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Real-time Volume Preserving Constraints for Volumetric Model on GPU

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 831-848页

作者： Hongly Va Min-Hyung choi Min Hong Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Colorado DenverDenver80217COUSA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

This paper presents a parallel method for simulating real-time 3D deformable objects using the volume preservation mass-spring system method on tetrahedron *** general,the conventional mass-spring system is manipulated as a force-driven method because it is fast,simple to implement,and the parameters can be ***,the springs in traditional mass-spring system can be excessively elongated which cause severe stability and robustness issues that lead to shape restoring,simulation blow-up,and huge volume loss of the deformable *** addition,traditional method that uses a serial process of the central processing unit(CPU)to solve the system in every frame cannot handle the complex structure of deformable object in ***,the first order implicit constraint enforcement for a mass-spring model is utilized to achieve accurate visual realism of deformable objects with tough constraint *** this paper,we applied the distance constraint and volume conservation constraints for each tetrahedron element to improve the stability of deformable object simulation using the mass-spring system and behave the same as its real-world *** reduce the computational complexity while ensuring stable simulation,we applied a method that utilizes OpenGL compute shader,a part of OpenGL Shading Language(GLSL)that executes on the graphic processing unit(GPU)to solve the numerical problems *** applied the proposed methods to experimental volumetric models,and volume percentages of all objects are *** average volume percentages of all models during the simulation using the mass-spring system,distance constraint,and the volume constraint method were 68.21%,89.64%,and 98.70%,*** proposed approaches are successfully applied to improve the stability of mass-spring system and the performance comparison from our experimental tests also shows that the GPU-based method is faster than CPU-based implementation for all cases.

关键词： Deformable object simulation mass-spring system implicit constraint enforcement volume conservation constraint GPU parallel computing

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Boosted Stacking Ensemble Machine Learning Method for Wafer Map Pattern Classification

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2945-2966页

作者： Jeonghoon choi Dongjun Suh Marc-Oliver Otto Department of Convergence and Fusion System Engineering Kyungpook National UniversitySangju37224Korea Department of Mathematics Natural and Economic SciencesUlm University of Applied SciencesUlm89075Germany

Recently,machine learning-based technologies have been developed to automate the classification of wafer map defect patterns during *** existing approaches used in the wafer map pattern classification include directly learning the image through a convolution neural network and applying the ensemble method after extracting image *** study aims to classify wafer map defects more effectively and derive robust algorithms even for datasets with insufficient defect ***,the number of defects during the actual process may be ***,insufficient data are generated using convolutional auto-encoder(CAE),and the expanded data are verified using the evaluation technique of structural similarity index measure(SSIM).After extracting handcrafted features,a boosted stacking ensemble model that integrates the four base-level classifiers with the extreme gradient boosting classifier as a meta-level classifier is designed and built for training the model based on the expanded data for final *** the proposed algorithm shows better performance than those of existing ensemble classifiers even for insufficient defect patterns,the results of this study will contribute to improving the product quality and yield of the actual semiconductor manufacturing process.

关键词： Wafer map pattern classification machine learning boosted stacking ensemble semiconductor manufacturing processing

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Parallel Cloth Simulation Using OpenGL Shading Language

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 427-443页

作者： Hongly Va Min-Hyung choi Min Hong Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Colorado DenverDenverCO 80217USA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

The primary goal of cloth simulation is to express object behavior in a realistic manner and achieve real-time performance by following the fundamental concept of *** general,the mass–spring system is applied to real-time cloth simulation with three types of ***,hard spring cloth simulation using the mass–spring system requires a small integration time-step in order to use a large stiffness ***,to obtain stable behavior,constraint enforcement is used instead of maintenance of the force of each *** force computation involves a large sparse linear solving *** to the large computation,we implement a cloth simulation using adaptive constraint activation and deactivation techniques that involve the mass-spring system and constraint enforcement method to prevent excessive elongation of *** the same time,when the length of the spring is stretched or compressed over a defined threshold,adaptive constraint activation and deactivation method deactivates the spring and generate the implicit *** method that uses a serial process of the Central Processing Unit(CPU)to solve the system in every frame cannot handle the complex structure of cloth model in *** simulation utilizes the Graphic Processing Unit(GPU)parallel processing with compute shader in OpenGL Shading Language(GLSL)to solve the system *** this paper,we design and implement parallel method for cloth simulation,and experiment on the performance and behavior comparison of the mass-spring system,constraint enforcement,and adaptive constraint activation and deactivation techniques the using GPU-based parallel method.

关键词： Adaptive constraint cloth simulation constraint enforcement GLSL compute shader mass–spring system parallel GPU

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Accelerating Falcon Post-Quantum Digital Signature Algorithm on Graphic Processing Units

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计算机、材料和连续体（英文） 2023年第4期75卷 1963-1980页

作者： seog Chung seo Sang Woo An Dooho choi Kookmin University Seoul02707Korea Telecommunications Technology Association(TTA) Gyeonggi-do13591Korea Korea University Sejong30019Korea

Since 2016,the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)has been performing a competition to standardize post-quantum cryptography(PQC).Although Falcon has been selected in the competition as one of the standard PQC algorithms because of its advantages in short key and signature sizes,its performance overhead is larger than that of other lattice-based *** study presents multiple methodologies to accelerate the performance of Falcon using graphics processing units(GPUs)for server-side *** GPU porting significantly degrades performance because the Falcon reference codes require recursive functions in its sampling ***,an iterative sampling approach for efficient parallel processing is *** this study,the Falcon software applied a fine-grained execution model and reported the optimal number of threads in a thread ***,the polynomial multiplication performance was optimized by parallelizing the number-theoretic transform(NTT)-based polynomial multiplication and the fast Fourier transform(FFT)-based ***,dummy-based parallel execution methods have been introduced to handle the thread divergence *** presented Falcon software on RTX 3090 NVIDA GPU based on the proposed methods with Falcon-512 and Falcon-1024 parameters outperform at 35.14,28.84,and 34.64 times and 33.31,27.45,and 34.40 times,respectively,better than the central processing unit(CPU)reference implementation using Advanced Vector Extensions 2(AVX2)instructions on a Ryzen 95900X running at 3.7 GHz in key generation,signing,and verification,***,the proposed Falcon software can be used in servers managing multiple concurrent clients for efficient certificate verification and be used as an outsourced key generation and signature generation server for Signature as a service(SaS).

关键词： DSA Falcon GPU CUDA software optimization

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Long-term changes and periodicity of ice phenomena in the high mountain Lake Morskie Oko(Tatra Mountains,Western Carpathians)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3063-3075页

作者： POCIASK-KARTECZKA Joanna NIECKARZ Zenon choiŃSKI Adam Institute of Geography and Spatial Management Jagiellonian UniversityKraków 30387Poland Marian Smoluchowski Institute of Physics Jagiellonian UniversityKraków 30348Poland Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental Planning Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańPoznań61680Poland

High montain lakes are regarded as sensitive indicators of environmental changes in local and global *** recent years,climate change has considerablely influenced the timing of ice phenomena in these *** objective of the paper is an investigation of long-term changes and periodicity of ice phenomena in high mountain Lake Morskie Oko(1392.8 m a.s.l.)located in the Tatra *** the period *** study employed the Lomb-Scargle periodogram,linear regression modelling for temporal trends,correlation analysis,parameters of variability,and flashiness *** of the duration of ice phenomena(~5.4 y)and ice cover on the lake(~13.5 y)was observed,although both are statistically *** cover duration has been interrupted several times by winter thaws after 1996 whereas no such events had been reported *** trend towards a delayed appearance of ice phenomena reaches 4.0 d·decade^(-1)(pserved trend towards an earlier ice phenomena disappearance reaches 5.1 d·decade^(-1)(pserved.A statistically significant correlation is recorded between ice phenomena and ice cover(beginning,end,duration),average annual air temperature,average air temperature of three summer months(June,July,August),and average air temperature of the six months period from June to *** air temperature induces growing heat resources accumulated in the lake water in the summer and autumn seasons,potentially causing later initiation of ice phenomena in the *** is no statistically significant r

关键词： Ice phenomena Lakes High mountains Climate warming East-Central Europe

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肝硬化中增殖型肝细胞癌：LI-RADS 4/5和M类病人的预后

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第4期 496-496页

作者： S.Heo H.J.Kang S.H.choi S.Kim Y.Yoo W.M.choi 程昊

摘要目的旨在比较肝硬化病人增殖型肝细胞癌（HCC）的肝脏影像报告与数据系统（LI-RADS）中的4/5类和M类（LR-M），并评估其对预后的影响。方法该回顾性多阅

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Nanocrystalline Iron Pyrophosphate-Regulated Amorphous Phosphate Overlayer for Enhancing Solar Water Oxidation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 387-400页

作者： Chengkai Xia Yuankai Li Minyeong Je Jaekyum Kim Sung Min Cho Chang Hyuck choi Heechae choi Tae-Hoon Kim Jung Kyu Kim School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)2066 Seobu-roJangan-guSuwon 16419Republic of Korea Theoretical Materials and Chemistry Group Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr.650939 CologneGermany Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Engineering Research CenterChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

A rational regulation of the solar water splitting reaction pathway by adjusting the surface composition and phase structure of catalysts is a substantial approach to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics and improve the energy conversion *** this study,we demonstrate a nanocrystalline iron pyrophosphate(Fe_(4)(P_(2)O_(7))_(3),FePy)-regulated hybrid overlayer with amorphous iron phosphate(FePO_(4),FePi)on the surface of metal oxide nanostructure with boosted photoelectrochemical(PEC)water *** manipulating the facile electrochemical surface treatment followed by the phosphating process,nanocrystalline FePy is localized in the FePi amorphous overlayer to form a heterogeneous hybrid *** FePy-regulated hybrid overlayer(FePy@FePi)results in significantly enhanced PEC performance with long-term *** with the homogeneous FePi amorphous overlayer,FePy@FePi can improve the charge transfer efficiency more significantly,from 60% of FePi to 79%of FePy@*** density-functional theory calculations reveal that the coexistence of FePi and FePy phases on the surface of metal oxide results in much better oxygen evolution reaction kinetics,where the FePi was found to have a typical down-hill reaction for the conversion from OH*to O_(2),while FePy has a low free energy for the formation of OH*.

关键词： Water oxidation Photoelectrochemical cell Metal pyrophosphate Electrochemical surface treatment

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Impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2720-2730页

作者： Jongmuk Won Yongjoon Choe Yerim Yang Hangseok choi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UlsanDaehak-ro 93Nam-guUlsan680-749South Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringAnam-dong 5-gaKorea UniversitySeoul136-713South Korea

The detached clay particles directly filtrated through the sand-clay mixture lead to suffusion;however,if the detached clay particles are subjected to reattachment,the degree of suffusion may be less *** study investigates the impact of clay particle reattachment on suffusion of sand-clay mixtures through laboratory soil-column *** observed breakthrough curves(BTCs)of kaolinite,illite,and montmorillonite for 5 different column lengths(3 in,6 in,9 in,12 in,and 18 in;1 in=2.54 cm)indicated that a higher breakthrough concentration was observed as the column length(L)decreased for kaolinite and illite,whereas a reverse trend was observed for *** addition,the increase in the fraction of filtrated clay particles(Me)with an increase in L(Me=10.42%for L=3 in and Me=3.59%for L=18 in)for the sand-illite mixture indicated that the reattachment effect became more significant as the travel length of detached clay particles *** observed BTCs,retention profiles after injection,and fraction of filtrated clay presented herein suggest the need to incorporate the reattachment effect when assessing the suffusion of clay-containing soils.

关键词： Suffusion Reattachment Sandeclay mixture Ionic concentration Column length

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Optimizing the thickness of Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer to limit the oxidization of Ta ohmic interface and ZrO_(2) switching layer for multilevel data storage

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 98-107页

作者： Muhammad Ismail Haider Abbas Chandreswar Mahata Changhwan choi Sungjun Kim Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

The multilevel storage capability of nonvolatile resistive random access memory(ReRAM)is greatly de-sired to accomplish high functioning memory *** this study,Ta_(2)O_(5) thin film with different thick-nesses(2,4,and 6 nm)was exploited as an appropriate interfacial barrier layer for limiting the formation of the interfacial layer between the 10 nm thick sputtering deposited resistive switching(RS)layer and Ta ohmic electrode to improve the switching cycle endurance and *** show that lower form-ing voltage,narrow distribution of seT-voltages,good dc switching cycles(10^(3)),high pulse endurance(10^(6) cycles),long retention time(10^(4) s at room temperature and 100℃),and reliable multilevel resis-tance states were obtained at an appropriate thickness of∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer instead of without Ta_(2)O_(5) and with∼4 nm,and∼6 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier layer,ZrO_(2)-based memristive ***,multilevel resistance states have been scientifically investigated via modulating the compliance current(CC)and REseT-stop voltages,which displays that all of the resistance states were distinct and stayed stable without any considerable deprivation over 10^(4) s retention time and 104 pulse endurance *** I-V characteristics of REseT-stop voltage(from−1.7 to−2.3 V)of HRS are found to be a good linear fit with the Schottky *** can be seen that Schottky barrier height rises by increasing the stop-voltage during REseT-operation,resulting in enhancing the data storage memory window(on/offratio).Moreover,REseT-voltage and CC control of HRS and LRS revealed the physical origin of the RS mecha-nism,which entails the formation and rupture of conducting *** is thoroughly investigated that proper optimization of the barrier layer at the ohmic interface and the switching layer is essential in memristive *** results demonstrate that the ZrO_(2)-based memristive device with an optimized∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier

关键词： Resistive switching Ta_(2)O_(5)/ZrO_(2)bilayer film Barrier layer thickness Multilevel resistance states REseT-stop voltage

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Barrett’s esophagus:Review of natural history and comparative efficacy of endoscopic and surgical therapies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第3期14卷 568-586页

作者： Kevin Kyung Ho choi Santosh Sanagapalli AW Morrow Gastroenterology Liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney 2050NSWAustralia Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s HospitalDarlinghurst 2010NSWAustralia

Barrett's esophagus(BE)is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC).Progression to cancer typically occurs in a stepwise fashion through worsening dysplasia and ultimately,invasive *** EAC with deep involvement of the esophageal wall and/or metastatic disease is invariably associated with poor long-term survival *** guides the rationale of surveillance of Barrett’s in an attempt to treat lesions at an earlier,and potentially curative *** last two decades have seen a paradigm shift in management of Barrett’s with rapid expansion in the role of endoscopic eradication therapy(EET)for management of dysplastic and early neoplastic BE,and there have been substantial changes to international consensus guidelines for management of early BE based on evolving *** review aims to assist the physician in the therapeutic decision-making process with patients by comprehensive review and summary of literature surrounding natural history of Barrett’s by histological stage,and the effectiveness of interventions in attenuating the risk posed by its natural *** findings were as ***-dysplastic Barrett’s is associated with extremely low risk of progression,and interventions cannot be *** annual risk of cancer progression in low grade dysplasia is between 1%-3%;EET can be offered though evidence for its benefit remains confined to highly select ***-grade dysplasia progresses to cancer in 5%-10%per year;EET is similarly effective to and less morbid than surgery and should be routinely performed for this *** of nodal metastases in intramucosal cancer is 2%-4%,which is comparable to operative mortality rate,so EET is usually *** cancer is associated with nodal metastases in 14%-41%hence surgery remains standard of care,except for select situations.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Endoscopic eradication therapy Dysplasia Adenocarcinoma Natural history Radiofrequency ablation

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