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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1655-1657页

作者： sarah Buchholz hans Zempel Institute of human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of CologneCologneGermany

Introduction:TAU isoforms as disease mediators:The microtubule-associated protein TAU is predominantly present in the axons of neurons under physiological *** Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and related tauopathies,TAU also mislocalizes("TAU missorting")to the soma and the dendrites,where it eventually forms aggregates,the so-called neurofibrillary tangles(for review see Zimmer-Bensch and Zempel,2021;Zempel,2023).

关键词： Alzheimer Zimmer tau

Air traffic monitoring using optimized ADS-B CubeSat constellation

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 189-208页

作者： Ghulam Jaffer Rameez AMalik elias Aboutanios Nazish Rubab Ronnie Nader hans U.eichelberger Guy A.e.Vandenbosch Interdisciplinary Centre for Security Reliability and Trust(SnT)University of LuxembourgLuxembourg1855Luxembourg

The primary technique used for air traffic surveillance is ***,nowadays,its role in surveillance is gradually being replaced by the recently adopted Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast(ADS-B).ADS-B offers a higher accuracy,lower power consumption,and longer range than radar,thus providing more safety to *** coverage of terrestrial radar and ADS-B is confined to continental parts of the globe,leaving oceans and poles uncovered by real-time surveillance *** study presents an optimized Low-earth Orbit(LeO)-based ADS-B constellation for global air traffic surveillance over intercontinental trans-oceanic flight *** optimization algorithm is based on performance evaluation parameters,i.e.,coverage time,satellite availability,and orbit stability(precession and perigee rotation),and communication *** results indicate that the constellation provides ample coverage in the simulated global oceanic *** constellation is a feasible and cost-effective solution for global air supervision,which can supplement terrestrial ADS-B and radar systems.

关键词： constellation automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) air traffic surveillance precession perigee rotation.

pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber,protein,and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad B.Paulk hans h.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Background Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable *** may also reduce particle size of grain,but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and *** objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in combination,increase N balance,apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)of fiber and fat,and net energy(Ne)in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soybean meal-based diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad libitum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chambers(i.e.,4 pigs/chamber)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and Ch_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(Ge),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(Aee),and the concentration of Ne were greater(Ppelleted diets than in meal *** of diet form,the ATTD of Ge,N,and Aee,and the concentration of Ne were increased(linear;Peducing the particle size of corn,but the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Ph pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestibility and Ne,but increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestibility Feed technology Net energy Particle size pelleting

Comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:Cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： sarah Khan hanna hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine e Koval Aanchal Kapoor Christina C Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Critical Care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as *** data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver *** To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial *** From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial *** compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial *** was extracted through chart *** All fungal infections were due to Candida species,and were most frequently blood *** among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,Phe majority of the fungal cohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,Pe to acute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic health evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for end-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical *** Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe ACLF *** studies examinin

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik L.Andersson sarah e.hale.hans pe.e. h.arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway environmental and Food Laboratory of Vendee(LeA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（Weee）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDe-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,Weee and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDe-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment Weee and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDe-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 Weee/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDe-10： 15–3500 ng/L in Weee/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/L in landfill sites）. Landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as Weee/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. Weee and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management environmental emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning Leachate

Why ecosystem characteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects applications

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela henrik J.persson Magnus ekstrom Sean P.healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan holmgren eva Lindberg Kenneth Nystrom emanuele Papucci Patrik Ulvdal hans OleØrka erik Næsset Zhengyang hou håkan Olsson Ronald e.McRoberts Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem characteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as the best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction should be understood before extensively relying on this type of *** such feature is that model-based predictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has important implications in several areas of *** this discussion paper,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm that underpins most prediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we show that for specific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the expected value of a predictor and the expected value of the quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the expected value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications where this is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application that use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： hui Zhu James D.Guest sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe e.Springer Wutian Wu Wise Young Wai Sang Poon Song Liu hongkun Gao Tao Yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang Yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-hongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

Bound State Description of Particles from a Quantum Field Theory of Fermions and Bosons, Compatible with Relativity

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Journal of high energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 562-573页

作者： hans-pe.e. Morsch hOFF J&uumllich Germany

Both, the dilemma to find a quantum field theory consistent with einstein’s law of relativity and the problem to describe existing particles as bound states of matter has been solved by calculating bound state matrix elements from a dual fermion-boson Lagrangian. In this formalism, the fermion binding energies are compensated by boson energies, indicating that particles can be generated out of the vacuum. This yields quantitative solutions for various mesons ω (0.78 GeV) - Υ (9.46 GeV) and all leptons e, μ and τ, with uncertainties in the extracted properties of less than 1‰. For transparency, a Web-page with the address htpps://*** has been constructed, where all calculations can be run on line and also the underlying fortran source code can be inspected.

关键词： Quantum Field Theory of Fermion and Boson Fields hadrons and Leptons Described as Bound States of Relativistic Fermions and Bosons Leading to a Total energy equal to Zero

Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： hans-Georg eNKLeR Wolfgang KUNeRT Stefan PFeFFeR Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOhANNINK Christoph ReICh Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype.e.ables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

Competitive effect, but not competitive response, varies along a climatic gradient depending on tree species identity

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Forest ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll David I.Forrester hans Pretzsch Miren del Río Kamil Bielak Bogdan Brzeziecki Franz Binder Torben hilmers Zuzana Sitková Roberto Tognetti Aitor Ameztegui Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and engineering(DCeFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTeCNIO-CeRCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swiss Federal Institute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSIRO Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain IuFOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Silviculture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavarian State Institute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany National Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Agricultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Background: Understanding the role of species identity in interactions among individuals is crucial for assessing the productivity and stability of mixed forests over time. however, there is limited knowledge concerning the variation in competitive effect and response of different species along climatic gradients. In this study, we investigated the importance of climate, tree size, and competition on the growth of three tree species: spruce(Picea abies), fir(Abies alba), and beech(Fagus sylvatica), and examined their competitive response and effect along a climatic ***: We selected 39 plots distributed across the european mountains with records of the position and growth of 5,759 individuals. For each target species, models relating tree growth to tree size, climate and competition were proposed. Competition was modelled using a neighbourhood competition index that considered the effects of inter-and intraspecific competition on target trees. Competitive responses and effects were related to *** methods and information theory were used to select the best ***: Our findings revealed that competition had a greater impact on target species growth than tree size or climate. Climate did influence the competitive effects of neighbouring species, but it did not affect the target species? response to competition. The strength of competitive effects varied along the gradient, contingent on the identity of the interacting species. When the target species exhibited an intermediate competitive effect relative to neighbouring species, both higher inter-than intraspecific competitive effects and competition reduction occurred along the gradient. Notably, species competitive effects were most pronounced when the target species' growth was at its peak and weakest when growing conditions were far from their ***: Climate modulates the effects of competition from neighbouring trees on the target tree and not the susceptibility of th

关键词： Competition coefficient Competition reduction Interspecific competition Intraspecific competition Mixing effects Mixed species forest Neighbourhood models Plant-plant interactions