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Nanotechnology-based approach for safer enrichment of semen with best spermatozoa

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 390-401页

作者： Casey l.Durfey Sabrina E.Swistek Shengfa F.liao Mark A.Crenshaw Henry J.Clemente Rooban V.K.G.Thirumalai Christy S.Steadman Peter l.Ryan scott T.Willard Jean M.Feugang Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Biochemistry Molecular BiologyEntomology and Plant PathologyMississippi StateMSUSA Clemente Associates MadisonCTUSA Institute of Imaging and Analytic Technology(I2AT) Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine Biochemistry Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMSUSA.

Background: Advances in nanotechnology have permitted molecular-based targeting of cells through safe and biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles(MNP). Their use to detect and remove damaged spermatozoa from semen doses could be of great interest. Here, MNP were synthesized and tested for their ability to target apoptotic(annexin V) and acrosome-reacted(lectin) boar spermatozoa, for high-throughout retrieval in a magnetic field(nanoselection). The potential impacts of nanoselection on sperm functions and performance of offspring sired by sperm subjected to nanoselection were determined. Fresh harvested and extended boar semen was mixed with various amounts(0, 87.5, and 175 μg) of MNP-conjugates(Annexin V-MNP or lectin-MNP) and incubated(10 to15 min) for 37 °C in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, extended semen was mixed with optimal concentrations of MNP-conjugates and incubated(0, 30, 90, or 120 min). In Exp. 3, the synergistic effects of both MNP-conjugates(87.5 μg– 30 min)on spermatozoa was evaluated, followed by sperm fertility assessments through pregnancy of inseminated gilts and performance of neonatal offspring. Sperm motion, viability, and morphology characteristics were evaluated in all ***: Transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and hyperspectral imaging techniques were used to confirm attachment of MNP-conjugates to damaged spermatozoa. The motility of nanoselected spermatozoa was improved(P lity of boar sperm, as assessed by the abundance of reactive oxygen species and the integrity of the acrosome, plasma membrane, and mitochondrial membrane was not different between nanoselected and control spermatozoa. The fertility of gilts inseminated with control or nanoselected spermatozoa, as well as growth and health of their offspring were not different between(P > 0.05).Conclusions: The findings revealed the benefit of magnetic nanoselection for high-throughput targeting of damaged sperm, for removal and rapid and effortles

关键词： Acrosome reaction Apoptosis Artificial insemination Boar Iron oxide nanoparticles Nanopurification Nanoselection Nanotechnology Reproduction Swine

REVIEW Risk Assessment of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第3期2卷 179-248页

作者： T.KUIPER-GOODMAN P.M.scott Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate Health Protection Branch Health and Welfare Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada K1A0L2

Ochratoxin A (OA) is a mycotoxin which has been found to occur in foods of plant origin, in edible animal tissues, as well as in human blood sera and tissues. The ability of OA to move up the food chain is aided by its long half-life in certain edible animal species. In this report, an evaluation of the health risks to Canadians due to the presence of OA in food products is presented. The first part of the report deals with the physicochemical aspects, mycology, laboratory production, analytical methods, and natural occurrence in plant products, animal products, and human tissues. The stability of OA in foods and feeds, the effects of food processing, and the removal from foods and feeds by physicochemical means are also discussed. From these data, the worst case estimate for the daily exposure of Canadians to OA, from the consumption of pork-based food products and cereal foods, is approximately 5 ng OA/kg body wt (mean of eaters) for young children, the highest consumption group on a body weight basis. The second part of the report deals with the metabolic disposition as well as the available toxicity database for OA in laboratory animals, farm animals, and humans. The major target for OA toxicity in all mammalian species tested is the kidney, and endemic nephropathies affecting livestock as well as humans have been attributed to OA. OA is also teratogenic, and in the fetus the major target is the developing central nervous system. Recent studies have provided 'clear evidence' of the carcinogenicity of OA in two rodent species. OA was found to be nonmutagenic in various microbial and mammalian gene mutation assays, but weak genotoxic activity to mammalian cells was noted. In addition, OA was found to suppress immune function. Based on the NTP carcinogenicity study with OA in rats, the estimated tolerable daily intake in humans ranges from 0.2 to 4.2 ng OA/kg body wt, depending on the method of extrapolation used. In view of the toxic properties of OA, it is recomm

关键词： OA REVIEW Risk Assessment of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A

Guanylyl cyclase C signaling axis and colon cancer prevention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第36期22卷 8070-8077页

作者： Amanda M Pattison Dante J Merlino Erik S Blomain scott A Waldman Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Thomas Jefferson University

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a major cause of cancerrelated mortality and morbidity worldwide. While improved treatments have enhanced overall patient outcome, disease burden encompassing quality of life, cost of care, and patient survival has seen little benefit. Consequently, additional advances in CRC treatments remain important, with an emphasis on preventative measures. Guanylyl cyclase C(GUCY2C), a transmembrane receptor expressed on intestinal epithelial cells, plays an important role in orchestrating intestinal homeostatic mechanisms. These effects are mediated by the endogenous hormones guanylin(GUCA2A) and uroguanylin(GUCA2B), which bind and activate GUCY2 C to regulate proliferation, metabolism and barrier function in intestine. Recent studies have demonstrated a link between GUCY2 C silencing and intestinal dysfunction, including tumorigenesis. Indeed, GUCY2 C silencing by the near universal loss of its paracrine hormone ligands increases colon cancer susceptibility in animals and humans. GUCY2C's role as a tumor suppressor has opened the door to a new paradigm for CRC prevention by hormone replacement therapy using synthetic hormone analogs, such as the FDA-approved oral GUCY2 C ligand linaclotide(linzess^(TM)). Here we review the known contributions of the GUCY2 C signaling axis to CRC, and relate them to a novel clinical strategy targeting tumor chemoprevention.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Guanylin Uroguanylin Chemoprevention Heat-stable enterotoxins Cyclic guanosine monophosphate Guanylyl cyclase C

Portal vein thrombosis, mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第27期7卷 2774-2780页

作者： Jonathan G Stine Puja M Shah scott l Cornella Sean R Rudnick Marwan S Ghabril George J Stukenborg Patrick G Northup Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Virginia Department of Surgery University of Virginia Department of Medicine University of Virginia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University Department of Public Health Science University of Virginia

AIM: To determine the clinical impact of portal vein thrombosis in terms of both mortality and hepatic decompensations(variceal hemorrhage, ascites, portosystemic encephalopathy) in adult patients with ***: We identified original articles reported through February 2015 in MEDlINE, Scopus, Science Citation Index, AMED, the Cochrane library, and relevant examples available in the grey literature. Two independent reviewers screened all citations for inclusion criteria and extracted summary data. Random effects odds ratios were calculated to obtain aggregate estimates of effect size across included studies, with 95%***: A total of 226 citations were identified and reviewed, and 3 studies with 2436 participants were included in the meta-analysis of summary effect. Patients with portal vein thrombosis had an increased risk of mortality(OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.11-2.36, P = 0.01). Portal vein thrombosis was associated with an increased risk of ascites(OR = 2.52, 95%CI: 1.63-3.89, P lable to determine the pooled effect on other markers of decompensation including gastroesophageal variceal bleeding or hepatic encephalopathy. CONClUSION: Portal vein thrombosis appears to increase mortality and ascites, however, the relatively small number of included studies limits more generalizable conclusions. More trials with a direct comparison group are needed.

关键词： Hepatology Coagulopathy liver Ascites Hepatic ence

The Palmar Cutaneous Branch of the Median Nerve: A Detailed Morphometric Study

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2014年第4期2卷 101-106页

作者： Orane Richards scott Border Claire Bolton Alexandra l. Webb Centre for learning Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton UK Orthopaedic Surgery Unit The Canberra Hospital Canberra Australia Medical School Australian National University Canberra Australia

Damage to the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve (PCBMN) is a potential complication of surgery at the volar aspect of the wrist. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships of the PCBMN to both surface and bony landmarks using reliable methods. Ten pairs of forearms from cadavers aged 73 to 98 years were dissected. The PCBMN was identified and its course and relationships documented. The situation of the PCBMN was quantified relative to the distal wrist crease, bistyloid line, scaphoid tubercle, radial styloid process and flexor carpi radialis tendon. A PCBMN was identified on 90% of sides. The PCBMN arose from the radial aspect of the median nerve 52.4 (SD 31.0) mm from the bistyloid line and entered the transverse carpal ligament 10.9 (SD 9.5) mm proximal to the bistyloid line. At the level of the distal wrist crease the PCBMN was located 0.6 to 7.5 mm (mean 4.5;SD 1.9 mm) from the ulnar aspect of the flexor carpi radialis tendon. The inter- and intra-observer reliability of the measurement methods ranged from ICC 0.96 to 1.00. Detailed morphometric data of the PCBMN relative to bony landmarks contribute to knowledge of the spatial relationships of the PCBMN to inform the precision of surgical incisions.

关键词： Palmar Cutaneous Branch Median Nerve Morphometry Gross Anatomy Surgery

Shock standards Cu, Ag, Ir, and Pt in a wide pressure range

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第4期8卷 37-46页

作者： leonid Burakovsky Dean l.Preston scott D.Ramsey Charles E.Starrett Roy S.Baty los Alamos National laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA

Although they are polymorphic(multiphase)materials,both copper and silver are reliable Hugoniot standards,and thus it is necessary to establish an accurate analytic model of their principal *** we present analytic forms of their principal Hugoniots,as well as those of iridium and platinum,two“pusher”standards for shock-ramp experiments,over a wide range of *** are based on our new analytic model of the principal Hugoniot[Burakovsky et al.,***.132,215109(2022)].Comparison of the four Hugoniots with experimental and independent theoretical data(such data exist to very high pressures for both copper and silver)demonstrates excellent ***,the new model for copper and silver can be considered as providing the corresponding Hugoniot standards over a wide pressure *** also suggest an approach for calculating the Grüneisen parameter along the Hugoniot and apply it to copper as a prototype,and our results appear to be in good agreement with the available data.

关键词： silver copper analytic

Modulation of the electronic states of perovskite SrCrO3 thin films through protonation via low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation approaches

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Frontiers of physics 2020年第1期15卷 43-50页

作者： Meng Wu Shanquan Chen Chuanwei Huang Xing Ye Haiping Zhou Xiaochun Huang Kelvin H.l.Zhang Wensheng Yan lihua Zhang Kisslinger Kim Yingge Du scott Chambers Jin-Cheng Zheng Hui-Qiong Wang Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Semiconductors and Applications Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient DevicesDepartment of PhysicsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Special Functional Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China State Key laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China National Synchrotron Radiation laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973-5000USA Physical Sciences Division Physical and Computational Sciences DirectoratePacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA

Hydrogenation of transition metal oxides offers a powerful platform to tailor physical functionalities as well as for potential applications in modern electronic *** ideal nondestructive and efficient hydrogen incorporation approach is important for the realistic technological *** demonstrate the proton injection on SrCro3 thin films via an efficient low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation experiments,without destroying the original lattice *** ions accumu-late largely at the interfacial regions with amorphous character which extend about one-third of the total *** ***3(HSCO)thin films appear like exfoliated layers which however retain the fully strained state with distorted perovskite *** doping induces the change of Cr oxidation state from Cr^4+to Cr^3+in HSCO thin films and a transition from metallic to insulat-ing *** investigations suggest an attractive platform in manipulating the electronic phases in proton-based approaches and may offer a potential peeling off strategy for nanoscale devices through low-energy hydrogen plasma implantation approaches.

关键词： transition metal oxide thin film metal-insulator transition hydrogenation

Pasture-finishing of bison improves animal metabolic health and potential health-promoting compounds in meat

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第4期14卷 1759-1776页

作者： Stephan van Vliet Amanda D.Blair lydia M.Hite Jennifer Cloward Robert E.Ward Carter Kruse Herman A.van Wietmarchsen Nick van Eekeren scott l.Kronberg Frederick D.Provenza Center for Human Nutrition Studies Department of NutritionDieteticsand Food SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Applied SciencesUtah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA Department of Wildland Resources Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84332USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD 57707USA Turner Institute of Ecoagriculture BozemanMT 59718USA louis Bolk Institute Bunnik 3981AJthe Netherlands Northern Great Plains Research laboratory USDA-Agricultural Research ServiceMandanND 58554USA

Background With rising concerns regarding the effects of red meat on human and environmental health,a growing number of livestock producers are exploring ways to improve production systems.A promising avenue includes agro-ecological practices such as rotational grazing of locally adapted ***,growing consumer interest in pasture-finished meat(i.e.,grass-fed)has raised questions about its nutritional ***,the goal of this study was to determine the impact of two common finishing systems in North American bison—pasture-finished or pen-finished on concentrates for 146 d—on metabolomic,lipidomic,and fatty acid profiles of striploins(*** lumborum).Results Six hundred and seventy-one(671)out of 1570 profiled compounds(43%)differed between pasture-and penfinished conditions(n=20 animals per group)(all,Plative to pasture-finished animals,the muscle of pen-finished animals displayed elevated glucose metabolites(~1.6-fold),triglycerides(~2-fold),markers of oxidative stress(~1.5-fold),and proteolysis(~1.2-fold).In contrast,pasture-finished animals displayed improved mitochondrial(~1.3-fold higher levels of various Krebs cycle metabolites)and carnitine metabolism(~3-fold higher levels of long-chain acyl carnitines)(all Plso concentrated higher levels of phenolics(~2.3-fold),alpha-tocopherol(~5.8-fold),carotene(~2.0-fold),and very long-chain fatty acids(~1.3-fold)in their meat,while having lower levels of a common advanced lipoxidation(4-hydroxy-nonenal-glutathione;~2-fold)and glycation end-product(N6-carboxymethyllysine;~1.7-fold)(all Pl,and three phenolics commonly found in alfalfa were~2.5-fold higher in pen-finished animals(all Plants rich in those compounds,may be *** Pasture-finishing(i.e.,grass-fed)broadly improves bison metabolic health and accumulates additional po

关键词： Bison Grass-fed Meat Nutrition Omega-3 fats Pasture-raised Phytochemicals