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Prospects for sociogenomics in avian cooperative breeding and parental care

Current Zoology 2020年第3期66卷 293-306页

作者： Flavia TERMIGNoNI-GARCIA Matthew I.M.LoUDER Christopher N.BALAKRISHNAN Lauren o’CoNNELL scott V.EDWARDS Department of organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA International Research Center for Neurointelligence The University of TokyoHongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

For the last 40 years,the study of cooperative breeding(CB)in birds has proceeded primarily in the context of discovering the ecological,geographical,and behavioral drivers of *** advent of molecular tools in the early 1990s assisted in clarifying the relatedness of helpers to those helped,in some cases,confirming predictions of kin selection *** for genome-wide analysis of sequence variation,gene expression,and epigenetics promise to add new dimensions to our understanding of avian CB,primarily in the area of molecular and developmental correlates of delayed breeding and dispersal,as well as the ontogeny of achieving parental status in ***,we outline key ways in which modern-omics approaches,in particular genome sequencing,transcriptomics,and epigenetic profiling such as ATAC-seq,can be used to add a new level of ana-lysis of avian *** on recent and ongoing studies of avian social behavior and sociogenom-ics,we review how high-throughput sequencing of a focal species or clade can provide a robust foundation for downstream,context-dependent destructive and non-destructive sampling of spe-cific tissues or physiological states in the field for analysis of gene expression and epigenetics.-omics approaches have the potential to inform not only studies of the diversification of CB over evolutionary time,but real-time analyses of behavioral interactions in the field or *** of birds represents a new branch in the network of methods used to study CB,and can help clarify ways in which the different levels of analysis of CB ultimately interact in novel and unexpected ways.

关键词： ATAC-seq behavior convergent evolution epigenetics neurobiology phylogeny

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Effects of structural characterizations on fragility functions of bridges subject to seismic shaking and lateral spreading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2008年第4期7卷 369-382页

作者： scott J.Brandenberg Pirooz Kashighandi Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California

This paper evaluates the seismic vulnerability of different classes of typical bridges in California when subjected to seismic shaking or liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The detailed structural configurations in terms of superstructure type, connection, continuity at support and foundation type, etc. render different damage resistant capability. Six classes of bridges are established based on their anticipated failure mechanisms under earthquake shaking. The numerical models that are capable of simulating the complex soil-structure interaction effects, nonlinear behavior of columns and connections are developed for each bridge class. The dynamic responses are obtained using nonlinear time history analyses for a suite of 250 earthquake motions with increasing intensity. An equivalent static analysis procedure is also implemented to evaluate the vulnerability of the bridges when subjected to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. Fragility functions for each bridge class are derived and compared for both seismic shaking （based on nonlinear dynamic analyses） and lateral spreading （based on equivalent static analyses） for different performance states. The study finds that the fragility functions due to either ground shaking or lateral spreading show significant correlation with the structural characterizations, but differences emerge for ground shaking and lateral spreading conditions. Structural properties that will mostly affect the bridges＇ damage resistant capacity are also identified.

关键词： fragility functions bridge seismic response liquefaction lateral spreading structural characterization

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Extract Rules by Using Rough Set and Knowledge-Based NN

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1998年第3期13卷 279-284页

作者：王士同 E.scott 等 DepartmentofComputer EastChinaShipbuildingInstituteZhenjiang212003PR.China DepartmentofComputer Ro

In this paper, rough set theory is used to extract roughly-correct inference rules from information systems. Based on this idea, the learning algorithm ERCR is presented. In order to refine the learned roughly-correct inference rules, the knowledge-based neural network is used. The method presented here sufficiently combines the advanages of rough set theory and neural network.

关键词： Rough set theory ,knowledge-based NN (neural network) knowledge discovery machine learning

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Corneal astigmatic outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with surface penetrating arcuate keratotomies

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International Journal of ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第7期16卷 1084-1092页

作者： Nick Stanojcic David o’Brart Chris Hull Vijay Wagh Elodie Azan Mani Bhogal scott Robbie Ji-Peng olivia Li Department of ophthalmology Guy’s and St.Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondon SE17EHUK Centre for Applied Vision Research School of Health SciencesUniversity of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUK King’s College London London WC2R 2LSUK

AIM:To evaluate corneal astigmatic outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomies(FAKs)combined with femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery(FLACS)over 12mo ***:Totally 145 patients with bilateral cataracts and no ocular co-morbidities were recruited to a singlecentre,single-masked,prospective randomized controlled trial(RCT)comparing two monofocal hydrophobic acrylic intraocular *** with corneal astigmatism(CA)of>0.8 dioptres(D)received unpaired,unopened,surface penetrating FAKs at the time of *** acuity,subjective refraction and Scheimpflug tomography were recorded at 1,6,and *** vectoral analyses were ***:Fifty-one patients(61 eyes),mean age 68.2±9.6y[standard deviation(SD)],received *** eyes were available for analysis,except at 12mo when 59 *** were no complications due to *** pre-operative CA was 1.13±0.20 *** was a reduction of astigmatism at all post-operative visits(residual CA 1mo:0.85±0.42 D,P=0.0001;6mo:0.86±0.35 D,P=0001;and 12mo:0.90±0.39,P=0.0001).Alpins indices remained stable over ***,the cohort was under-corrected at all time *** 12mo,61%of eyes were within±15 degrees of pre-operative astigmatic ***:Unpaired unopened penetrating FAKs combined with on-axis phacoemulsification are safe but minimally *** is largely under-corrected in this cohort using an existing unmodified *** effect of arcuate keratotomies on CA remained stable over 12mo.

关键词： femtosecond cataract surgery astigmatic keratotomy laser cataract surgery femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery arcuate keratotomy

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Response of single piles and pipelines in liquefaction-induced lateral spreads using controlled blasting

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2002年第2期1卷 181-193页

作者： scott A.Ashford Teerawut Juirnarongrit Department of Structural Engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093-0085

Two full-scale experiments using controlled blasting were conducted in the Port of Tokachi on Hokkaido Island, Japan,to assess the behavior of piles and pipelines subjected to lateral *** specimens were extensively instrumented with strain gauges to measure the distribution of moment during lateral *** allowed us to compute the loading condition,as well as to conduct damage and performance assessments on the piles and *** paper presents the test results and discussions on the response of single piles and pipelines observed from the full-scale *** on the test results,it can be concluded that using controlled blasting successfully liquefied the soil,and subsequently induced lateral *** movements of the single pile,as well as the transverse pipelines,were approximately the same as the free field soil *** moment distribution of the single pile indicated that global translation of the liquefied soil layer provided insignificant force to the *** addition,the degree of fixity at the pile tip significantly affected the moment along the pile as well as the pile head *** pile with a higher degree of fixity at the pile tip had smaller pile head displacement but larger maximum moment.

关键词： piles pipelines pile tests lateral spreading liquefaction soil-pile interaction

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Chronic liver disease in Aboriginal North Americans

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4607-4615页

作者： John D scott Naomi Garland Department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98144 United States Department of Laboratory Medicine University of WashingtonSeattle WA 98144 United States

A structured literature review was performed to detail the frequency and etiology of chronic liver disease (CLD) in Aboriginal North Americans. CLD affects Aboriginal North Americans disproportionately and is now one of the most common causes of death. Alcoholic liver disease is the leading etiology of CLD, but viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C, is an important and growing cause of CLD. High rates of autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are reported in regions of coastal British Columbia and southeastern Alaska. Non-alcoholic liver disease is a common, but understudied, cause of CLD. Future research should monitor the incidence and etiology of CLD and should be geographically inclusive. In addition, more research is needed on the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in this population.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis B virus American Indian Alaska Native Chronic liver disease

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Gravity tectonics controls on reservoir-scale sandbodies:Insights from 3D seismic geomorphology of the canyons buried in the upper slope of the Eastern Niger delta basin

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第3期5卷 244-260页

作者： Vivian o.oguadinma Jean-Yves Reynaud Vincent Delhaye-Prat Tony Akpi scott Thackrey Ademola Lanisa Massimo Dall’Asta Univ.Lille CNRSUniv.Littoral Côte d'OpaleUMR 8187LOGLaboratoire d'Océanologie et de GéosciencesF 59000 LilleFrance Total Energies E&P Africa-HUB CSTJFAvenue Larribau64000PauFrance

High-resolution 3D seismic data analysis was integrated with a calibrated well and biostratigraphy data to present the first overview of a buried Pleistocene canyon system on the upper slope of the eastern Niger Delta,the Galabor *** maps of specific horizons allow documenting the changing morphologies and infill lithologies of two main branches of the canyon through two stages of activity separated by a reference horizon dated at 0.99 Ma based on well *** the upper slope,growth faults dissect the canyon heads,the catchment of which encroaches a network of valleys incised on the outer *** canyon fill is composed of muddy channels and mass-transport deposits,largely derived from the collapse of canyon walls and sand-rich bodies forming a tract sourced by shelf-edge deltas at the outlet of the incised ***-density turbiditic processes likely control the distribution of sand bodies along the canyon,ranging from tributary fans on the upper slope to 6 km-wide meander belts on the middle *** sandy deposits accumulate in minibasins formed along the canyon path,downstream of the subsiding hanging wall of the growth faults and upstream of shale ridges that damp the flow in the *** results show that canyons can be major targets for sand reservoir exploration on the upper slope of large muddy deltas.

关键词： Geomorphology Submarine canyon 3D seismic Fault Shale ridge Reservoir Channel

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Genetic pathways controlling inflorescence architecture and development in wheat and barley

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 296-309页

作者： Adam Gauley scott A.Boden Department of Crop Genetics John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park

Modifications of inflorescence architecture have been crucial for the successful domestication of wheat and barley, which are central members of the Triticeae tribe that provide essential grains for the human diet. Investigation of the genes and alleles that underpin domestication-related traits has provided valuable insights into the molecular regulation of inflorescence development of the Triticeae, and further investigation of modified forms of architecture are proving to be equally *** identified genes are involved in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation, which alter inflorescence architecture by modifying the development and fertility of lateral organs, called spikelets and florets. Recent advances in sequencing capabilities and the generation of mutant populations are accelerating the identification of genes that influence inflorescence development, which is important given that genetic variation for this trait promises to be a valuable resource for optimizing grain production. This review assesses recent advances in our understanding of the genes controlling inflorescence development in wheat and barley, with the aim of highlighting the importance of improvements in developmental biology for optimizing the agronomic performance of staple crop plants.

关键词： Genetic pathways Modifications architecture

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Introduction to IEEE 802.3av 10Gbit/s Ethernet Passive optical Networks(10G EPoN)

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China Communications 2009年第4期6卷 136-147页

作者： Steven scott Gorshe Jeff Mandin ICs for optical Transmission and Access Systems United States Transmission Access and Optical Systems Technical Committee United States PMC-Sierra's Fiber-to-the-Home Business Unit United States

In the competitive broadband access environment, providing access to"triple play"services(voice, video, and high-speed data) is an important way for both telephone and CATV network providers to increase their *** optical Networks(PoNs) are a cost-effective, flexible, and future-proof medium for providing triple play *** 1 Gbit/s IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet PoN(EPoN) and ITU-T G.984 2.5 Gbit/ s PoN(GPoN) are currently being deployed for triple play service ***, high definition switched digital video service such as IPTV will require more *** paper provides a tutorial overview of the IEEE 802.3av 10Gbit/s Ethernet PoN(10G EPoN) standard, including the ways in which it differs from EPoN.

关键词： IEEE 以太网计算机网络电子邮件

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Future of Ecocriticism:Strategic-openness and Sustainability—An Interview with scott Slovic

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Comparative Literature:East & West 2010年第2期 105-116页

作者： SLoVIC scott The University of Nevada Reno

斯科特·斯洛维克现为美国内华达大学(里诺)英语系文学与环境教授,美国生态批评运动的主要倡导者之一。他创立了生态批评领域规模最大、最具影响力的学术组织——文学与环境研究会(As Sociation for theStudy of Li terature and Enviro... 详细信息

斯科特·斯洛维克现为美国内华达大学(里诺)英语系文学与环境教授,美国生态批评运动的主要倡导者之一。他创立了生态批评领域规模最大、最具影响力的学术组织——文学与环境研究会(As Sociation for theStudy of Li terature and Environment/ASLE)并长期担任会长。该研究会拥有一千多名会员。他积极帮助英国、德国、加拿大、印度、日本、韩国、澳大利亚及新西兰等十多个国家的学者建立了环境研究会分会,主编生态批评的权威期刊《文学与环境的跨文化研究》(Interdisciplinary Studies inLiterature and Environment,简称ISLE),编辑环境文学教材、文集近20种,代表作包括《探寻美国自然写作中的觉醒意识》、《走出去思考》等多部专著,发表论文1 50余篇。2010年5月到山东大学讲学,期间应邀到包括四川师范大学在内的几所大学访学并做系列讲座。本篇访谈是斯洛维克成都讲座基础上的一个拓展,主要集中讨论了生态批评的一些热点问题和生态批评的未来发展。斯洛维克认为,生态批评的策略开放和可持续发展是生态批评的活力和未来发展趋势。

关键词：生态批评环境研究文学教材山东大学编辑环境跨文化研究美国内华达学术组织澳大利亚自然写作

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