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Research agenda for the Russian Far East and utilization of multiplatform comprehensive environmental observations

International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第3期14卷 311-337页

作者： Tuukka Petäjä Kirill S.Ganzei Hanna K.Lappalainen Ksenia Tabakova Risto Makkonen Jouni Räisänen Sergey Chalov Markku Kulmala sergej zilitinkevich Petr Ya Baklanov Renat B.Shakirov Natalia V.Mishina Evgeny G.Egidarev Igor I.Kondrat’ev Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Department of Cryosphere Tyumen State University TyumenRussia Pacific Geographical Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences VladivostokRussia Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland Faculty of Geography Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia V.I.Ilyichov Pacific Oceanological Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences VladivostokRussia

The Russian Far East is a region between China and the Russian Arctic with a diverse climatological,geophysical,oceanic,and economical *** southern region is located in the Far East monsoon sector,while the northern parts are affected by the Arctic Ocean and cold air masses penetrating far to the *** economic activities and traffic connected to the China Belt and Road Initiative together with climate change are placing an increased pressure upon the Russian Far East *** is an urgent need to improve the capacity to measure the atmospheric and environmental pollution and analyze their sources and to quantify the relative roles of local and transported pollution emissions in the *** the paper,we characterize the current environmental and socio-economical landscape of the Russian Far East and summarize the future climate scenarios and identify the key regional research *** discuss the research infrastructure concept,which is needed to answer the identified research *** integrated observations,filling in the critical observational gap at the Northern Eurasian context,are required to provide state-of-the-art observations and enable follow-up procedures that support local,regional,and global decision making in the environmental context.

关键词： Russian Far East greenhouse gases aerosol particles insitu observations Earth observation data

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The Silk Road agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program

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Big Earth Data 2018年第1期2卷 8-35页

作者： Hanna K.Lappalainen Markku Kulmala Joni Kujansuu Tuukka Petaja Alexander Mahura Gerrit de Leeuw sergej zilitinkevich Merli Juustila Veli-Matti Kerminen Bob Bornstein Zhang Jiahua Xue Yong Qiu Yubao Liang Dong Liu Jie Guo Huadong Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research(INAR)/Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute HelsinkiFinland Climate Research Programme University of TyumenTyumenRussia Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina The Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences(JirLatest) Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Radiophysics University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny NovgorodRussia Department of Geography Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Meteorology and Climate Science San Jose State UniversitySan JoseCAUSA

The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road(B&R)aims at facilitating the twenty-first Century economic development of ***,climate change,air quality and related feedbacks are affecting the successful development of the environment and societies in the B&R geographical *** most urgent risks related to the atmospheric system,to the land system and to hydrospheric and cryospheric processes are changing climate-air quality interactions,air pollution,changing monsoon dynamics,land degradation,and the melting of Tibetan Plateau glaciers.A framework is needed in which a science and technology-based approach has the critical mass and expertise to identify the main steps toward solutions and is capable to implement this *** Pan-Eurasian Experiment(PEEX)program,initiated in 2012,aims to resolve science,technology and sustainability questions in the Northern Eurasian *** is now identifying its science agenda for the B&R *** fundamental element of the PEEX research agenda is the availability of comprehensive ground-based observations together with Earth observation *** complements the recently launched international scientific program called Digital Belt and Road(DBAR).PEEX has expertise to coordinate the ground-based observations and initiate new flagship stations,while DBAR provides a big data platform on Earth observation from China and countries along the Belt and Road *** DBAR and PEEX have joint interests and synergy expertise on monitoring on ecological environment,urbanization,cultural heritages,coastal zones,and arctic cold regions supporting the sustainable development of the Belt and Road *** this paper we identify the research themes of the PEEX related Silk Road agenda relevant to China and give an overview of the methodological requirements and present the infrastructure requirements needed to carry out large scale research program.

关键词： Silk road Economic Belt air quality land-climate feedbacks Earth observation data in situ observations multiscale modeling SMEa concept Pan-Eurasian Experiment(PEEX)program Digital Belt and road(DBa)program

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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1607-1622页

作者： Giulia Foggi Melissa Terranova Matteo Daghio sergej L.Amelchanka Giuseppe Conte Simon Ineichen Monica Agnolucci Carlo Viti Alberto Mantino Arianna Buccioni Michael Kreuzer Marcello Mele Department of Agriculture Food and Environment(DAFE)University of Pisa56124 PisaItaly AgroVet‑Strickhof ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Centro Di Ricerche Agro‑Ambientali“E.Avanzi” University of PisaPisa 56122Italy School of Agricultural Forest and Food Sciences HAFLBern University of Applied SciencesZollikofenSwitzerland Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH ZurichLindauSwitzerland

Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds(EOC)have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry.A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia *** these,Q-2(named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2,composed of carvacrol,thymol,and eugenol)and C-10(chestnut extract and EOC blend 10,consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene)have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique(Rusitec)in three independent *** this purpose,Q-2 and C-10,dosed according to the previous study,were compared with a non-supplemented diet(negative control,NC)and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin^(R) Ruminant(positive control,PC).Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH,ammonia,protozoa count,and gas *** residues were collected for the determination of ruminal *** d 10,samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene *** of the duration of the fermentation period,Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia(-37%by Q-2,-34%by PC)or methane formation(-12%by C-10,-12%by PC).The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness,whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects,particularly on microbiome diversities,were limited compared to *** All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation,or both,in vitro over a period of 10 ***,several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10,indicating different mechanisms of *** pronounced defaunation caused by PC a

关键词： Additive Bacteria Continuous culture Degradability Fermentation Fungi Greenhouse gas In vitro Microbiome Rumen

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A Review on Silk Fibroin as a Biomaterial in Tissue Engineering

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 275-290页

作者： Tkhu Chang Le Qian Zhang Qingdi Qu Wentong Ding sergej Anatolyevich Lazarev Shuang Pan The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin China Department of Endodontics School of Stomatology Harbin Medical University Harbin China Department of Prosthodontics Bashkir State Medical University Ufa Russia

Regenerative medicine progress is based on the development of cell and tissue bioengineering. One of the aims of tissue engineering is the development of scaffolds, which should substitute the functions of the replaced organ after their implantation into the body. The tissue engineering material must meet a range of requirements, including biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and elasticity. Furthermore, the materials have to be attractive for cell growth: stimulate cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. One of the natural biomaterials is silk and its component (silk fibroin). An increasing number of scientists in the world are studying silk and silk fibroin. The purpose of this review article is to provide information about the properties of natural silk (silk fibroin), as well as its manufacture and clinical application of each configuration of silk fibroin in medicine. Materials and research methods. Actual publications of foreign authors on resources PubMed, Medline, E-library have been analyzed. The selection criteria were materials containing information about the structure and components of silk, methods of its production in nature. This article placed strong emphasis on silk fibroin, the ways of artificial modification of it for use in various sphere of medicine.

关键词： Tissue Engineering Biomaterial Scaffold Silk Fibroin

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THREE WAY DECOMPOSITION FOR THE BOLTZMANN EQUATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2009年第2期27卷 184-195页

作者： Ilgis Ibragimov sergej Rjasanow Elegant Mathematics Ltd. Hanauer Muehle 266564 OttweilerGermany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of SaarlandSaarbrückenCermany

The initial value problem for the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation is considered. A deterministic numerical scheme for this problem is developed by the use of the three way decomposition of the unknown function as well as of the collision integral. On this way, almost linear complexity of the algorithm is achieved. Some numerical examples are presented.

关键词： Boltzmann equation Deterministic scheme Three way decomposition

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Software for Small-scale Robotics: A Review

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2018年第5期15卷 515-524页

作者： Tobias Tiemerding sergej Fatikow Department of Computing Science Division Microrobotics and Control Engineering (AMiR) University of Oldenburg OFFIS–Institute for Information Technology R&D Division Automation and Integration Technology (AIT)

In recent years, a large number of relatively advanced and often ready-to-use robotic hardware components and systems have been developed for small-scale use. As these tools are mature, there is now a shift towards advanced applications. These often require automation and demand reliability, efficiency and decisional autonomy. New software tools and algorithms for artificial intelligence（AI） and machine learning（ML） can help here. However, since there are many software-based control approaches for small-scale robotics, it is rather unclear how these can be integrated and which approach may be used as a starting point. Therefore, this paper attempts to shed light on existing approaches with their advantages and disadvantages compared to established requirements. For this purpose, a survey was conducted in the target group. The software categories presented include vendor-provided software, robotic software frameworks（RSF）, scientific software and in-house developed software（IHDS）. Typical representatives for each category are described in detail, including Smar Act precision tool commander, Math Works Matlab and national instruments Lab VIEW, as well as the robot operating system（ROS）. The identified software categories and their representatives are rated for end user satisfaction based on functional and non-functional requirements, recommendations and learning curves. The paper concludes with a recommendation of ROS as a basis for future work.

关键词： Robotic control software engineering micro/nano robotics artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) open

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Fast Modification of Microdischarge Emission Bands by Fracture of Sugar

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 304-306页

作者： sergej Aman Juergen Tomas AStreletskii Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgP.O.Box 412039106 MagdeburgGermany Institute of Chemical Physics RASKosygina 4Moscow 119991Russia

Intensive light pulses with widths of about 10 ns were observed during the crack propagation by cleavage of crystalline sugar at atmospheric *** observed light pulses were caused by a sequence of gas microdischarges(MDs).The pulses were detected in the UV/VIS and NIR wavelength *** the light pulses appear in the UV/VIS wavelength range,and then after a delay of about 0.4–1.2 ns in the NIR wavelength *** characteristic feature of MDs can be used for the characterization of crack propagation.

关键词： delay sugar Fast

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Design of single-axis flexure hinges using continuum topology optimization method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2014年第3期57卷 560-567页

作者： ZHU BenLiang ZHANG XianMin FATIKOW sergej Key laboratory of Precision Equipment and Manufacturing Technology of Guangdong Province South China University of Technology Division Microrobotics Department of Computing Science Uhlhornsweg 84A1 26111 Oldenburg Germany

The design of compliant hinges has been extensively studied in the size and shape level in the *** paper presents a method for designing the single-axis flexure hinges in the topology *** kinds of hinges,that is,the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,are *** basic optimization models are developed for topology optimization of the translational hinge and the revolute hinge,*** objective for topology optimization of flexure hinges is to maximize the compliance in the desired direction meanwhile minimizing the compliances in the other *** constraints for accomplishing the translational and revolute requirements are *** popular Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization method is used to find the optimal flexure hinge topology within a given design *** results are performed to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.

关键词： topology optimization translational hinge SIMP compliant mechanisms revolute hinge

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A laterally sensitive colloidal probe for accurately measuring nanoscale adhesion of textured surfaces

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Nano Research 2019年第2期12卷 389-396页

作者： Soren Zimmermann Waldemar Klauser James Mead Shiliang Wang Han Huang sergej Fatikow Department of Computing Science University of Oldenburg Oldenburg D-26129 Germany School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia School of Physics and Electronics Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Adhesiion assessment of nanoscale contacts is a critical capability for the development of future nanoelectromechanical systems and nanobiotechnology devices. However, experimental approaches to investigate interactions on micro- and nanostructured surfaces have predominantly been restricted to capturing adhesion force in the normal direction. This provides limited information about the multidimensional nature of surface texture and related interaction mechanisms. Here the design, fabrication, and application of a unique atomic force microscope probe is presented that consists of a focused ion beam-milled cantilever decorated with a colloidal particle. The probe is specifically developed for characterizing textured surfaces with lateral force feedback. Pull-off tests that map the adhesive interaction in microscale cavities are performed to exami ne the capability of the probe. Normal and lateral adhesive forces duri ng nano scale contact are accurately obtai ned and the adhesi on en ergy of the con tact interface is thus determi ned. An in-depth un dersta nding of the effects of surface texture and the correlati on of adhesi on and fricti on is dem on strated. The proposed methodology en ables dedicated in vestigatio ns of in terfacial in teracti on on various norvplanar surfaces. It can be used for un dersta nding the complex in terplay of adhesi on, con tact, and fricti on forces at nano scale, which may facilitate significant advances in challenging research areas such as fibrillar adhesion.

关键词： nanoscale adhesion friction atomic force microscope colloidal probe lateral sensitivity

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Frictional shear stress of ZnO nanowires on natural and pyrolytic graphite substrates

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Friction 2022年第12期10卷 2059-2068页

作者： Lizhen HOU Maofen HOU Tursunay YIBIBULLA James Lee MEAD sergej FATIKOW Shiliang WANG Han HUANG Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education School of Physics and Electronic ScienceHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China School of Physics and Electronics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Division Microrobotics and Control Engineering Department of Computing ScienceUniversity of OldenburgOldenburg D-26129Germany School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

The friction behaviour of ZnO nanowires on natural graphite(NG)and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)substrates was tested in ambient conditions by use of optical microscopy based *** on the step-free and waviness-free NG substrate exhibit a diameter-independent nominal frictional shear stress of 0.48 MPa,and this provides a benchmark for studying how the surface topography of graphite influences nanowire *** on the HOPG substrate present a significant diameter-dependent frictional shear stress,increasing from 0.25 to 2.78 MPa with the decrease of nanowire diameter from 485 to 142 *** waviness of HOPG has a limited effect on the nanowire friction,as a nanowire can fully conform to the *** surface steps on the HOPG can significantly enhance the nanowire friction and lead to a much higher frictional shear stress than that on NG due to mechanical blocking and the presence of a Schwoebel barrier at step *** surface steps,however,can also generate small wedge-shaped gaps between a nanowire and substrate,and thus reduce the nanowire *** the decrease in nanowire diameter,the capacity for the nanowire to better conform to the substrate reduces the length of the wedge-shaped gaps,leading to the observed increase in nanowire *** results have improved our understanding of the unique friction behaviour of *** an improved understanding is expected to benefit the design and operation of nanowire-friction-based devices,including bio-inspired fibrillar adhesives,soft grippers,rotary nanomotors,and triboelectric nanogenerators.

关键词： frictional shear stress nanowires graphite surface step waviness

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