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Numerical study of novel OME_(1-6) combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESMANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN lukas STRAUβ sebastian RIEβ Michael WENSING Thomas LAUER Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems Technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OMEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).These properties make OMEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OME1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH^(*) radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OME) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

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Nanoelectromechanical Sensors Based on Suspended 2D Materials

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1612-1636页

作者： Max C.Lemme Stefan Wagner Kangho Lee Xuge Fan Gerard J.Verbiest sebastian Wittmann sebastian lukas Robin J.Dolleman Frank Niklaus Herre S.Jvan der Zant Georg S.Duesberg Peter G.Steeneken Chair of Electronic Devices RWTH Aachen UniversityOtto-Blumenthal-Str.252074 AachenGermany AMO GmbH Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen(AMICA)Otto-Blumenthal-Str.2552074 AachenGermany Institute of Physics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversität der Bundeswehr MünchenWerner-Heisenberg-Weg 3985577 NeubibergGermany Division of Micro and Nanosystems KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyMalvinas Vag 1010044 StockholmSweden Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 22628 CD DelftNetherlands Infineon Technologies AG Wernerwerkstraße 293049 RegensburgGermany nd Institute of Physics RWTH Aachen UniversityOtto-Blumenthal-Str.52074 AachenGermany Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of TechnologyLorentzweg 12628 CJ DelftNetherlands

The unique properties and atomic thickness of two-dimensional(2D)materials enable smaller and better nanoelectromechanical sensors with novel *** the last decade,many studies have successfully shown the feasibility of using suspended membranes of 2D materials in pressure sensors,microphones,accelerometers,and mass and gas *** this review,we explain the different sensing concepts and give an overview of the relevant material properties,fabrication routes,and device operation ***,we discuss sensor readout and integration methods and provide comparisons against the state of the art to show both the challenges and promises of 2D material-based nanoelectromechanical sensing.

关键词： Sensors enable accelerometer

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Suspension- and powder-based derivation of Hansen dispersibility parameters for zinc oxide quantum dots

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Particuology 2019年第3期17卷 71-79页

作者： sebastian Siüβ Wei Lin Olga Getmanenko lukas Pflug Titus Sobisch Wolfgang Peukert Dietmar Lerche Doris Segets Institute of Particle Technology (LFG) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niimberg (FAU) Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Niimberg (FAU) HaberstraJSe 9a 91058 Erlangen Germany Institute of Applied Mathematics 2 Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nümberg (FAU) Cauerstrajβe 11 91058 Erlangen Germany LUM GmbH Justus-von-Liebig StraJSe 3 12489 Berlin Germany Process Technology for Electrochemical Functional Materials Institute for Combustion and Gas Dynamics - Reactive Fluids (1VG) University Duisburg-Essen (UDE) Carl-Benz-StraJSe 199 47057 Duisburg Germany

For most particle-based applications, formulation in the liquid phase is a decisive step, and thus, particle interactions and stability in liquid media are of major importance. The concept of Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) was initially invented to describe the interactions of (polymer) molecules and their solubility in different liquids and is increasingly being used in particle technology to describe dispersibility. Because dispersions are not thermodynamically stable, the term Hansen dispersibility parameters (HDP) is used instead of HSP (SiiE, Sobisch, Peukert, Lerche,& Segets, 2018). Herein, we extend a previously developed standardized and non-subjective method for determination of Hansen parameters based on analytical centrifugation to the important class of quantum materials. As a technically relevant model system, zinc oxide quantum dots (QDs) were used to transfer our methodology to nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes below lOnm. The results obtained using the standard procedure starting from a dried powder were compared with those obtained through redispersion from the wet sediment produced during the typical washing procedure of QDs, and drying was observed to play an important role. In conclusion, our study reveals the high potential of HDP for quantifying the interfacial properties of NPs as well as their link to dispersibility.

关键词： Hansen solubility parameter Functionalization Semiconductor nanoparticles Colloidal stability Quantum material

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Influence of structural depth of laser-patterned steel surfaces on the solid lubricity of carbon nanoparticle coatings

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1276-1291页

作者： Timothy MACLUCAS lukas DAUT Philipp GRÜTZMACHER Maria Agustina GUITAR Volker PRESSER Carsten GACHOT sebastian SUAREZ Frank MÜCKLICH Chair of Functional Materials Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development TU WienWien 1060Austria INM–Leibniz Institute for New Materials Saarbrücken 66123Germany Department of Materials Science&Engineering Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Saarene-Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Saarbrücken 66123Germany

Carbon nanoparticle coatings on laser-patterned stainless-steel surfaces present a solid lubrication system where the pattern's recessions act as lubricant-retaining *** study investigates the influence of the structural depth of line patterns coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and carbon onions(COs)on their respective potential to reduce friction and *** laser interference patterning(DLIP)with a pulse duration of 12 ps is used to create line patterns with three different structural depths at a periodicity of 3.5μm on AISI 304 steel ***,electrophoretic deposition(EPD)is applied to form homogeneous carbon nanoparticle coatings on the patterned *** ball-on-disc experiments are conducted on the as-described surfaces with an alumina counter body at a load of 100 *** results show that the shallower the coated structure,the lower its coefficient of friction(COF),regardless of the particle ***,with a minimum of just below 0.20,CNTs reach lower COF values than COs over most of the testing *** resulting wear tracks are characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and energy-dispersive X-ray *** friction testing,the CNTs remain in contact,and the immediate proximity,whereas the CO coating is largely *** of structural depth,no oxidation occurs on CNT-coated surfaces,whereas minor oxidation is detected on CO-coated wear tracks.

关键词： solid lubricant coatings carbon nanotubes carbon onions direct laser interference patterning(DLIP)surface structuring electrophoretic deposition(EPD)

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Resilience in supply systems -What the food industry can learn from energy sector

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 39-47页

作者： Fabian Ossevorth Paul Seidel sebastian Krahmer Joachim Seifert Peter Schegner Peter Lochmann lukas Oehm Marc Mauermann Technische Universität Dresden Professur für ElektroenergieversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Gebäudeenergietechnik und WärmeversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Verarbeitungsmaschinen/VerarbeitungstechnikDresden 01069Germany Fraunhofer-Institut for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV Division Processing Technology Dresden01069Germany

Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on this critical *** this context resilience,which is defined as the resistance of a system to external effects,is required.A field that is indeed part of the critical infrastructure,but which has not been considered as intensively as the energy sector,is food *** investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food *** variables serve as an evaluation standard for a quality measure𝑄.In addi-tion to system-theoretical considerations,it is investigated how existing evaluation criteria of power engineering,such as System Average Interruption Duration Index(SAIDI)and Customer Average Interruption Duration Index(CAIDI),can be transferred to food ***:The investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food ***:Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on t

关键词： Resilience Food industry Energy Sector System Theory

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Intraprocedural gastric juice analysis as compared to rapid urease test for real-time detection of Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第10期29卷 1638-1647页

作者： Riccardo Vasapolli Florent Ailloud sebastian Suerbaum Jens Neumann Nadine Koch lukas Macke Jörg Schirra Julia Mayerle Peter Malfertheiner Christian Schulz Medical DepartmentⅡ University Hospital LMU MunichMunich 81377Germany Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung Partner Site MunichMunich 81377Germany Max von Pettenkofer Institute Faculty of MedicineLudwig-Maximilians University of MunichMunich 80336Germany National Reference Center for Helicobacter pylori Munich 81377Germany Institute of Pathology Faculty of MedicineLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichMunich 81377Germany

BACKGROUND Endofaster is an innovative technology that can be combined with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy(UGE)to perform gastric juice analysis and real-time detection of Helicobacter pylori(***).AIM To assess the diagnostic performance of this technology and its impact on the management of *** in the real-life clinical *** Patients undergoing routine UGE were prospectively *** were taken to assess gastric histology according to the updated Sydney system and for rapid urease test(RUT).Gastric juice sampling and analysis was performed using the Endofaster,and the diagnosis of *** was based on real-time ammonium *** detection of *** served as the diagnostic gold standard for comparing Endofaster-based *** diagnosis with RUT-based *** *** A total of 198 patients were prospectively enrolled in an *** diagnostic study by Endofasterbased gastric juice analysis(EGJA)during the *** for RUT and histological assessment were performed on 161 patients(82 men and 79 women,mean age 54.8±19.2 years).*** infection was detected by histology in 47(29.2%)***,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value(NPV)for *** diagnosis by EGJA were 91.5%,93.0%,92.6%,84.3%,and 96.4%,*** patients on treatment with proton pump inhibitors,diagnostic sensitivity was reduced by 27.3%,while specificity and NPV were *** and RUT were comparable in diagnostic performance and highly concordant in *** detection(κ-value=0.85).CONCLUSION Endofaster allows for rapid and highly accurate detection of *** during *** may guide taking additional biopsies for antibiotic susceptibility testing during the same procedure and then selecting an individually tailored eradication regimen.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori diagnostic Chronic gastritis Gastric juice Endofaster Rapid urease test Antimicrobial susceptibility testing

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Test series for challenging paste printing of ultra-fine structures in the processing of miniLEDs used as back-lighting for LCD panels

Test series for challenging paste printing of ultra-fine str...

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第十五届中国高端SMT学术会议

作者： Stefan Mausner sebastian Fritzsche lukas S?nger Axel Lindloff sebastian Bechmann

＜正＞Since LEDs replaced CFL tubes as the back-light for LCD screens, there has been little fresh innovation in the display industry. This is now changing with the application of miniLEDs in backlight modules, which render LCD panels superior to OLED screens in both longer life and image contrast. Besides, miniLEDs will also be used in so-called LED-based video walls. The use of miniLEDs makes it possible to realize large-area displays whose performance far exceeds that of previous technologies.

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Common microscopic origin of the phase transitions in Ta_(2)NiS_(5) and the excitonic insulator candidate Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1919-1932页

作者： lukas Windgätter Malte Rösner Giacomo Mazza Hannes Hübener Antoine Georges Andrew J.Millis Simone Latini Angel Rubio Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGemany Radboud University Institute for Molecules and MaterialsHeijendaalseweg 1356525 AJ NijmegenNetherlands Department of Quantum Matter Physics University of GenevaQuai Ernest-Ansermet 241211 GenevaSwitzerland College de France 11 place Marcelin Berthelot75005 ParisFrance Center for Computational Quantum Physics Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNY 10010USA.CPHTCNRSEcole PolytechniqueIP Paris91128 PalaiseauFrance Department of Physics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA.Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group Departamento de Fisica de Materiales Universidad del Pais Vasco20018 San SebastianSpain

The structural phase transition in Ta-NiSes has been envisioned as driven by the formation of an excitonic insulating ***,the role of structural and electronic instabilities on crystal symmetry breaking has yet to be ***,the phase transition in its complementary material Ta_(2)NiS_(5)does not show any experimental hints of an excitonic insulating *** present a microscopic investigation of the electronic and phononic effects involved in the structural phase transition in Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)and Ta-Niss using extensive first-principles *** both materials the crystal symmetries are broken by phonon instabilities,which in tum lead to changes in the electronic bandstructure also observed in the experiment.A total energy landscape analysis shows no tendency towards a purely electronic instability and we find that a sizeable lattice distortion is needed to open a *** conclude that an excitonic instability is not needed to explain the phase transition in both Ta_(2)NiSe_(5)and Ta_(2)NiS_(5).

关键词： phase structural transitions

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Association of mineral and bone biomarkers with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the German Chronic Kidney Disease(GCKD)cohort

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 764-771页

作者： Katharina Charlotte Reimer Jennifer Nadal Heike Meiselbach Matthias Schmid Ulla T.Schultheiss Fruzsina Kotsis Helena Stockmann Nele Friedrich Matthias Nauck Vera Krane Kai-Uwe Eckardt Markus P.Schneider Rafael Kramann Jürgen Floege Turgay Saritas Department of Nephrology Rheumatologyand Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachenGermany Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute for Cell and Tumor Biology RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Institute of Medical Biometry Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity Hospital of BonnBonnGermany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension University of Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Institute of Genetic Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Medicine IV-Nephrology and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center-University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Department of Nephrology University Medical Center RegensburgRegensburgGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Medicine GreifswaldGreifswaldGermany DZHK(German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site GreifswaldUniversity MedicineGreifswaldGermany Department of Medicine I Division of NephrologyUniversity Hospital WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Mineral and bone disorder(MBD)in chronic kidney disease(CKD)is tightly linked to cardiovascular disease(CVD).In this study,we aimed to compare the prognostic value of nine MBD biomarkers to determine those associated best with adverse cardiovascular(CV)outcomes and *** 5217 participants of the German CKD(GCKD)study enrolled with an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eG FR)between 30–60 mL·min-1 per 1.73 m2 or overt proteinuria,serum osteoprotegerin(OPG),C-terminal fibroblast growth factor-23(FGF23),intact parathyroid hormone(iP TH),bone alkaline phosphatase(BAP),cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen(CTX1),procollagen 1intact N-terminal propeptide(P1NP),phosphate,calcium,and 25-OH vitamin D were measured at *** with missing values among these parameters(n=971)were excluded,leaving a total of 4246 participants for *** a median follow-up of6.5 years,387 non-CV deaths,173 CV deaths,645 nonfatal major adverse CV events(MACEs)and 368 hospitalizations for congestive heart failure(CHF)were *** and FGF23 were associated with all outcomes,with the highest hazard ratios(HRs)for *** the final Cox regression model,adjusted for CV risk factors,including kidney function and all other investigated biomarkers,each standard deviation increase in OPG was associated with non-CV death(HR 1.76,95%CI:1.35–2.30),CV death(HR 2.18,95%CI:1.50–3.16),MACE(HR 1.38,95%CI:1.12–1.71)and hospitalization for CHF(HR 2.05,95%CI:1.56–2.69).Out of the nine biomarkers examined,stratification based on serum OPG best identified the CKD patients who were at the highest risk for any adverse CV outcome and mortality.

关键词： Kidney cardiovascular vitamin

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奥米纽姆摩天大楼

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城市环境设计 2019年第2期118卷 220-227页

作者： Dominic James Black David Verbeek Gunther Weber Helen Chen Joanna Gajda Joseph James Haberl lukas Kerner Maria Teresa Fernandez Rojo Natalie Isabel Stachnik Nicolas Millot Sabine Kokina Thomas sebastian Krall Viktoria Millentrup Yan Ma Emily King Enea Michelesio Gabriel? Ubarevi?iūt? Giedrius Mamavicius Jesper Boye Andersen Jakob Lange Joanna Jakubowska Katarzyna Joanna Piekarczyk Julieta Muzillo Lorenzo Boddi Lucas Carriere Lucian Tofan Max Aldunate Reitour Raphael Cirani Sabine Kokina Tore Banke Frank Dinger Nils Koenning 陈思瑾

法兰克福是一座集欧洲古典街区与当代大都市高楼于一体的城市,在城市中心形成了一个充满生机的建筑群落。这种建筑上的结合提供了紧密与动态变化的天际线,与连接法兰克福北部的陶纳斯山脉遥相呼应。奥米纽姆大厦位于城市中建筑高低混合... 详细信息

法兰克福是一座集欧洲古典街区与当代大都市高楼于一体的城市,在城市中心形成了一个充满生机的建筑群落。这种建筑上的结合提供了紧密与动态变化的天际线,与连接法兰克福北部的陶纳斯山脉遥相呼应。奥米纽姆大厦位于城市中建筑高低混合区域的中心,通过周围的环境和建筑来提供一个合理的、具有雕塑感的剪影。BIG建议设计一座塔楼,扩张其中心以捕捉和容

关键词：法兰克福天际线平面图建筑群落

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