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Pediatric and adult liver transplantation in Bahrain: The experiences in a country with no available liver transplant facilities

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 96-111页

作者： hasan M Isa Fatema A Alkharsi Jawad K Khamis sawsan a hasan Zainab A Naser Zainab N Mohamed Afaf M Mohamed Shaikha A Altamimi Department of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of Medicine Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Public Health Directorate Ministry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain The Overseas Office Supreme Committee for Treatment AbroadMinistry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage liver disease and has become the standard and most effective treatment method for these *** are many indications for LT that vary between countries and *** outcome of LT depends on the available facilities and surgical expertise,as well as the types of liver graft donors *** To assess the clinical characteristics of patients from Bahrain who underwent LT overseas,and analyze factors affecting their *** In this retrospective cohort study,we reviewed the medical records and overseas committee registry information of all pediatric and adult patients who were sent overseas to undergo LT by the Pediatric and Medical Departments of Salmaniya Medical Complex and Bahrain Defence Force Hospital via the Overseas Treatment Office,Ministry of Health,Kingdom of Bahrain,between 1997 and *** data,LT indication,donor-recipient relationship,overseas LT center,graft type,post-LT medications,and LT complications,were *** measured included the overall and 5-year LT survival ***’s exact,Pearsonχ2,and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the pediatric and the adults’group in terms of clinical characteristics,donor-recipient relationship,medication,complications,and *** analysis was estimated via the Kaplan-Meier’s *** and multivariate analyses were used to detect predictors of *** Of the 208 eligible patients,170(81.7%)were sent overseas to undergo LT while 38(18.3%)remained on the waiting *** the 170 patients,167(80.3%)underwent LT and were included in the *** majority of the patients were Bahraini(91.0%),and most were males(57.5%).One-hundred-and-twenty(71.8%)were adults and 47(28.3%)were *** median age at transplant was 50.0[interquartile range(IQR):14.9–58.4]*** main indication for pediatric LT was biliary atresia(31.9%),while that of adult LT was

关键词： Overseas liver transplantation End-stage liver disease Liver transplant facilities Liver donor Biliary atresia Hepatitis C

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The association between mycotic pneumonia and neonatal septicemia

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2024年第3期6卷 137-141页

作者： Salman Khalid Salman Yasir Mufeed Abdulateef sawsan Qahtan Taha Al-Quhli Department of Microbiology College of MedicineUniversity of AnbarIraq

Background:Candida species are the fourth most common etiological agents of late-onset infection in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)and are responsible for considerable morbidity and ***:From November 2023 to February 2024,we investigated the association of mycotic pneumonia with septicemia in 60 neonates,and their roles of mycotic pneumonia in the morbidity and mortality of neonates in two NICUs in the Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital for Maternity and ***:All infants in this study had been diagnosed with septicemia and treated with empirical antimicrobial *** early morning nasogastric tube(NG-tube)was used to collect swallowed sputum by suction for culture and sensitivity ***:The average white blood count for the neonates was 8547±5884.5 cells/mm^(2).The mean C-reactive protein was 39.3±26 mg/l,the mean serum albumin was 2.9±0.2 g/dl and the positive bacterial blood culture was 28(46.7%).9(15%)neonates died during the study *** NG-tube culture identified fungal growth in all *** these,49(81.6%)were identified as Candida albicans,6(10%)as Candida tropicalis,and 5(8.3%)as Cryptococcus *** bacterial culture results from the NG-tube samples identified 13(21.6%)patients with gram-positive bacteria and 47(78.3%)with gram-negative ***:We found a prevalence of Candida *** neonates in addition to microbial oxygen tube contamination,indicating a biosafety breach in the neonatal *** infection requires global attention as a probable cause of respiratory failure in neonatal septicemia.

关键词： Neonatal sepsis Mycotic pneumonia Anti-Mycotic therapy NG-tube culture Nosocomial infections

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21st century critical care medicine:An overview

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Smitesh Padte Vikramaditya Samala Venkata Priyal Mehta sawsan Tawfeeq Rahul Kashyap Salim Surani Department of Research Global Remote Research Scholars ProgramSt.PaulMN 55104United States Department of Hospital Medicine Cheshire Medical Center/Dartmouth HealthKeeneNH 03431United States Department of Research WellSpan HealthYorkPA 17403United States Department of Pulmonary&Critical Care Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

Critical care medicine in the 21st century has witnessed remarkable advancements that have significantly improved patient outcomes in intensive care units(ICUs).This abstract provides a concise summary of the latest developments in critical care,highlighting key areas of *** advancements in critical care include Precision Medicine:Tailoring treatments based on individual patient characteristics,genomics,and biomarkers to enhance the effectiveness of *** objective is to describe the recent advancements in Critical Care ***:The integration of telehealth technologies for remote patient monitoring and consultation,facilitating timely *** intelligence(AI):AI-driven tools for early disease detection,predictive analytics,and treatment optimization,enhancing clinical *** Support:Advanced life support systems,such as Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provide better organ *** Control:Innovative infection control measures to combat emerging pathogens and reduce healthcare-associated *** Strategies:Precision ventilation modes and lung-protective strategies to minimize ventilatorinduced lung *** Management:Early recognition and aggressive management of sepsis with tailored ***-Centered Care:A shift towards patient-centered care focusing on psychological and emotional wellbeing in addition to medical *** conducted a thorough literature search on PubMed,EMBASE,and Scopus using our tailored strategy,incorporating keywords such as critical care,telemedicine,and sepsis management.A total of 125 articles meeting our criteria were included for qualitative *** ensure reliability,we focused only on articles published in the English language within the last two decades,excluding animal studies,in vitro/molecular studies,and non-original data like editorials,letters,protocols,and conference abs

关键词： Critical care medicine Intensive care unit Precision medicine Telemedicine Artificial intelligence Organ support Sepsis Infection control Patient-centered care

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Evaluation of the Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Toddlers with Spinal Dysraphism after Surgical Repair Using ASQ-3^™ Scores

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第1期14卷 14-29页

作者： Mujahid Imam Fawaz Eljili Marhoom sawsan Aldeaf Ali Awad Ahmed Zidan Mohamed Mustafa Ahmed Sanna Taha Neurosurgery Department National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Royal Care International Hospital Khartoum Sudan Al Ribat Neurospine Center Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Haj Almardi (Al Tamyouz) Hospital Khartoum Sudan Neurosurgery Department Al Jazeera Trauma Center Khartoum Sudan

Background: Spinal dysraphism represents a wide spectrum of congenital abnormalities of the spine. Myelomeningocele is considered the most common malformation and the most common we saw in our community, with its morbidity problems seen commonly in the postoperative period. ASQ-3TM Scores are the ages and stages questionnaire, third edition, and represent a tool to assess the development progress, especially in toddlers. Objectives: Evaluation of neurodevelopmental outcome among Sudanese toddlers with spinal dysraphism after surgical closure with or without a VP shunt using ASQ-3TM Scores. Methodology: This is a retrospective hospital-based study of 84 patients who underwent myelomeningocele repair at the National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) during the period from 2017 up to 2019. Data were collected through a constructed questionnaire, including ASQ-3TM Scores. Data were processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) computer program. Version 25. Results: 84 patients were included in this study;all patients were diagnosed with spinal dysraphism. Out of them, 51 (60.7%) were 2 years old, 33 (39.3%) were 3 years old, 45 (53.6%) were male, 45 (53.6%) of patients mothers attended ANC irregularly, and 54 (64.3%) their mothers didn’t receive folate supplements. 44 (52.3%) of patients underwent MMC repair only, while 40 (47.7%) underwent MMC repair and VP shunt. The commonest postoperative complication was infection, reported in 12 (14.3%) of patients, followed by VP shunt revision in 9 (10.7%) of patients. Neurological assessment showed that the majority of patients need further assessment with a professional, 57 (67.9%) of children don’t walk, run, or climb like other toddlers as their parent’s state;also, half of patients (42, 50%) had medical problems, and 27 (32.1%) of their parent’s state that they do not talk like other toddlers their age. There was a statistically significant association

关键词： Toddlers’ Neurodevelopmental Outcome Myelomeningocele Evaluation ASQ-3™ Scores Spinal Dysraphasim Neurodevelopmental Outcome

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Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potential of Arbutus andrachne *** leaf extract in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第11期11卷 491-499页

作者： Sahar M.Jaffal sawsan A.Oran Mohammad I.Alsalem Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of Jordan11942 AmmanJordan Department of Anatomy and Histology Faculty of MedicineThe University of Jordan11942 AmmanJordan

Objective:To explore the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of methanolic leaf extract from Arbutus andrachne and its mechanism of ***:Paw edema was induced by intraplantar(***.)injection ofλ-carrageenan(1%w/v,100μL/paw)while pyrexia was evoked by intraperitoneal(i.p.)injection of 20% baker’s yeast(20 mL/kg body wt)in male Wistar *** anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of Arbutus andrachne methanolic leaf extract were explored by injecting rats with different doses of the plant extract(150,300,and 600 mg/kg body wt,i.p.).Selective antagonists for transient receptor potential vanilloid-1(TRPV1),cannabinoid receptor 1(CB1),and alpha-2 adrenergic receptor(α2-AR)were used to unravel the extracts’mechanism of *** samples were collected from the heart of rats to measure the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***:The extract exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity by decreasing paw thickness and IL-6 *** addition,yeast-evoked pyrexia was attenuated by the extract treatment via TRPV1 and CB1 receptors and a reduction in PGE2 *** significant effects were found for α***,the rats that received the plant extract demonstrated similar responses to the positive control ***:Arbutus andrachne can be a good candidate for treating inflammation and pyrexia and should be further investigated.

关键词： Arbutus andrachne Anti-inflammatory Antipyretic PGE2 IL-6 TRPV1 CB1 α2-ARs

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Evaluation of rainwater harvesting and shrub establishment methods for sustainable watershed management in northern Afghanistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2346-2359页

作者： LOUHAICHI Mounir HASSAN sawsan GAMOUN Mouldi SAFI Navin ABDALLAH Mohamed A.B. ATES Serkan International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) Tunis 1004Tunisia Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas(ICARDA) Amman 11185Jordan Consultant-Field Assistant Mazar Sharif 1703Afghanistan

Watershed rangelands in Northern Afghanistan provide various ecosystem services that support the local people's livelihoods,but they are now highly degraded essentially due to the continuous high grazing pressure and recurrent *** of shrub establishment method enhanced by water harvesting techniques to rehabilitate degraded rangelands have not been well *** main goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of direct seeding and transplanting of seedlings in combination with semi-circular bunds on growth,yield,and survival rate of four shrub species(Atriplex halimus,Atriplex nummularia,Atriplex lentiformis,andMaireana brevifolia)under semi-arid conditions of Sayyad village,Khulm *** rate(%),plant height,width,and plant length(cm)and plant cover(%)were measured for each plant over five occasions.A non-destructive reference unit was used to estimate biomass *** results showed that growth attributes and biomass production of shrubs were consistently greater in the transplanting compared to direct *** average,the plant length,width,height,volume,cover,and biomass production of transplanted shrubs were greater than direct-seeded shrubs by 24.3%,8.6%,8.7%,121.5%,13.8% and 34.1%,*** production of transplanted seedlings was the highest for ***(1313.5 g DM/plant)and ***(800 g DM/plant).There was a strong correlation between plant biomass production and plant volume(R^(2)_(Plant volume)=0.88)for the shrub ***,indicating that plant volume is a key variable for assessing biomass production for this ***,the survival rate of *** was 100% in both planting methods,suggesting that based on better survival this halophytic plant has great potential when restoring degraded ***,on the basis of better growth rates,yield,and survival,transplanting *** *** may enhance shrub establishment and contribute to the rehabilitation of slop

关键词： Biomass production Land degradation Rangeland rehabilitation Seed germination Shrub survival Vegetation cover Water harvesting

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Impact of rangeland enclosure and seasonal grazing on protected and unprotected rangelands in Chakwal region, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第4期19卷 46-57页

作者： ISLAM Muhammad RAZZAQ Abdul ZUBAIR Muhammad HASSAN sawsan AHMAD Sarfraz GUL Shamim RISCHKOWSKY Barbara LOUHAICHI Mounir International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) South AsiaIslamabad 44050Pakistan Animal Science Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan Department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 66000Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Amman 11185Jordan Natural Resource Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan Botany Department University of Balochistan Quetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill UniversityQuebec H9X3V9Canada International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) SSAILRI campusAddis Ababa 5689Ethiopia International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Tunis 1004Tunisia

Scrub rangelands support livestock grazing and provide ecosystem services to their inhabitants. The present study was conducted in Chakwal, an important tract of the Pothwar Plateau,which sustains herds of small domestic and nomadic ruminants. Urbanization and uncontrolled grazing practices have reduced rangeland productivity and increased soil erosion and resulted in poor land conditions. This study assessed the influence of two years of rangeland protection on aboveground vegetation biomass and the chemical composition of plants and aimed to determine the influence of seasonal grazing on the live-weight gain of small *** the line intercept method, vegetation data from protected and unprotected plots in 2015 and 2016 were collected at two sites, Dhulli and *** cover was assessed from images using VegMeasure. Results showed that protected study sites displayed higher vegetation biomass(834 and 690 kg ha^(-1)) compared to the unprotected study site(477 and 326 kg ha^(-1)) during April and August of both years. In the seasonal grazing trial, the experimental ewes that grazed on protected rangelands showed higher live-weight gain(33–63 g day^(-1)) compared to live weight of ewes(17–21 g day^(-1)) that grazed on unprotected rangelands during the experimental period of 127 days at both sites. The results suggest that the Chakwal rangeland has tremendous potential to improve vegetation productivity but modern livestock management and seasonal grazing practices are needed to improve carrying capacity and livestock productivity.

关键词： Seasonal grazing Climate change Productivity Rangeland Protected area

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Plant-based diet and its effect on coronary artery disease:A narrative review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4752-4762页

作者： Priyal Mehta sawsan Tawfeeq Smitesh Padte Rayyan Sunasra Heet Desai Salim Surani Rahul Kashyap Department of General Medicine MWD HospitalMumbai 400097India Department of Research Global Remote Research Scholars ProgramSt.PaulMN 55104United States Hinduhridaysamrat Balasaheb Thackeray Medical College and Dr.R.N Cooper Hospital Mumbai 400056India Department of Internal Medicine CIBNPFairfieldCA 94534United States Department of Pulmonary&Critical Care&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Department of Research WellSpan HealthYorkPA 17403United States

Coronary artery disease(CAD),a primary component of cardiovascular diseases,is one of the top contributors to mortality rates *** 2021,dietary risk was estimated to be attributed to 6.58 million cardiovascular ***-based diets(PBDs),which encourage higher consumption of plant foods and lower intake of animal-based foods,have been shown to reduce the risk of CAD by up to 29% when compared to non-vegetarian diets in a *** article aims to summarize the array of PBDs and compare them with conventional Western diets that include *** review the various proposed mechanisms for how the bioactive nutrients of PBDs aid in preventing atherosclerosis and CAD events,as well as other cardiac *** conducted a detailed search of PubMed using our exclusive search strategy using the keywords plant-based diet,vegan diet,phytosterols,CAD,myocardial ischemia,and atherosclerosis.A total of 162 pertinent articles published within the past decade were identified for qualitative *** ensure the accuracy and reliability of our review,we included a total of 55 full-text,peer-reviewed articles that demonstrated the effects of plant-based diets on CAD and were written in *** excluded animal studies,in vitro or molecular studies,and non-original data like editorials,letters,protocols,and conference *** this article,we emphasize the importance of dietary interventions,such as PBDs,to prevent CAD and their benefits on environmental *** plant foods and whole grains into one's daily eating habits leads to an increase in the intake of nutrient-rich foods while reducing the consumption of processed food could not only prevent millions of premature deaths but also provide prevention against many chronic gastrointestinal and metabolic diseases.

关键词： Plant-based diet Phytosterol Coronary artery disease Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol Micronutrients Atherosclerosis

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Comparative Studies between Chemical and Tribochemical Reactions of Some Metal Complexes Derived from N-(O-Hydoxyphenyl)-N'-phenylthiourea (L)

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Open Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2016年第3期6卷 195-204页

作者： sawsan Mohamed Al-Ashqar Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah KSA

The reactions of N-(O-hydoxyphenyl)-N'-phenylthiourea (L) derived from with Cu+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Co3+ chloride and/or iodide afford new metal complexes. The isolated complexes were synthesized by two different techniques (chemical and tribochemical methods). Two complexes were synthesized by the direct chemical reactions of N-(O-hydoxyphenyl)-N'-phenylthiourea (L) with MCl2·XH2O (M = Co2+ and Cu2+;X = 6 in case of Co2+ and X = 2 in case of Cu2+) in absolute EtOH. The general formulae of the two complexes derived by the chemical method are [Cu(L)2(EtOH)2]Cl2 and [Co(L)2Cl2]Cl. These complexes were used to synthesize another two complexes using tribochemical reaction by grinding the previous chloride complexes with excess KI in agate mortar in the solid state. The isolated complexes have the general formulae, [Cu(L)I·H2O]·1/2H2O and [Co(L)I3(Et- OH)]·3EtOH. The results indicate the substitution of the chloride by iodide ions during grinding and extraction of the complexes by solvents. The IR spectra of the complexes suggest that L acts in a bidentate manner towards the metal ions. Moreover, the results of electronic spectra and magnetic measurements for the chloride complexes suggest distorted-octahedral structure for Cu2+ and low-spin octahedral structures around the CoII and Cu2+ ions, respectively. On the other hand the data suggest that the iodide complexes have square-planer and low-spin for the Cu+ and Co3+ ions, respectively. The results of mass spectra confirm the formulae proposed for the isolated complexes. The mechanisms of reduction of CuII and oxidation of CoII for the metal complexes were elucidated.

关键词： Tribochemical Reactions Derivatives of Thiourea Complexes Cu2+ and Co3+ Complexes

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The Status of Medicinal Plants in Jordan

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第6期4卷 461-467页

作者： sawsan Atallah Oran Dept. of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Jordan Amman 11942 Jordan

The taxonomic status of the medicinal plants in Jordan is expressed in terms of its diversity, the documentation of the scientific research that is carried out locally over the last many years; to test for the potential of some medicinal plant species （MPS） in Jordan on different biological aspects is also prepared. This has been reported here by revising and documenting the available literature to the author on this subject. The ecological status of medicinal plants in Jordar is also pointed out. The aim of this research was mainly to evaluate the status of the research on medicinal plants that was carried oul： to test for the different biological potentials of medicinal plants in Jordan and to emphasis the richness of the country of its wild medicinal plants, which are of promising value in whether for use in traditional medicine or in pharmaceutical industry, and certainly need lots of investigations and scientific research. Photographs of some medicinal plants that are common in Jordan and are used in traditional medicine in the urban areas and the Badia region, which is located in the Eastern part of the country and characterized by its dry weather conditions and least amount of rainfall in the country, are also included; the plant photographs are selected from different representative families of the common flowering plants in Jordan.

关键词： Medicinal plants diversity Jordan.

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