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effects of Salt Pond Restoration on Benthic Flux: Sediment as a Source of Nutrients to the Water Column

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Journal of environmental Protection 2016年第7期7卷 1064-1071页

作者： Brent R. Topping James S. Kuwabara James L. Carter Krista K. Garrett eric Mruz sarah Piotter John Y. Takekawa U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park CA USA U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Fremont CA USA U.S. Geological Survey Vallejo CA USA

Understanding nutrient flux between the benthos and the overlying water (benthic flux) is critical to restoration of water quality and biological resources because it can represent a major source of nutrients to the water column. extensive water management commenced in the San Francisco Bay, Beginning around 1850, San Francisco Bay wetlands were converted to salt ponds and mined extensively for more than a century. Long-term (decadal) salt pond restoration efforts began in 2003. A patented device for sampling porewater at varying depths, to calculate the gradient, was employed between 2010 and 2012. Within the former ponds, the benthic flux of soluble reactive phosphorus and that of dissolved ammonia were consistently positive (i.e., moving out of the sediment into the water column). The lack of measurable nitrate or nitrite concentration gradients across the sediment-water interface suggested negligible fluxes for dissolved nitrate and nitrite. The dominance of ammonia in the porewater indicated anoxic sediment conditions, even at only 1 cm depth, which is consistent with the observed, elevated sediment oxygen demand. Nearby open-estuary sediments showed much lower benthic flux values for nutrients than the salt ponds under resortation. Allochthonous solute transport provides a nutrient advective flux for comparison to benthic flux. For ammonia, averaged for all sites and dates, benthic flux was about 80,000 kg/year, well above the advective flux range of -50 to 1500 kg/year, with much of the variability depending on the tidal cycle. By contrast, the average benthic flux of soluble reactive phosphorus was about 12,000 kg/year, of significant magnitude, but less than the advective flux range of 21,500 to 30,000 kg/year. These benthic flux estimates, based on solute diffusion across the sediment-water interface, reveal a significant nutrient source to the water column of the pond which stimulates algal blooms (often autotrophic). This benthic source may be augmented

关键词： Benthic Flux Nutrients Algal Blooms Restoration

The Comparative Performance of Plug Preparation Using Different Fertilizer Sources and Concentrations

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1193-1205页

作者： George Paul Buss Paige Ann Carroll Mya Alexandria Catherine Griffith Xiusheng Yang John L. Griffis Galen Papkov sarah Bauer Kathryn Jackson Ankit Kumar Singh Department of Marine and earth Sciences The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of ecology and environmental Studies The Water School Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA Department of environmental and Civil engineering Mercer University Macon GA USA Independent Researcher Alexandria VA USA

Plugs are crucial for initiating crop production in greenhouses, soil, and controlled environment agriculture (CeA). Vegetable, fruiting, ornamental, and other horticultural crops that utilize plugs for production have demonstrated superior transplant establishment rate, plant health, and total yield. The APS Laboratory for Sustainable Food at Florida Gulf Coast University investigated the quality of plugs grown based on different concentrations and fertigation sources using synthetic and organic sources. We carried out the growth of “Rex Butterhead” Lettuce (Latuca sativa) plugs with five different fertigation treatments, 1) full-strength synthetic starter fertilizer solution;2) half-strength synthetic starter fertilizer solution;3) full-strength organic starter fertilizer solution;4) half-strength organic starter fertilizer solution, and 5) no fertilizer for control. Fertilizer treatments were formulated following manufacturer recommendations. The seeds were sown in Oasis® Horticubes and saturated every day with the different fertilizer treatments. The plugs were cultivated for 15 days in a controlled environment until two leaves after the cotyledons had developed. After 15 days, we collected data which included wet weight (g), dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and chlorophyll concentration (mg/cm2). In addition, we derived data including the Leaf Area Index (LAI, cm2/cm2) and Specific Leaf Area (SLA, cm2/g). Descriptive statistics were used to describe the biomass data. A Tukey’s HSD test was carried out to understand the differences between the fertilizer sources. We determined there was a statistically significant difference (P = 7.34e−29) in the measured plug growth parameters due to the various fertigation sources. We found that all fertilizer treatments produced viable plugs except for the control treatment. Of all the treatments, we concluded the half-strength organic treatment produced the mo

关键词： Controlled environments Fertigation Lettuce Plugs Urban Agriculture

Reducing childhood obesity through coordinated care:Development of a park prescription program

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第3期5卷 234-243页

作者： sarah e Messiah Sandy Jiang Jack Kardys eric Hansen Maria Nardi Lourdes Forster Division of Community-Based Research and Training Mailman Center for Child DevelopmentDepartment of PediatricsMiller School of MedicineUniversity of Miami Department of Public Health Sciences Miller School of MedicineUniversity of Miami Miami Dade County Department of Parks Recreation and Open Spaces Department of Pediatrics Miller School of MedicineUniversity of Miami

Major hindrances to controlling the current childhood obesity epidemic include access to prevention and/or treatment programs that are affordable,provide minimal barriers for participation,and are available to the general ***,successful childhood obesity prevention efforts will require coordinated partnerships in multiple sectors such as government,health care,school/afterschool,and the community but very few documented sustainable programs currently ***,community-based health and wellness programs with a focus on maintaining healthy weight via physical activity and healthy eating have the potential to be a powerful referral resource for pediatricians and other healthcare professionals who have young patients who are overweight/*** Miami Dade County Department of Parks,Recreation and Open Spaces in partnership with the University of Miami UHealth Systems have created a "Park Prescription Program(Parks Rx4Health^(TM))" that formally coordinates pediatricians,families,parents,caregivers,and child/adolescents to provide daily obesity-prevention *** Parks Rx4Health^(TM)program that we describe here allows UHealth pediatricians to seamlessly refer their overweight and obese patients to Fit2Play^(TM),an evidence-based,park-based afterschool health and wellness *** outcomes that include body mass index,blood pressure,fitness,and nutrition knowledge are being collected at baseline and at 3-and 6-mo after referral to document patient *** are then shared with the referring physician so they can follow up with the patient if *** successful models that integrate primary care,public health,and community-based efforts is important to accelerating progress in preventing childhood ***,community-based health and wellness programs with a focus on physical activity and nutrition education could be a powerful referral resource for pediatricians who have obese patients.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Prevention Community-based Children Adolescents Primary care

Candidate genes for male and female reproductive traits in Canchim beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 59-68页

作者： Marcos eli Buzanskas Daniela do Amaral Grossi Ricardo Vieira Ventura Flavio Schramm Schenkel Tatiane Cristina Seleguim Chud Nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza Luciana Diniz Rola sarah Laguna Conceio Meirelles Fabiana Barichello Mokry Maurício de Alvarenga Mudadu Roberto Hiroshi Higa Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa da Silva Maurício Mello de Alencar Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano Danísio Prado Munari Departamento de Zootecnia Universidade Federal da Paraíba(UFPB)AreiaParailba 58397-000Brazil Fast Genetics SaskatoonSK S7K 2K6Canada Beef Improvement Opportunities(BIO) GuelphON N1K 1ESCanada Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of GuelphCentre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock(CGIL)GuelphON N1G 2W1Canada Departamento de Ciencias exatas Faculdade de Ci6ncias Agrarias e VeterinariasUniversidade Estadual Paulista(Unesp)JaboticabalSao Paulo 14884 900Brazil Departamento de Zootecnia Nucleo de Pesquisa e Conservacao de CervMeosFaculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e VeterinariasUniversidade Estadual Paulista(Unesp)JaboticabalSao Paulo 14884 900Brazil Department of Animal Science Federal University/of Lavras(UFLA)LavrasMinas Gerais 37200 000Brazil Department of Genetics and evolution Federa University of Sao Carlos(UFSCar)Sao CarlosSao Paulo 13565-905Brazil embrapa Agricultural Informatics Campinas55o Paulo 13083 886Brazil embrapa Dairy Cattle Juiz de ForaMinas Gerais 36038 330Brazil embrapa Southeast Livestock Sao CarlosSao Paulo 13560 970Brazil

Background： Beef cattle breeding programs in Brazil have placed greater emphasis on the genomic study of reproductive traits of males and females due to their economic importance. In this study, genome-wide associations were assessed for scrotal circumference at 210 d of age, scrotal circumference at 420 d of age, age at first calving, and age at second calving, in Canchim beef cattle. Data quality control was conducted resulting in 672,778 SNPs and 392 ***： Associated SNPs were observed for scrotal circumference at 420 d of age（435 SNPs）, followed by scrotal circumference at 210 d of age（12 SNPs）, age at first calving（six SNPs）, and age at second calving（four SNPs）. We investigated whether significant SNPs were within genic or surrounding regions. Biological processes of genes were associated with immune system, multicellular organismal process, response to stimulus, apoptotic process, cellular component organization or biogenesis, biological adhesion, and ***： Few associations were observed for scrotal circumference at 210 d of age, age at first calving, and age at second calving, reinforcing their polygenic inheritance and the complexity of understanding the genetic architecture of reproductive traits. Finding many associations for scrotal circumference at 420 d of age in various regions of the Canchim genome also reveals the difficulty of targeting specific candidate genes that could act on fertility; nonetheless,the high linkage disequilibrium between loci herein estimated could aid to overcome this issue. Therefore, al relevant information about genomic regions influencing reproductive traits may contribute to target candidate genes for further investigation of causal mutations and aid in future genomic studies in Canchim cattle to improve the breeding program.

关键词： Animal breeding Composite breed Genome-wide association Genomic data Single nucleotide polymorphism

漫威多元宇宙中超级英雄的健康“年龄轨迹”预测

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第10期25卷 609-611页

作者： sarah T Fox Natasha Reid Ida Tornvall Shavini Weerasekera emily Gordon Ruth e Hubbard 刘莎莎(译) 吴莉莉(译) 周红霞(校) The University of Queensland BrisbaneAustralia 广西医科大学外国语学院

Ruth Hubbard及其同事研究了五位超级英雄的个体人格特征和健康相关行为,并预测了这个超凡人群队列在年龄渐进过程中可能会遇到的潜在问题。老年可以成为一段富有满足感、智慧和个人成长的时期1。在年龄渐进过程中保持健康,让各种机体... 详细信息

Ruth Hubbard及其同事研究了五位超级英雄的个体人格特征和健康相关行为,并预测了这个超凡人群队列在年龄渐进过程中可能会遇到的潜在问题。老年可以成为一段富有满足感、智慧和个人成长的时期1。在年龄渐进过程中保持健康,让各种机体功能得到发展并得以维持,就可以让老年人生活很幸福2。从群体来看,环境和社会经济背景决定了各项指标的年龄变化轨迹,但大型纵向研究证据也强调了个体因素的重要性。

关键词：超级英雄渐进过程机体功能个人成长社会经济背景个体人格变化轨迹纵向研究

Repeated stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex in patients in minimally conscious state:a sham-controlled randomized clinical trial

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Repeated stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex in pat...

Assessment of the evolution and Socio-economic Impacts of extreme Rainfall events in October 2019 over the east Africa

作者： Wangshan Huang Aurore Thibaut sarah Wannez Felipe Fregni Xiaohua Hu Shan Jing Geraldine Martens Minhui He Haibo Di Steven Laureys Hangzhou Normal University International Vegetative State and Consciousness Science Institute University of Liege and University Hospital of LiegeCyclotron Research Center and Neurology DepartmentComa Science Group Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital/Harvard Medical School Spaulding Neuro--modulation Center Hangzhou Wujing Hospital Department of Rehabilitation

Objective:We assessed the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) targeted to posterior parietal cortex in patients in minimally conscious state(MCS).Methods:In a randomized double-blind sham-controlled crossover study,MCS patients at least 1 month after traumatic or nontraumatic insult received one sham and one real tDCS session(2 mAduring 20 minutes once a day for five days) in a randomized order separated by five days of washout over the posterior parietal *** Recovery Scale-Revised(CRS-R) assessments were performed directly on enrollment,before the first session and after each real and sham tDCS as well as five days ***-up outcome data were acquired 1,3,6,12 months after inclusion using the ***:33 MCS patients were enrolled(mean age:57±11 years;interval 6±5 months;20 traumatic).Atreatment effect(p=0.012;effect size:0.31) was observed after real tDCS session but did not last for 5 days after the end of the session(p=0.135).We identified 9(27%)tDCS-responders(i.e.,showing new sign(s) of consciousness that was never observed before,lasting at least 5 days after the end of the stimulation).Conclusion:Five days of tDCS over the posterior parietal cortex has a small and short-lasted beneficial effect on consciousness in MCS.

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 319-338页

作者： Ladislaus Benedict Chang’a Agnes Lawrence Kijazi Kantamla Biseke Mafuru Alfred Lawrence Kondowe sarah emirald Osima Habiba Ismail Mtongori Hashim Karim Ng’ongolo Omari Hamisi Juma edward Michael Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania

This study aimed at establishing and quantifying the evolution and socio-economic impacts of extreme rainfall events in October 2019. The study also focused on ascertaining the extent to which the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and the el Ni?o Southern Oscillation (eNSO) influenced anomalous rainfall over east Africa (eA) in October 2019. It employed Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) methods to analyze inter-annual variability of eA rainfall and the Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (SSTA) over the Indian and Pacific Ocean with a focus on October to December 2019 rainfall season. The SVD analysis enabled the exploration of the leading modes from the mean monthly rainfall and SSTs leading to the determination of the likely influence of the IOD and eNSO respectively. The first SVD coupled modes, which dominate the co-variability between the October rainfall over the eA domain, and SSTA over the Indian and Pacific Oceans based on 1981 to 2010 climatology indicate the monopole positive co-variability with rainfall over the entire eA domain. The corresponding spatial pattern for the SSTA over the Indian Ocean (IO) recaptures the positive IOD event while the central equatorial Pacific Ocean (i.e., over Ni?o 3.4 region) reveals a monopole positive loading, a typical signal for the warm phase of eNSO. The positive rainfall anomaly over the eA during October is found to be associated with either the IOD event or eNSO condition events independently or in phase. However, the inter-annual variability between October rainfall over eA and eNSO reveals a moderate relationship (r = 0.4212) while a robust association (r = 0.7084) is revealed with IOD. Comparatively, the October 2019 rainfall anomaly peaks the highest in history over the eA and was found to be coupled with highest positive IOD event in record. Unlikely, the 1997 October rainfall (which peaked the second in history), was associated with the

关键词： Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) eNSO Sea Surface Temperature extreme events OND

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绿色合成氨

环球科学 2022年第1期 32-33页

作者：哈维尔·加西亚·马丁内斯萨拉·e.福西特林清(译) 不详

哈伯-博施法(Haber-Bosch)是20世纪最重要的发现之一,这项发现使氨的工业生产成为了可能。工业合成的氨能用来生产肥料,而且这些肥料贡献了全球50%的粮食产量,因此合成氨技术是保障全球粮食安全的关键。然而,氨的合成是能源密集型化学过... 详细信息

哈伯-博施法(Haber-Bosch)是20世纪最重要的发现之一,这项发现使氨的工业生产成为了可能。工业合成的氨能用来生产肥料,而且这些肥料贡献了全球50%的粮食产量,因此合成氨技术是保障全球粮食安全的关键。然而,氨的合成是能源密集型化学过程,它还需要一种催化剂来使氮气和氢气发生反应。

关键词：工业合成合成氨技术工业生产粮食产量催化剂能源密集型

Predictive factors at birth of the severity of gastroschisis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2015年第4期6卷 228-234页

作者： Anthony S de Buys Roessingh Amélie Damphousse Pierluigi Ballabeni Josée Dubois sarah Bouchard Department of Pediatric Surgery University HospitalHopital Sainte-Justine Department of Biostatistic Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Department of Radiology University Hospital Hopital Sainte-Justine

AIM: To establish children born with gastroschisis(GS).MeTHODS: We performed a retrospective study covering the period from January 2000 to December 2007. The following variables were analyzed for each child: Weight, sex, apgar, perforations, atresia, volvulus, bowel lenght, subjective description of perivisceritis, duration of parenteral nutrition, first nasogastric milk feeding, total milk feeding, necrotizing enterocolitis, average period of hospitalization and mortality. For statistical analysis, descriptive data are reported as mean ± standard deviation and median(range). The non parametric test of Mann-Whitney was used. The threshold for statistical significance was P ed).ReSULTS: Sixty-eight cases of GS were studied. We found nine cases of perforations, eight of volvulus, 12 of atresia and 49 children with subjective description of perivisceritis(72%). The mortality rate was 12%(eight deaths). Average duration of total parenteral nutrition was 56.7 d(8-950; median: 22), with five cases of necrotizing enterocolitis. Average length of hospitalization for 60 of our patients was 54.7 d(2-370;median: 25.5). The presence of intestinal atresia was the only factor correlated with prolonged parenteral nutrition, delayed total oral milk feeding and longer ***: In our study, intestinal atresia was our predictive factor of the severity of GS.

关键词： Gastroschisis Perivisceritis Bowel atresia Volvulu