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作者： shakir Md Ja.idul Alam（海洋）中南大学

学位级别：硕士

在当代,人们依赖不同形式的交通工具进行短途和长途出行。尤其是铁路交通,因其通常具有运量大、成本低和安全性高,而成为全球最受欢迎的客货运输方式之一。根据孟加拉国铁路的数据,该国的铁路网络是世界上最繁忙的铁路网络之一,其每年... 详细信息

在当代,人们依赖不同形式的交通工具进行短途和长途出行。尤其是铁路交通,因其通常具有运量大、成本低和安全性高,而成为全球最受欢迎的客货运输方式之一。根据孟加拉国铁路的数据,该国的铁路网络是世界上最繁忙的铁路网络之一,其每年运输约5400万乘客和超过500万吨的货物。然而,孟加拉国的铁路系统现在面临各种挑战,其中包括:基础设施不足、信号和通信系统陈旧、缺乏安全保障,而这些往往是导致事故发生的重要原因。孟加拉国的新闻机构(商业标准)报道称,2005年至2020年间在不同的平交道口发生的4,914起火车事故中,共有419人死亡,超过2,000人受伤。另一家新闻机构(每日星报)声称,2019年至少有421人在393起铁路相关事故中死亡,366人受伤。这个数字比前几年显著增加,表明铁路交通死亡率呈现出令人担忧的上升趋势。因此,建立一个更强大、更高效的铁路系统来满足孟加拉国对安全、快速交通的高需求已成为当务之急。孟加拉国政府已与总部位于孟加拉国的咨询公司Mazumder Enterprise和中国铁路设计总公司(CRDC)签署了一项设计高铁的协议。预计高铁不仅能缩短出行时间,还能提高安全性。该项目旨在建设孟加拉国两大城市——达卡和吉大港之间的高铁,预计耗资9675.2亿塔卡(约合114亿美元),线路长度为227.3公里。对于在中间站停靠的列车,达卡和吉大港之间的行程时间为73分钟,而直达列车的行程时间为55分钟。目前,它被认为是改善孟加拉国基础设施的最大项目,与目前可用的火车相比,高铁将具有更高的时间效率。另一方面,孟加拉国已就连接两座城市(达卡和吉大港)的高铁进行了可行性研究。根据上述情况,规划新的出行线路、改善出行条件、说服出行者选择铁路作为替代出行方式等策略,并发展能够满足出行需求的交通系统是极为重要的因素。这是孟加拉国在高铁项目上的第一笔投资。对于一个新的交通系统,难以预测旅客出行模式转换的百分比和潜在的乘客量。因此,本研究将计划行为理论扩展为七个因素来进行研究,包括外部影响、信任、求新、感知安全、感知可达性、感知服务质量和感知负担能力。为了预测孟加拉国的旅行者使用高铁进行城际旅行的意愿,本研究调查了外部影响、信任、寻求新奇、感知安全、感知可达性、感知服务质量、感知负担能力以及原始TPB模型的结构之间的联系(例如,态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和行为意图)。问卷中的所有项目均选自以往的相关文献,然后对其进行改造以适应孟加拉国的文化经济和社会条件。所有项目(见附录A)均选自文献。它们采用五点李克特量表表示,即5:非常不同意,4:不同意,3:中立,2:同意,1:非常同意。调查问卷分为两部分,第一部分收集的是个体信息,包括年龄、职业、家庭收入、性别、参与者使用的出行方式和频率,另一部分包含本研究中考虑的所有项目(附录A)。数据采集于2022年9月3日至9月28日,通过在线(Facebook)的方式进行,面向往返于达卡和吉大港市之间的孟加拉人,累计500个样本。其中,不合理的数据需进一步剔除,例如,一份职业选择为家庭主妇、性别为男性的问卷。最终,实验数据样本为410份有效问卷。使用Smart PLS版本4建立结构方程模型(SEM),以验证扩展模型与相关假设。首先,计算Cronbach的Alpha值以确定内部一致性系数,计算结果表明,所有Cronbach的Alpha值都在0.981和0.992之间,即所有因素均被认为是非常值得信赖的。有效性是指测量的准确性,具体来说,是检查调查结果是否真正反映被调查人正在尝试衡量的内容。通常需要验证收敛效度和判别效度。收敛效度是对同一结构的多个指标的一致性的评估。根据一些研究人员的说法,构造的复合可靠性(CR)值均需超过可接受的值0.7。此外,对于所有构造,平均方差提取(AVE)值应大于0.5。经验证,本研究所有构造所获得的结果都符合要求。判别有效性指的是一项措施真正新颖的度量,而不仅仅是其他变量的反映。一般通过比较特定因素的AVE平方根以及该因素与其他所有因素之间的相关性来评估判别有效性。结果表明,所有结果都满足判别效度的要求,因为特定因素的AVE平方根大于该因素与其他所有因素之间的相关性。对于所有结构,还进行了验证性因素分析。结果显示的所有因素的所有项目载荷值均大于0.9且小于1。本研究中发现的所有载荷均具有统计显著性。此后,所有内生潜变量的R值、路径关系和构造的路径系数,可接受的R平方值的结果需要大于建议值0.20。因此,所有R都支持可接受的模型拟合。该模型中行为强度(Bi)构造的R为0.528,证明了本研究中提出的模型的适用性。此后,还为本调查中提出的模型计算了近似均方根误差(RMSEA)和标准拟合指数(NFi),得到的NFi和SRMR值分别为0.845和0.068。建议规范拟合指数(NFi)>0.90

关键词：高速铁路公众认知计划行为理论结构方程建模以及运输政策

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Antioxidant Activities of Okra Protein Concentrate and isolate after Enzyma.ic Hydrolysis

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第9期9卷 1066-1077页

作者： Abdulkareem A. Kareem Kha.idah A. shakir Ma.ie K. Walsh Department of Food Science College of Agriculture Tikrit University Tikrit Iraq Department of Food Science College of Agriculture University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Nutrition Dietetics and Food Sciences Utah State University Logan UT USA

Three different proteolytic enzymes (pepsin, trypsin and papain) were used to prepare okra seed protein concentrate and okra seed protein isolate hydrolysates. The hydrolysates were assayed for antioxidant properties using ra.ical scavenging, reducing power and metal chela.ing assays. The highest degree of hydrolysis (after 360 min) for okra protein isolates was 35.20%, 35.21% and 10.53% for pepsin, papain and trypsin respectively. The highest degree of hydrolysis (after 360 min) for okra protein concentrates was 26.8%, 28.59% and 6.47% for pepsin, papain and trypsin respectively. Pepsin hydrolysates showed higher metal chela.ing activity and ra.ical scavenging activity than trypsin and papain hydrolysates. Trypsin hydrolysates showed the lowest antioxidant activities, which may be due to the low degree of hydrolysis. in general, for antioxidant activity, there was an increase in activity with an increase in the degree of hydrolysis. Similar antioxidant activity was found in both the okra protein isolate and concentrate hydrolysates except for metal chela.ing activity which was higher in okra protein isolate hydrolysates. This may be due to the higher ash concentra.ion in the concentrates (9.4% in concentrates vs. 2.6% in isolates). in this study, pepsin hydrolysates with a final DH of 35.2% showed higher reducing power and metal chela.ing activity than trypsin and papain hydrolysates. Okra protein hydrolysates were found to have varying levels of antioxidant activity, which was dependent on the specificity of the protease and proportional to the degree of hydrolysis achieved.

关键词： Okra Protein Enzyma.ic Hydrolysis Antioxidant Properties

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Object-based image analysis supported by data mining to discriminate large areas of soybean

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interna.ional Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第3期12卷 270-292页

作者： Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior Marcos Rafael Nanni José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior Everson Cezar Paulo Eduardo Teodoro Rafael Coll Delgado Luciano Shozo Shiratsuchi Muhammad shakir Marcelo Luiz Chica.i Geotechnology Applied in Agriculture and Forest(GAAF) State University of Mato Grosso(UNEMAT)Alta FlorestaMato GrossoBrazil Department of Agronomy(DAG/PGA) State University of Maringá(UEM)MaringáParanáBrazil institute of Atmospheric Sciences(iCAT) Federal University of Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAlagoasBrazil Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS) Chapadão do SulMato Grosso do SulBrazil Department of Environmental Sciences(DCA) Forestry Institute(IF)Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRRJ)SeropédicaRio de JaneiroBrazil AgCenter Louisiana State University(LSU)Baton RougeLAUSA institute of Space Technology islamabad Pa.istan IslamabadPakistan

This research aimed to analyze the possibility to estimate and automa.ically map large areas of soybean cultiva.ion through the use of MODiS(Moderate-Resolution ima.ing Spectrora.iometer)*** major techniques were used:GEOgraphic-Object-Based image Analysis(GEOBiA)and Data Mining(DM).in order to obtain the images,the segmenta.ion algorithm implemented by Definiens Developer was used.A decision tree(DT)was created from a training set previously ***-series of images from the MODiS sensor aboard the Terra satellite were acquired in order to represent the wide va.ia.ion of the vegeta.ion pattern along the soybean crop *** time-series data were used only for the CEi ***,to compare the results obtained from GEOBiA,the slicing technique was used at the CEi *** the training,the DT was applied to the vegeta.ion indices genera.ing the thema.ic map of the spa.ial distribution of *** accordance with the error matrix and kappa parameter analysis,tests for sta.istical significance were *** indicate that the classifica.ion achieved by Kappa coefficients is *** short,the obtained results proved that combining vegeta.ion indices and time-series data using GEOBiA return promising results for mapping soybean planta.ion on a regional scale.

关键词： GEOBiA time-series vegeta.ion indices MODiS vegeta.ion dyna.ics

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Efficacy of Ceranock Attract and Kill System as a Control Method of Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Cera.itis ca.itata.in Apricot Orchards in Central iraq

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2013年第9期3卷 732-736页

作者： Mohammed Zaidan Khalaf Hussain Fadhil Alrubeai shakir Al-zaidi Agricultural Research Directorate Ministry of Science and Technology Baghdad Iraq Russell iPM Ltd. United Kingdom

A field experiment was conducted using Ceranock bait sta.ion, ＂attract and kill＂ system to combat Mediterranean fruit fly, Cera.itis ca.itata, in apricot orchards, Central of lraq during the 2013 field season. Control program was implemented in three orchards of mixed apricot va.ieties. Ceranock traps were hung in each tree of two separate orchards. Delta and McPhail traps were used to monitor Medfly popula.ion density in each treated and control orchards. Results indicated that Medfly activity in apricot orchards started during the last week of April coincided with the beginning of maturity for fruits of early va.ieties. The total of trapped insects in monitoring traps after one week of Ceranock applica.ion were 0, 1 and 31 adults for the 1st, 2nd and the control orchards, respectively. Three weeks later and on, the number of trapped adults started to increase drama.ically. At the end of apricot season and after 45 days of Ceranock trap applica.ion, the number of trapped insects in monitoring traps reached 110, 111 and 2,349 adults/week, respectively, for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd orchard. The use of Ceranock traps reduced Medfly popula.ion density by 86%-97%. The percentage of fruit injuries in early maturing va.ieties were 0.75%, 1% and 34% for the 1st, 2nd and control orchards, respectively. While, late va.ieties were 2% and 3% for 1st and 2nd orchards, and 69% for the control. The percentage of reduction in fruit damages reached to 95% and 97%, respectively in the 1st and 2nd orchard. The results of this study demonstrate clearly the efficacy of Ceranock bait sta.ion, ＂attract and kill＂ system as a control measure for Medfly in apricot orchards.

关键词： Mediterranean fruit fly Cera.itis ca.itata Ceranock traps apricot iraq.

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Bifunctional catalysts of Co3O4@GCN tubular nanostructured （TNS） hybrids for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

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Nano Research 2015年第11期8卷 3725-3736页

作者： Muhammad Ta.ir Na.ir Mahmood Xiaoxue Zhang Ta.iq Mahmood Faheem. K. Butt imran Aslam M.Tanveer Faryal idrees Syed Kha.id imran shakir Yiming Yan Jijun Zou Chuanbao Cao Yanglong Hou Research Centre of Materials Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Peldng University Beijing 100081 China Beijing Key Laboratory for Chemical Power Source and Green Catalyst School of Chemical Engineering and Environment Beijing Institution of Technology Beijing 100081 China Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) center building No 3 Room 1c23 College of Engineering King Saud University PO BOX 800 Riyadh 11421 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Educa.ion School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Collabora.ive innova.ive Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China

Catalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions （OER/HER） are at the heart of renewable green energy sources such as water splitting. Although incredible efforts have been made to develop efficient catalysts for OER and HER, great challenges still remain in the development of bifunctional catalysts. Here, we report a novel hybrid of Co3O4 embedded in tubular nanostructures of graphitic carbon nitride （GCN） and synthesized through a fa.ile, large-scale chemical method at low temperature. Strong synergistic effects between Co3O4 and GCN resulted in excellent performance as a bifunctional catalyst for OER and HER. The high surface area, unique tubular nanostructure, and composition of the hybrid made all redox sites ea.ily available for catalysis and provided faster ionic and electronic conduction. The Co3O4@GCN tubular nanostructured （TNS） hybrid exhibited the lowest overpotential （0.12 V） and excellent current density （147 mA/cm^2） in OER, better than benchmarks irO2 and RuO2, and with superior dura.ility in alka.ine media. Furthermore, the Co3O4@GCN TNS hybrid demonstrated excellent performance in HER, with a much lower onset and overpotential, and a stable current density. it is expected that the Co3O4@GCN TNS hybrid developed in this study will be an attractive alterna.ive to noble metals catalysts in large scale water splitting and fuel cells.

关键词： carbon nitride cobalt oxide bifunctional catalyst oxygen evolution reaction hydrogen evolution reaction

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昌盛公司在哈萨克斯坦合作项目中跨文化沟通对策研究

昌盛公司在哈萨克斯坦合作项目中跨文化沟通对策研究

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作者：马龙（DVUMAROV shakir）华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

随着中国“新丝绸之路经济带”及“一带一路”倡议的提出,中国与中亚之间的合作更加深化,带来更多的发展机遇。中国企业对中亚各国的直接投资不断增加,其中哈萨克斯坦作为中亚五国之中的最大国,也是中国”一带一路”倡议中重要的合作国... 详细信息

随着中国“新丝绸之路经济带”及“一带一路”倡议的提出,中国与中亚之间的合作更加深化,带来更多的发展机遇。中国企业对中亚各国的直接投资不断增加,其中哈萨克斯坦作为中亚五国之中的最大国,也是中国”一带一路”倡议中重要的合作国家,中国的企业加大了对哈萨克斯坦的投资。昌盛公司是中国江苏江阴一家主要以经营干燥机、混合机、粉碎机等妖化机械设备制造公司,公司的机械产品主要面对国内及国外市场,在国外市场销售中,其中中亚市场是该公司重点开发的市场。随着中国“一带一路”倡议的实施,近年来加强了对在哈萨克斯坦的发展,陆续在哈萨克斯坦展开了很多合作项目,其中笔者这次参与的合作项目是昌盛公司与哈萨克斯坦CHEM公司合作的,在该合作项目实施中存在一些跨文化沟通的问题。本文先介绍了昌盛公司及CHEM公司概况及该合作项目概况,之后结合问卷调查及访谈对昌盛公司该合作项目的在哈跨文化沟通的管理现状分析。之后分析了昌盛公司与CHEM公司合作项目跨文化沟通问题并对原因进行分析。昌盛公司与CHEM公司合作项目跨文化沟通问题过程中,遇到了很多由于文化冲突或文化差异导致的跨文化沟通的困境。这些问题主要表现在价值观念冲突,语言沟通不畅,生活习惯差异,宗教信仰迥异,人际关系疏离、法律政策不稳定六个方面。发生这些跨文化沟通问题的原因主要有这几个原因:中哈两国存在较大的文化差异,中哈两国企业制度存在差异,中哈两国企业劳动人事政策存在差异,中哈两国企业思维方式差异。最后,提出昌盛公司与CHEM公司在哈跨文化沟通管理的对策建议,提出跨文化沟通的原则包括了求同存异、相互尊重、和谐共处、文化整合这四项原则,提出文化融合策略,包括了加强跨文化沟通、进行跨文化培训及打造共同的企业文化。最后提出本土化策略有:人才本土化(不同岗位人才本土化发展,本土化人才的培养);管理本土化(改善薪酬待遇、创造和谐的工作氛围)以及履行当地社会责任(尽量聘用当地员工,促进当地群众的就业,保证生产经营过程中绿色环保及积极参与当地的公益事业)。

关键词：跨文化沟通文化差异价值观念宗教信仰

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Va.idity of Existing Rain Water Harvesting Dams within Part of Western Desert, iraq

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Engineering（科研） 2019年第12期11卷 806-818页

作者： Khaldoon Khaled Alwan Manal shakir a.i Al-Kubaisi Nadhir Al-Ansa.i Department of Geology College of Science University of Baghdad Iraq Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

The study area.is located within the western part of iraq between La.itude (32°45'0'' - 34°0'0'') North and longitude (39°30'0'' - 40°45'0'') East within Anbar Governorate. it covers an area of 4767.423 Km2 with eleva.ion ranges from 360 to 840 m. The general slope decreases from southwest to northeast. Five old dams identified in the study area. The results of SWAT model showed high curve number (70 - 85) indica.ing low filtra.ion and runoff rate (1.2 - 8.2) mm for the period (1994-2014). These dams have catchment areas ranged between (118.03 - 673.41) km2. They were to be used for agricultural purposes. The results according to the Food, Agriculture Orga.iza.ion (FAO) standards for their distance from agricultural areas using a GiS showed that all are not suitable except dam number (1). The distance to roads showed that dams (1, 4) are highly suitable, (2, 3) are low suitable and dam (5) is not suitable. The average annual quantity of rain water that can be harvested from the 5 dams is about 12.9 million cubic meters.

关键词： Anbar Runoff Suita.ility SWAT Mode

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Applica.ion of Box-Behnken Design for Optimiza.ion of Different Pretreatment Conditions for Cellulase Production

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2017年第3期24卷 51-59页

作者： Sidra.iqbal Muhammad irfan Fouzia Tabassum Ha.iz Abdullah shakir Javed iqbal Qa.i Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of the PunjabNew Campus Lahore 54590Pakistan Department of Biotechnology University of SargodhaSargodha 54590Pakistan

Effects of dilute a.id and a.id steam pretreatments were inspected for cellulose production of Eucalyptus leaves through Box-Behenken design, a three va.iable factors for response surface methodology by Ba.illus subtilus K-18. Ma.imum cellulose production performed in 250 mL erlenmeyer flask with submerged fermenta.ion attained at 50＂C, pH 5, 140 r· min-1 for 24 h. Results showed the efficient cellulose production from a.id steam pretreatrnent （being autoclaved at 15 Psi for 15 rain） than a.id pretreatment. The optimum condition for ma.imum carboxymethyl cellulas （CMCase） was 1.811 iU·mL-1·min-1 （0.8% a.id cone., 10 g biomass loa.ing, 6 h reaction time） and filter paper activity （FPase） was 2.255 iU·mL·-1·min-1 （1% a.id conc., 10 g biomass loa.ing, 8 h reaction time）. Whereas, the a.id steam ma.imum CMCase activity recorded was 2.585 iU·mL-1·min-1 （0.8% a.id cone., 15 g substrate loa.ing and 8 h reaction time） and the highest FPase activity was 2.055 iU·mL-1·min-1 （0.8% cone., 10 g biomass, 6 h reaction time then autoclaved）. Results revealed that a.id pretreated Eucalyptus leaves were better lignocellulosic biomass for cellulose production by submerged fermenta.ion.

关键词： cellulase pretreatment Eucalyptus Ba.illus sp. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

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Performance and Capa.ity Planning of NGN

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interna.ional Journal of Communica.ions, Network and System Sciences 2011年第11期4卷 756-760页

作者： Mustafa shakir Mahmood Ashraf Khan Shahzad A Ma.ik izhar ul Haq 不详

There have been va.ious emerging trends in the deployment of telecom networks recently. Due to libera.iza.ion and technological advancements a common core network for voice and data based on MPLS has been implemented by Telecom service providers. By offering a va.iety of data and multimedia services, the revenue genera.ing process can also be ma.imized. The economic and regula.ion trends also have to be synchronized for the proper and step by step replacement of tra.itional network by NGN. The current flow is to provide users with multitude of services thus meeting their high demands and enhancing revenues for network operators. Class 5 and Class 4 are our legacy circuit switches based upon TDM to transport voice. For handling control functions, call setup and teardown SS7 signa.ing was used. The tra.itional network was designed to support voice services only not being able to meet customers’ demands who require a va.iety of services at an optimum cost. The aim of this work is to present the role of NGN encompassing the telecom network, architecture and technologies. Also it has emerged as a new platform to decrease the CAPEX and OPEX of overall network infrastructure and to ma.imize their revenues. in this paper, we present an upcoming architecture for the transition to NGN which is future proof for going through the migra.ion phase along with the capa.ity and planning of our network.

关键词： Next Genera.ion Network Convergence MSAN Softswitch FTTH

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准噶尔盆地南缘油气勘探中的关键地震技术

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西南石油大学学报（自然科学版） 2009年第5期31卷 31-36页

作者：帕尔哈提钱根宝蒋在超 shakir Shamshy 肖立新中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院地球物理研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院新疆克拉玛依834000 Chevron Company Houstontexasusa77019

针对准噶尔盆地南缘油气地质条件复杂,地震资料品质非常差,信噪比低、静校正问题突出、成像难度大、构造成图精度低等难题,提出了山前复杂构造研究思路、方法和流程,采用了静校正、叠前时间深度偏移成像、构造建模、变速成图等多项关键... 详细信息

针对准噶尔盆地南缘油气地质条件复杂,地震资料品质非常差,信噪比低、静校正问题突出、成像难度大、构造成图精度低等难题,提出了山前复杂构造研究思路、方法和流程,采用了静校正、叠前时间深度偏移成像、构造建模、变速成图等多项关键技术,对南缘重点构造目标(霍尔果斯背斜)进行采集、处理、解释一体化技术攻关,落实了一批有钻探价值的构造圈闭并提供了井位建议,对指导准噶尔盆地南缘油气勘探工作具有重要意义。

关键词：准噶尔盆地静校正叠前偏移速度模型构造建模

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