded in conventional larvae,with a concomitant increase of total bacterial load by the 5^(th)development day,and germ-free larvae have a higher glucose content than conventional-reared *** nutritional and immunological analyses indicate that gut bacteria are a burden in the beetle’s larval *** findings elucidate the impacts of gut microbiota on ***,and provide insight into tissue-specific responses to gut microflora in this pest at the genetic level,boosting our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying host–microbe interactions in leaf beetles and beyond.

关键词： gut bacteria insect immunity nutritional metabolism Plagiodera versicolora RNA-seq

Male opportunistic mating increases with intensity of female sexual cannibalism in 3 web-building spiders

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 113-119页

作者： Yubing MA Zeyuan HUA Aijia MAO Daiqin LI shichang zhang State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China&Centre for Behavioral Ecology&Evolution School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore

Sexual conflict is common in animals,and female sexual cannibalism represents an extreme form of sexual *** in many species have evolved a variety of strategies to circumvent or decrease the risk of female sexual *** mating,by which a male mates with a female when she is disturbed or when she is feeding or undertaking moulting,is one of such kinds of strategies,and widely occurs in many animals,especially in ***,whether the occurrence of male opportunistic mating depends on the intensity of female sexual cannibalism remains largely *** predicted a positive correlation between *** this study,we tested this prediction by performing a series of mating trials in the laboratory using 3 species of web-building spiders with different intensities of female sexual cannibalism:Nephila pilipes,Nephilengys malabarensis,and Parasteatoda *** found that the occurrence of male opportunistic mating was positively,though not statistically significantly,correlated with the intensity of female sexual cannibalism,thus supporting our *** together,we provide evidence that male opportunistic mating may have evolved to respond to the selection pressure posed by female sexual cannibalism.

关键词： opportunistic mating sexual cannibalism web-building spider