检索结果-南通市图书馆

Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： sarah A Reed Joseline S Raja Maria l Hoffman Steven A Zinn Kristen E Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National Research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （RES） or over-fed （OVER） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. Results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in RES （58%） and OVER （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVER （212.4%） and RES （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVER and decreased 23.6% in RES compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mRNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVER （P = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mRNA abundance increased in OVER （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in RES （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in RES at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep

Fine-tuning the response of growth cones to guidance cues: a perspective on the role of microRNAs

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第10期14卷 1719-1720页

作者： sarah E.Walker Gaynor E.Spencer Robert l.Carlone Department of Biological Sciences Brock University

In the development and regeneration of the nervous system, neurons face the complex task of establishing and/or repairing neuronal connections and contacts. The formation of these neuronal circuits is largely coordinated by tightly regulated temporal and spatial changes in mRNA translation, which enables incredibly precise control over protein expression and localization (Jung and Holt, 2011). local mRNA translation in specific cellular compartments appears to play a role in many processes that are important to nervous system development and regeneration, including: cell survival, migration, growth cone guidance, and synaptogenesis (Jung and Holt, 2011).

关键词： In the development nervous system synaptogenesis

Multiparametric analysis of colorectal cancer immune responses

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第27期24卷 2995-3005页

作者： Julia KH leman sarah K Sandford Janet l Rhodes Roslyn A Kemp Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Otago

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, with a diverse and plastic immune cell infiltrate. These immune cells play an important role in regulating tumour growth-progression or elimination. Some populations of cells have a strong correlation with disease-free survival, making them useful prognostic markers. In particular, the infiltrate of CD3^+ and CD8^+ T cells into CRC tumours has been validated worldwide as a valuable indicator of patient prognosis. However, the heterogeneity of the immune response, both between patients with tumours of different molecular subtypes, and within the tumour itself, necessitates the use of multiparametric analysis in the investigation of tumour-specific immune responses. This review will outline the multiparametric analysis techniques that have been developed and applied to studying the role of immune cells in the tumour, with a focus on colorectal cancer. Because much of the data in this disease relates to T cell subsets and heterogeneity, we have used T cell populations as examples throughout. Flow and mass cytometry give a detailed representation of the cells within the tumour in a single-cell suspension on a per-cell basis. Imaging technologies, such as imaging mass cytometry, are used to investigate increasing numbers of markers whilst retaining the spatial and structural information of the tumour section and the infiltrating immune cells. Together, the analyses of multiple immune parameters can provide valuable information to guide clinical decision-making in CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Flow cytometry Immune cells Multiparametric analysis Immunohistochemistry Mass cytometry Microscopy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

How plants grow up

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 257-277页

作者： sarah M McKim Division of Plant Sciences University of Dundee at The James Hutton Institute

A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves,branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis,making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant *** all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical *** the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes,boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.

关键词： plants grow up^FA lateral structures

Prenatal multiple micronutrient-fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation and newborn telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content: a randomized controlled efficacy trial in rural Burkina Faso

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Giles T.Hanley-Cook Yuri Bastos-Moreira Dries S.Martens Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg laeticia Celine Toe Brenda de Kok lionel Ouédraogo Alemayehu Argaw Kokeb Tesfamariam Patrick Kolsteren lieven Huybregts Tim S.Nawrot sarah De Saeger Marthe De Boevre Carl lachat Department of Food Technology， Safety and Health， Faculty of Bioscience Engineering， Ghent University Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health， MYTOXSOUTH~(?) Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Centre for Environmental Sciences， Hasselt University Unité Nutrition et Maladies Métaboliques， Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Centre Muraz Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health， MYTOXSOUTH? Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Nutrition， Diets， and Health Unit， Department of Food and Nutrition Policy， International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Department of Public Health & Primary Care， University of leuven Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology， Faculty of Science， University of Johannesburg， Doornfontein Campus

Background: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes. The effect on markers of health and disease， such as offspring telomere length (Tl) and mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) is unknown. Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of maternal multiple micronutrient (MMN)-fortified balanced-energy protein (BEP) and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on newborn Tl as a secondary outcome and mtDNAc as a non-declared outcome. Design: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural Burkina Faso， among pregnant females (15-40 years old) enrolled at ly (control) throughout pregnancy. Whole arterial blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord of 104 control and 90 intervention group infants， respectively. Average relative Tl and mtDNAc were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. linear regression models were fitted to assess Tl and mtDNAc differences across trial arms. Results: We found that a combined daily MMN-fortified BEP supplement and IFA tablet did not affect newborn Tl [β = -0.010 (95% CI: -0.057， 0.036); P = 0.662] or mtDNAc [β = 0.065 (95% CI: -0.203， 0.073); P = 0.354]， as compared to an IFA tablet alone. These findings were confirmed (P > 0.05) by adjusting the regression models for potential prognostic factors of study outcomes at enrollment. Exploratory analyses indicated higher， but non-significantly different mtDNAc among children born either small-for-gestational age， low birthweight， or preterm. Conclusions: Newborns from mothers who received daily nutritional supplements across gestation did not have different relative Tl or mtDNAc.

关键词：

Gene expression changes in dorsal root ganglia following peripheral nerve injury: roles in inflammation,cell death and nociception

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 939-947页

作者： sarah l.Martin Adam J.Reid Alexei Verkhratsky Valerio Magnaghi Alessandro Faroni Blond McIndoe laboratories School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Manchester University Hospital of South Manchester Department of Plastic and BurnsManchester Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthUniversity of Manchester Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences Università degli Studi di Milano

Subsequent to a peripheral nerve injury, there are changes in gene expression within the dorsal root ganglia in response to the damage. This review selects factors which are well-known to be vital for inflammation, cell death and nociception, and highlights how alterations in their gene expression within the dorsal root ganglia can affect functional recovery. The majority of studies used polymerase chain reaction within animal models to analyse the dynamic changes following peripheral nerve injuries. This review aims to highlight the factors at the gene expression level that impede functional recovery and are hence are potential targets for therapeutic approaches. Where possible the experimental model, specific time-points and cellular location of expression levels are reported.

关键词： Gene expression polymerase chain reaction dorsal root ganglia inflammation nociception cell death peripheral nerve injury Schwann cells satellite glial cells nerve regeneration

The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik l.Andersson sarah E.Hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway Environmental and Food laboratory of Vendee(lEA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（WEEE）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDE-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,WEEE and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDE-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDE-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 WEEE/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDE-10： 15–3500 ng/l in WEEE/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/l in landfill sites）. landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as WEEE/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. WEEE and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management Environmental emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning leachate

Yersinia pestis: examining wildlife plague surveillance in China and the USA

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2012年第1期7卷 99-109页

作者： sarah N.BEVINS John A.BAROCH Dale l.NOlTE Min ZHANG Hongxuan HE US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Disease ProgramFort CollinsColoradoUSA Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of ZoologyBeijingChina

Plague is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis lehmann and Neumann,*** it is essentially a disease of rodents,plague can also be transmitted to ***,plague has caused mas-sive morbidity and mortality events in human populations,and has recently been classified as a reemerging dis-ease in many parts of the *** public health threat has led many countries to set up wild and domestic an-imal surveillance programs in an attempt to monitor plague activity that could potentially spill over into human *** China and the USA have plague surveillance programs in place,but the disease dynamics dif-fer in each *** present data on plague seroprevalence in wildlife and review different approaches for plague surveillance in the 2 *** need to better comprehend plague dynamics,combined with the fact that there are still several thousand human plague cases per year,make well-designed wildlife surveillance pro-grams a critical part of both understanding plague risks to humans and preventing disease outbreaks in the future.

关键词： plague sentinel species surveillance Yersinia pestis

Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on fracture healing in children:A systematic review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 494-502页

作者： sarah Stroud Toshali Katyal Alex l Gornitzky Ishaan Swarup Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan Francisco Benioff Children’s HospitalCA 94143United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital OaklandOaklandCA 94609United States

BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)are among the most commonly prescribed medications in the United *** they are safe and effective means of analgesia for children with broken bones,there is considerable variation in their clinical use due to persistent concerns about their potentially adverse effect on fracture *** To assess whether NSAID exposure is a risk factor for fracture nonunion in *** We systematically reviewed the literature reporting the effect of NSAIDs on bone *** included all clinical studies that reported on adverse bone healing complications in children with respect to NSAID *** outcomes of interest were delayed union or *** quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for non-randomized studies.A final table was constructed summarizing the available *** A total of 120 articles were identified and screened,of which 6 articles were included for final *** in children is extremely rare;among the studies included,there were 2011 nonunions among 238822 fractures(0.84%).None of the included studies documented an increased risk of nonunion or delayed bone healing in those children who are treated with NSAIDs in the immediate post-injury or peri-operative time ***,children are likely to take these medications for only a few days after injury or surgery,further decreasing their risk of adverse *** This systematic review suggests that NSAIDS can be safely prescribed to pediatric orthopaedic patients absent other contraindications without concern for increased risk of fracture non-union or delayed bone *** prospective studies are needed focusing on higher risk fractures and elective orthopaedic procedures such as osteotomies and spinal fusion.

关键词： Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nonunion Complication Pediatric fractures Pain management Bone healing