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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： Daphne Michels sarah h.e.verkempinck Agnese Panozzo Karen Vermeulen Marc e.hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed ***,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation ***,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid *** effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mM,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial *** values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,*** findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase *** rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt ***,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher *** conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken emulsion

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Linear endoscopic ultrasound:Current uses and future perspectives in mediastinal examination

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3803-3809页

作者： eyad Gadour sarah Al Ghamdi Bogdan Miutescu hossam e Shaaban Zeinab hassan Aymen Almuhaidb hussein h Okasha Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology King Abdulaziz National Guard HospitalAhsa 36428Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Zamzam University CollegeSchool of MedicineKhartoum 11113Sudan Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 3646Saudi Arabia Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology NhtmriCairo 11796Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Stockport Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustManchester SK27JEUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadh 11211Saudi Arabia Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKasr Al-Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

This editorial elaborates on the current and future applications of linear endoscopic ultrasound(eUS),a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic modality for various anatomical *** scope of endosonographic assessment is broad and,among other factors,allows for the evaluation of the mediastinal anatomy and related pathologies,such as mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the staging of central malignant lung ***,eUS assessment has proven more accurate in detecting small lesions missed by standard imaging examinations,such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance *** focus on its current uses in the mediastinum,including lung and esophageal cancer staging,as well as evaluating mediastinal lymphadenopathy and submucosal *** editorial also explores future perspectives of eUS in mediastinal examination,including ultrasound-guided therapies,artificial intelligence integration,advancements in mediastinal modalities,and improved diagnostic approaches for various mediastinal lesions.

关键词： Linear endoscopic ultrasound Mediastinal examination Lung cancer Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

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Steroidal scaffold decorations in Solanum alkaloid biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1236-1254页

作者： Rosalind Lucier Mohamed O.Kamileen Yoko Nakamura Sofiia Serediuk Ranjit Barbole Jens Wurlitzer Maritta Kunert sarah heinicke sarah e.O'Connor Prashant D.Sonawane Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Research Group Biosynthesis and NMR Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology07745 JenaGermany Biochemical Sciences Division CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune 411008MaharashtraIndia

Steroidal glycoalkaloids(SGAs)are specialized metabolites produced by hundreds of Solanum species,including important vegetable crops such as tomato,potato,and *** it has been known that SGAs play important roles in defense in plants and“anti-nutritional"effects(e.g.,toxicity and bitterness)to humans,many of these molecules have documented anti-cancer,anti-microbial,antiinflammatory,anti-viral,and anti-pyretic *** these,α-solasonine andα-solamargine isolated from black nightshade(Solanum nigrum)are reported to have potent anti-tumor,anti-proliferative,and anti-inflammatory ***,α-solasonine andα-solamargine,along with the core steroidal aglycone solasodine,are the most widespread SGAs produced among the Solanum ***,it is still unknown how plants synthesize these bioactive steroidal *** comparative metabolomictranscriptome-guided approach,biosynthetic logic,combinatorial expression in Nicotiana benthamiana,and functional recombinant enzyme assays,here we report the discovery of 12 enzymes from *** that converts the starting cholesterol precursorto solasodine aglycone,and the downstreamα-solasonine,α-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGA *** further identified six enzymes from cultivated eggplant that catalyze the production ofα-solasonine,α-solamargine,and malonyl-solamargine SGAs from solasodine aglycone via glycosylation and atypical malonylation *** work provides the gene tool box and platform for engineering the production of high-value,steroidal bioactive molecules inheterologoushosts usingsyntheticbiology.

关键词： steroidal glycoalkaloids Solanum biosynthetic pathway α-solamargine malonyl-solamargine specialized metabolites

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The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan V A harutynyan e M Kazaryan h A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is *** charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into ***,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of *** calculate the canonical partition function using the energy levels of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron *** thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states

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Music as medicine for traumatic brain injury:a perspective on future research directions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2105-2106页

作者： Anthony e.Kline eleni h.Moschonas Corina O.Bondi Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Safar Center for Resuscitation Research University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for Neuroscience University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Department of Neurobiology University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) impacts 69 million individuals globally each year and is a leading cause of death and disability(Dewan et al.,2019).The majority of moderate-to-severe TBI survivors endure long-lasting disturbances in motor,cognitive,and affect that negatively impacts their *** a plethora of research on pharmacological interventions for TBI has been conducted,none has translated to the clinic,thus advocating for the evaluation of nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches that may increase translational success.

关键词： injury traumatic

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eco-toxicity and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of Burullus Lake in egypt

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China Geology 2024年第3期7卷 460-468页

作者： hanan e Osman Mohamed h e el-Morsy hazem T Abd el-hamid Department of Biology Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMecca 24382Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah 24372Saudi Arabia National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries(NIOF) Cairo 11865Egypt Botany and Microbiology Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAhs)are ubiquitous environmental contaminants of growing concern due to their potential ecological and human health *** study presents a comprehensive assessment of PAhs contamination in the surface sediments of Burullus Lake,a vital and second largest delta lake in *** aim was to evaluate the eco-toxicity and potential health risks associated with the presence of these *** seven sediment samples were collected from various drains in the southern part of Burullus *** extraction method was employed to extract PAhs(16PAhs)from the sediment ***,target compounds were located using *** results showed that samples contained PAhs levels ranging from 0.038×10^(-6)to 0.459×10^(-6),which is considered heavily polluted by the european standard for PAhs ***,there was no apparent source of PAhs in the elKhashah drain or the Brinbal Canal,as hPLC found none of the *** most prevalent compound in sediment samples along the study area was *** diagnostic indices in the present study indicated that the hydrocarbons in the region originated from pyrolytic and man-made sources along the drains of Burullus *** principal component analysis(PCA)and diagnostic ratios revealed that coal combustion and pyrolytic sources were responsible for the PAhs contamination in the surface *** non-carcinogenic risk(hI),which is the product of the hQs for the adult and child populations,respectively,was *** values under 1,therefore,demonstrated that they had no carcinogenic effects on human *** and MeQs in the sediments of Burullus Lake do not have a cancer-causing impact on *** the safety of nearby wildlife,aquatic life,and people,all activities that raise petroleum hydrocarbon levels in Burullus Lake must be adequately regulated and *** to the ecological risk assessment,there is little chance that PAhs will be found

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Diagnostic indices Toxicity Delta lake sediment Burullus Lake human health risk Aquatic ecosystem hPLC Coal combustion

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Comparison of fungal vs bacterial infections in the medical intensive liver unit:Cause or corollary for high mortality?

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World Journal of hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 379-392页

作者： sarah Khan hanna hong Stephanie Bass Yifan Wang Xiao-Feng Wang Omar T Sims Christine e Koval Aanchal Kapoor Christina C Lindenmeyer Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Pharmacy Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Quantitative health Sciences/Biostatistics Section Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Infectious Disease Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Critical Care Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

BACKGROUND Due to development of an immune-dysregulated phenotype,advanced liver disease in all forms predisposes patients to sepsis acquisition,including by opportunistic pathogens such as *** data exists on fungal infection within a medical intensive liver unit(MILU),particularly in relation to acute on chronic liver *** To investigate the impact of fungal infections among critically ill patients with advanced liver disease,and compare outcomes to those of patients with bacterial *** From our prospective registry of MILU patients from 2018-2022,we included 27 patients with culture-positive fungal infections and 183 with bacterial *** compared outcomes between patients admitted to the MILU with fungal infections to bacterial *** was extracted through chart *** All fungal infections were due to Candida species,and were most frequently blood *** among patients with fungal infections was significantly worse relative to the bacterial cohort(93%vs 52%,Phe majority of the fungal cohort developed grade 2 or 3 acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF)(90%vs 64%,P=0.02).Patients in the fungal cohort had increased use of vasopressors(96%vs 70%,P=0.04),mechanical ventilation(96%vs 65%,Pe to acute kidney injury(78%vs 52%,P=0.014).On MILU admission,the fungal cohort had significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic health evaluation(108 vs 91,P=0.003),Acute Physiology Score(86 vs 65,P=0.003),and Model for end-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium scores(86 vs 65,P=0.041).There was no significant difference in the rate of central line use preceding culture(52%vs 40%,P=0.2).Patients with fungal infection had higher rate of transplant hold placement,and lower rates of transplant;however,differences did not achieve statistical *** Mortality was worse among patients with fungal infections,likely attributable to severe ACLF *** studies examinin

关键词： Fungal Infection Sepsis Acute on chronic liver failure Intensive care

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Ultrafast magneto-optical dynamics in nickel(111)single crystal studied by the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 65-69页

作者：匡皓余军潇陈洁 h.e.elsayed-Ali 李润泽 Peter M.Rentzepis School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Center for Ultrafast Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (Ministry of Education)Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA)School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of electrical and Computer engineering Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA

With the integration of ultrafast reflectivity and polarimetry probes,we observed carrier relaxation and spin dynamics induced by ultrafast laser excitation of Ni(111)single *** carrier relaxation time within the linear excitation range reveals that electron-phonon coupling and dissipation of photon energy into the bulk of the crystal take tens of *** the other hand,the observed spin dynamics indicate a longer time of about 120 *** further understand how the lattice degree of freedom is coupled with these dynamics may require the integration of an ultrafast diffraction probe.

关键词： ultrafast spin dynamics non-equilibrium dynamics multi-probe

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Finding biomarkers of experience in animals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 925-944页

作者： sarah Babington Alan J.Tilbrook Shane K.Maloney Jill N.Fernandes Tamsyn M.Crowley Luoyang Ding Archa h.Fox Song Zhang elise A.Kho Daniel Cozzolino Timothy J.Mahony Dominique Blache School of Agriculture and environment The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Animal Science The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA 6009Australia School of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3217Australia Poultry hub Australia University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2350Australia College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences The Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

At a time when there is a growing public interest in animal welfare,it is critical to have objective means to assess the way that an animal experiences a *** is critical to ensure appropriate animal welfare *** behavioural,physiological,and neurobiological indicators that are used to assess animal welfare can verify the absence of extremely negative *** welfare is more than an absence of negative outcomes and an appropriate indicator should reflect the full spectrum of experience of an animal,from negative to *** this review,we draw from the knowledge of human biomedical science to propose a list of candidate biological markers(biomarkers)that should reflect the experiential state of non-human *** proposed biomarkers can be classified on their main function as endocrine,oxidative stress,non-coding molecular,and thermobiological *** also discuss practical challenges that must be addressed before any of these biomarkers can become useful to assess the experience of an animal in real-life.

关键词： Animal experience Animal welfare Biomarker Stress Welfare assessment

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Satellite-enabled enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael T.Resende Lee hickey Cibele h.Amaral Lucas L.Peixoto Gustavo e.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil TheCROP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia earth Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA environmental Data Science Innovation&Inclusion Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Joa˜o del-Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

enviromics refers to the characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on large-scale environmental *** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapolation at a site-specific level,enviromics could inform plant breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental factors),and remote sensing could help unravel the complex interplay of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal,exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental profiles would significantly improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management platforms aggregate diverse environmental datasets obtained using optical,thermal,radar,and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors that capture detailed information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** wealth of information,coupled with freely available climate data,fuels innovative enviromics *** enviromics holds immense potential for breeding,a few obstacles remain,such as the need for(1)integrative methodologies to systematically collect field data to scale and expand observations across the landscape with satellite data;(2)state-of-the-art AI models for data integration,simulation,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scales and providing seamless interfaces to deliver forecasts to stakeholders;and(4)collaboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiologists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** these challenges is essential for leveraging the full potential of big data captured by satellites to transform 21st century agriculture and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive models enviromic information

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