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Use of sodium bicarbonate and blood gas monitoring in diabetic ketoacidosis: A review

World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第11期9卷 199-205页

作者： Mit P Patel Ali Ahmed Tharini Gunapalan sean E Hesselbacher Department of Internal Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical School Medicine Service Hampton Veterans Affairs Medical Center

Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is a severe and toocommon complication of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Acidosis is one of the fundamental disruptions stemming from the disease process, the complications of which are potentially lethal. Hydration and insulin administration have been the cornerstones of DKA therapy; however, adjunctive treatments such as the use of sodium bicarbonate and protocols that include serial monitoring with blood gas analysis have been much more controversial. There is substantial literature available regarding the use of exogenous sodium bicarbonate in mild to moderately severe acidosis; the bulk of the data argue against significant benefit in important clinical outcomes and suggest possible adverse effects with the use of bicarbonate. However, there is scant data to support or refute the role of bicarbonate therapy in very severe acidosis. Arterial blood gas(ABG) assessment is an element of some treatment protocols, including society guidelines, for DKA. We review the evidence supporting these recommendations. In addition, we review the data supporting some less cumbersome tests, including venous blood gas assessment and routine chemistries. It remains unclear that measurement of blood gas pH, via arterial or venous sampling, impacts management of the patient substantially enough to warrant the testing, especially if sodium bicarbonate administration is not being considered. There are special circumstances when serial ABG monitoring and/or sodium bicarbonate infusion are necessary, which we also review. Additional studies are needed to determine the utility of these interventions in patients with severe DKA and pH less than 7.0.

关键词： Diabetic ketoacidosis Sodium bicarbonate Blood gas analysis Acidosis Ketosis Ketone bodies Hyperglycemia

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Geographic and health system correlates of interprofessional oral health practice

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2018年第2期6卷 77-84页

作者： sean G.Boynes Abigail Lauer Amy Martin Office of Interprofessional Practice The DentaQuest InstituteWestboroughMAUSA Department of Public Health Services Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Division of Population Oral Health Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Objective:This study explores geographic,system,and organizational constructs that predict medical care teams’willingness to administer fluoride varnish and conduct oral health risk ***:A cross-sectional survey of voluntary health professionals attending trainings on interprofessional oral health practice was completed at ten meetings across the United States from April through September,*** and multivariate analyses were used to examine un-known correlates of oral health prevention and intervention at geographic,organizational,and sys-tem levels relating to the impact of referral mechanisms and systems as well as health information technology on fluoride varnish administration and risk-based oral ***:A convenience cohort(n=560)from 44 states was ***(68.7%,n=385)agreed with the dependent variable“medical providers at our site,or part of our network,are admin-istering fluoride varnish and identifying oral health risk factors in the majority of patients seen.”In bivariate analysis,organization type(P=0.0067),having successful referral systems(P<0.0001),and electronic health record(EHR)utility(P<0.0001)were associated with the dependent *** geographic indicators were *** referral system indicators were significant in multivariate *** referrals(P<0.0001),EHR utility(P=0.0054),and type of re-ferral(P=0.0009)were predictors of the dependent *** odds of those reporting a depend-able referral system and dependent variable agreement were 4.5 times greater than for those who lacked dependable referral systems(odds ratio 4.54,confidence interval 2.79-7.39).The odds of those who had dependable EHRs and dependent variable agreement were 2.4 times greater than for those who lacked useful EHRs(odds ratio 2.4,confidence interval 1.29-4.37).Conclusion:The dependability of medical-to-dental referral systems and processes impacts the administration of fluoride varnish and identification

关键词： Oral health referral management risk-based care population health coordinated care

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Management of post-operative complications in open ventral hernia repair

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第11期6卷 32-40页

作者： sean C.O'Connor Alfredo M.Carbonell Department of Surgery Prisma Health-UpstateUniversity of South Carolina School of Medicine-GreenvilleGreenvilleSC 29605USA

Hernia repair is the most common general surgical procedure performed in the United States;however,historically,there has been a surprising lack of consensus regarding hernia complications and their *** development of international,prospectively-collected databases such as the Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative has introduced a new era of evidence-based practice around the prevention and management of these *** review seeks to equip surgeons with evidence-based techniques for prevention and management of the most common complications of open ventral hernia repair.

关键词： Hernia repair complications surgical site infection seroma flap necrosis mesh exposure interparietal hernia recurrent hernia enterocutaneous fistula

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Review of Mg alloy corrosion rates

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第4期8卷 989-998页

作者： Andrej Atrens Zhiming Shi Syeda UMehreen sean Johnston Guang-Ling Song Xianhua Chen Fusheng Pan The University of Queensland School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringCentre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)St LuciaQld 4072Australia Xiamen University College of MaterialsCenter for Marine Materials Corrosion&ProtectionState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces422 Siming Rd.Xiamen 361005China Chongqing University College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing400045China Chongqing University National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium AlloysChongqing 400045China

A review of the literature confirmed that the intrinsic corrosion rate of high-purity Mg as measured by weight-loss is 0.3mm/y in a concentrated chloride *** corrosion of Mg alloys has produced corrosion rates of Mg-Al alloys an order of magnitude lower than the intrinsic corrosion rate of Mg in a concentrated chloride solution of 0.3 mm/*** only successful strategy to produce a Mg alloy with a corrosion rate in a concentrated chloride solution substantially less than the intrinsic corrosion rate as measured by weight loss of Mg of 0.3 mm/y has been to improve the protectiveness of the corrosion product film.

关键词： A,magnesium B,weight loss Polarization EIS

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Adenosine-treated bioprinted muscle constructs prolong cell survival and improve tissue formation

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第3期4卷 441-451页

作者： Dongxu Ke Adam M.Jorgensen Sang J.Lee James J.Yoo sean V.Murphy Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNCUSA Novaprint Therapeutics Suzhou Co. LtdSuzhouJiangsuChina

It is crucial to maintaining the viability of biofabricated human-sized tissues to ensure their successful survival and function after *** is a purine nucleoside that has the function to suppress cellular metabolism and has been previously proposed as a method to prolong cell viability under *** this study,we optimized the dose concentration of adenosine for incorporation into bioprinted constructs to preserve long-term cell viability in *** results showed that muscle cells(C2C12)containing 6,7,or 8 mM adenosine maintained high cell viability for 20 days under hypoxic conditions(0.1%O2),whereas cells without adenosine treatment showed 100%cell death after 11 *** 20 days under hypoxic conditions,muscle cells treated with adenosine proliferated and differentiated when transferred to normoxic *** these adenosine concentrations,6 mM was picked as the optimized adenosine concentration for further investigations due to its most effective results on improving cell *** bioprinted muscle constructs containing adenosine(6 mM)maintained high cell viability for 11 days under hypoxic conditions,while the control constructs without adenosine had no live *** in vivo validation,the bioprinted constructs with adenosine implanted under the dorsal subcutaneous space in mice,showed the enhanced formation of muscle tissue with minimal central necrosis and apoptosis,when compared to the constructs without *** positive in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the use of adenosine is an effective approach to preventing the challenge of hypoxia-induced necrosis in bioprinted tissues for clinical translation.

关键词： Bioprinting Hypoxia Adenosine Cell viability In vivo

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Carbon-based bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions:Optimization strategies and mechanistic analysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 234-265,I0008页

作者： Huidong Xu Jack Yang Riyue Ge Jiujun Zhang Ying Li Mingyuan Zhu Liming Dai sean Li Wenxian Li Institute of Materials Shanghai University School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Materials and Manufacturing Futures InstituteUniversity of New South Wales Institute for Sustainable Energy Shanghai University School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors

Electrocatalysts are one of the essential components for the devices of high-efficiency green energy storage and conversion,such as metal-air cells,fuel cells,and water electrolysis *** catalysts made from noble metals possess high catalytic performance in both oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER),their scarcity and expensiveness significantly limit large-scale *** this regard,metal-free/non-noble metal carbon-based catalysts have become competitive alternatives to replace catalysts made of noble ***,low catalytic ORR/OER performance is the challenge of carbon-based catalysts for the commercial applications of metal-air *** solve the problem of poor catalytic performance,two strategies have been proposed:(1)controlling the microstructure of the catalysts to expose more active sites as the channels of rapid mass and electron transfer;and(2)reducing the reaction energy barrier by optimizing the electronic structures of the catalysts via surface ***,we review different types of bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts with the activated surface *** focus on how the challenge can be overcome with different methods of material synthesis,structural and surface characterization,performance validation/optimization,to outline the principles of surface modifications behind catalyst *** particular,we provide critical analysis in the challenges that we are facing in structural design and surface engineering of bifunctional ORR/OER catalysts and indicate the possible solution for these problems,providing the society with clearer ideas on the practical prospects of noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for their future applications.

关键词： Electrocatalyst Bifunctionality Oxygen reduction Oxygen evolution Carbons transition metals Surface engineering Microstructure

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Feasibility of telemedicine program using a hand-held nonmydriatic retinal camera in Panama

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第6期15卷 962-966页

作者： Alexander SHimstead Janani Prasad sean Melucci Kevin MGustafson Paul EIsraelsen Andrew Browne School of Medicine University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA Gavin Herbert Eye Institute Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697USA

AIM: To evaluate the image quality of a telemedicine screening program for retinal disease using a nonmydriatic camera among rural island communities in Bocas del Toro, ***: In June 2018, a group of three medical students volunteered at clinics operated by the Floating Doctors in the province of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Nonmydriatic images of the retina were obtained using the Pictor Plus(Volk Optical, Mentor OH), randomized, and sent to two board-certified ophthalmologists at the University of California, Irvine for analysis using a modified version of the FOTO-ED scale. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using the kappa ***: Seventy patients provided a total of 127 images. Average image quality was 3.31, and most frequent image quality was 4/5 on the FOTO-ED scale. Thirty patients had at least one eye image with ideal quality(42.86%), while only one patient had no adequate photos taken(1.43%). However, high quality images were obtained in both eyes in only 12 patients(17.14%). The inter-rater reliability between the two ophthalmologists was ***: Further improvements are necessary to acquire higher quality images more reliably. This may include further training and experience or mydriasis.

关键词： telemedicine retina nonmydriatic camera fundus screening feasibility low-resource setting

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Growing Operational Use of FY-3 Data in the ECMWF System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第8期38卷 1285-1298页

作者： Niels BORMANN David DUNCAN Stephen ENGLISH sean HEALY Katrin LONITZ Keyi CHEN Heather LAWRENCE Qifeng LU European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts Reading RG29AXUnited Kingdom International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China National Satellite Meteorological Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 10081China

This paper reviews the data quality and impact of observations from the FY-3 satellite series used operationally in the ECMWF system. This includes data from the passive microwave radiometers MWHS-1, MWHS-2 and MWRI, as well as observations from the radio occultation receiver GNOS. Evaluations against background equivalents show that the quality of the observations is broadly comparable to that of similar instruments on other polar-orbiting satellites, even though biases for the passive microwave observations can be somewhat larger and more complex for some channels. An observing system experiment shows that the FY-3 instruments jointly contribute significantly to the forecast skill in the ECMWF system. Positive impact of up to 2% is seen for most variables out to the day-2 forecasts over hemispheric scales, with significant benefits for total column water vapor or for temperature and wind in the stratosphere out to day 4.

关键词： FY-3 satellite series assimilation forecast impact calibration/validation

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The role of latitudinal, genetic and temperature variation in the induction of diapause of Papilio glaucus （Lepidoptera： Papilionidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 328-336页

作者： sean F. Ryan Patti Valella Gabrielle Thivierge Matthew L. Aardema J. Mark Scriber Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology 1600/1700 Southwest 23rd Drive Gainesville Florida USA Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA Life Science Department Long Beach City College Long Beach California USA Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA McGuire Centerfor Lepidoptera and Diversity University of Florida Gainesville Florida US

A key adaptation in insects for dealing with variable environmental conditions is the ability to diapause. The tiger swallowtail butterflies, Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis are ideal species to explore the genetic causes and population genetic consequences of diapause because divergence in this trait is believed to be a salient factor in maintaining a hybrid zone between these species. Yet little is known about the factors that influence diapause induction in this system. Here we explored how spatial （latitudinal）, environmental （temperature） and genetic （hybridization） factors affect diapause induction in this system. Specifically, a series of growth chamber experiments using wild caught individuals from across the eastern United States were performed to：（1） evaluate how critical photoperiod varies with latitude, （2） isolate the stage in which induction occurs, （3） test whether changes in temperature affected rates of diapause induction, and （4） explore how the incidence of diapause is affected in hybrid offspring. We find that induction occurs in the larval stage, is not sensitive to a relatively broad range of temperatures, appears to have a complex genetic basis （i.e., is not simply a dominant trait following a Mendelian inheritance pattern） and that the critical photoperiod increases by 0.4 h with each increasing degree in latitude. This work deepens our understanding of how spatial, environmental and genetic variation influences a key seasonal adaptation （diapause induction） in a well-developed ecological model system and will make possible future studies that explore how climatic variation affects the population dynamics and genetics of this system.

关键词： adaptation critical photoperiod development diapauses facultative hybridization

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Opportunities for tidal range projects beyond energy generation:Using Mersey barrage as a case study

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2019年第4期8卷 620-633页

作者： sean Petley Daneel Starr Linda Parish Zak Underwood George A.Aggidis Department of Engineering Lancaster UniversityGillow AvenueLancasterLA174YWUK School of Architecture Liverpool UniversityLeverhulme BuildingLiverpoolL697ZNUK

Currently there is renewed interest in harnessing the vast tidal resource to combat the twin challenges of climate change and energy ***,within the UK no tidal barrage proposals have passed the development stage,this is due to a combination of high cost and environmental *** paper demonstrates how a framework,such as the North West Hydro Resource Model can be applied to tidal barrages,with the Mersey barrage as a case *** model materialised in order to provide developers with a toot to successfully identify the capacity of hydropower schemes in a specific location.A key feature of the resource model is the understanding that there is no single barrier to the utilisation of small hydropower but several obstacles,which together impede ***,this paper contributes in part to a fully holistic treatment of tidal barrages,recognising that apart from energy generation,other environmental,societal and economic opportunities arise and must be fully investigated for robust *** study demonstrates how considering the societal needs of the people and the necessity for compensatory habitats,for example,an organic architectural design has developed,which aims to enhance rather than detract from the Mersey.

关键词： Renewable energy Tidal power Tidal barrage Mersey estuary Architectural concepts Environmental concepts

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