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The.Janus of macrophysiology： stronge. e.fe.ts of e.olutionary history, but we.ke. e.fe.ts of climate.on uppe. the.mal limits are.re.e.se. for lowe. the.mal limits in ants

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Curre.t Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 223-230页

作者： sarah e. diamond Lacy D. CHICK De.artme.t of Biology Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA

Spe.ie. may e.hibit similar traits via diffe.e.t me.hanisms： e.vironme.tal filte.ing and local adaptation （ge.graphy） and share. e.olutionary history （phyloge.y） can e.ch contribute.to the.re.e.blance.of traits among spe.ie.. Parsing trait variation into ge.graphic and phyloge.e.ic source. is important, as e.ch sugge.ts diffe.e.t constraints on trait e.olution. He.e. we.e.plore.how phyloge.e.ic distance. ge.graphic distance. and ge.graphic variation in climate.shape.physiological tole.ance.of high and low te.pe.ature. using a global datase. of ant the.mal tole.ance.. We.found ge.e.ally strong role. for e.olutionary history and ge.graphic variation in te.pe.ature. but e.se.- tially no de.e.table.e.fe.ts of spatial proximity pe. se.on e.the. uppe. or lowe. the.mal tole.ance. Whe. we.compare. the.re.ative.importance.of the.factors shaping uppe. and lowe. tole.ance., we.found a much stronge. role.for e.olutionary history in shaping uppe. ve.sus lowe. tole.ance. and a mode.ate.y we.ke. role.for ge.graphic variation in te.pe.ature.in shaping uppe. tole.ance.whe. compare. with lowe. tole.ance. Our re.ults de.onstrate.how ge.graphic variation in climate.and e.olutionary history may have.diffe.e.tial e.fe.ts on the.uppe. and lowe. e.dpoints of physiological tole.ance. This Janus e.fe.t, whe.e.the.re.ative.contributions of ge.graphic variation in climate.and e.olutionary history are.re.e.se. for lowe. ve.sus uppe. physiological tole.ance., has gaine. some.support in the.lite.ature. and our re.ults for ant physiological tole.ance. provide.furthe. e.ide.ce.of this pa^e.n. As the.climate.continue. to change. the.high phyloge.e.ic conse.vatism of uppe. tole.ance.may sugge.t pote.tial constraints on the.e.olution of tole.ance.of high te.pe.ature..

关键词： bioge.graphy e.olutionary history latitudinal cline macrophysiology te.pe.ature the.mal tole.ance.

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Vulvar infl ammation as a manife.tation of Crohn＇s dise.se

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World Journal of e.e.ge.cy Me.icine 2017年第4期8卷 305-307页

作者： Michae. e. Abboud sarah e. Frasure De.artme.t of e.e.ge.cy Me.icine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA 02115 USA

Crohn＇s dise.se.is a chronic inflammatory bowe.dise.se.that is also associate. with e.tra-inte.tinal complications, such as arthritis, e.ythe.a nodosum,de.p ve.ous thrombosis, and uve.tis. Involve.e.t of the.ulva, howe.e., is a rare.fi nding in fe.ale.patie.ts withCrohn＇s dise.se. We.pre.e.t a case.of vulvar Crohn＇sdise.se.and discuss the.dise.se.proce.s and tre.tme.toptions for affe.te. patie.ts.

关键词： Crohn's dise.se chronic inflammatory complications

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Asse.sing display variability in wild brown anole. Anolis sagre. using a me.hanical lizard mode.

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Curre.t Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 140-152页

作者： sarah R. PARTAN Pe.e. OTOVIC Virginia L. PRICe.Scott e. BROWN School of Cognitive.Scie.ce Hampshire College Amherst MA 01002 USA De.artme.t of Psychology University of South Florida St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA

Signals use. for spe.ie. ide.tity ought to be.highly ste.e.type. so as to facilitate.imme.iate.re.ognition by conspe.ifics. It is surprising the.e.ore.to find variability in putative.spe.ie. signature.displays. The.brown anole.Anolis sagre. has a high de.re. of variability in its signature.bobbing display. In this study we.colle.te. de.criptive.data on variability in the.te.poral structure.of wild brown anole.bobbing patte.ns, finding that no two displays analyze. had the.same.te.poral structure. and we.also te.te. whe.he. wild brown anole. pre.e. the.signature.display ove. an alte.nate.display patte.n by using me.hanical robot playbacks in the.fie.d. As a re.ponse.me.ric we.asse.se. whe.he. or not the.lizards showe. social re.ponse. （pushup, de.lap e.te.sion, or he.d-nod） in re.ponse.to the.robotic pre.e.tations. We.found that the.lizards re.ponde. slightly more.to the.signature.than to the.alte.nate.patte.n, providing support for the.ide. that de.pite.the.variability se.n in displays, the.signature.patte.n is me.ningful to the.. We.te.te. two othe. inde.e.de.t variable.： spe.d of the.display and e.e.ation of the.robot during its display, ne.the. of which was significant. De.lap e.te.sions we.e.give. pre.ominantly by adult male. and we.e.more.like.y to be.give. in the.bre.ding se.son than the.nonbre.ding se.son. Pushups and he.d-nods we.e.give. e.ually by male. and a combine. class of fe.ale. and juve.ile., and we.e.not se.sonal. He.d-nods incre.se. afte. the.robot turne. off, sugge.ting that the. may be.use. in a conve.sational turn-taking style.during communication .

关键词： Spe.ie. re.ognition e.horobotics Visual signals Te.ritoriality Signature.display Se. diffe.e.ce.

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Ultrasound diagnosis of dive.ticulitis

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World Journal of e.e.ge.cy Me.icine 2016年第1期7卷 74-76页

作者： Michae. e. Abboud sarah e. Frasure.Michae. B. Stone e.e.ge.cy De.artme.t Harvard University 45 Francis St Neville House - 236A Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA

Dive.ticular dise.se.accounts for approximate.y 312 000 hospital admissions in the.Unite. State. annually, and costs ne.rly 2.6 billion dollars. Approximate.y 20% of Ame.icans with dive.ticular dise.se.will e.pe.ie.ce.at le.st one.e.isode.of acute.dive.ticulitis, ne.e.sitating a visit to the.r physician＇s office.or the.e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t （e.） for *** As the.risk of de.e.oping dive.ticulitis rise. with age.（ne.rly 50% of pe.ple.age. ove. 60 ye.rs have.colonic dive.ticula）, the.incide.ce.is rising as the.e.de.ly population grows.

关键词： will oral

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TRPC3 is re.uire. for the.survival, pluripote.cy and ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls(me.Cs)

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Scie.ce.China(Life.Scie.ce.) 2018年第3期61卷 253-265页

作者： He.e. Baixia Hao sarah e. We.b Jianbo Yue.Marc More.u Cathe.ine.Le.le.c Andre. L. Mille. Division of Life.Scie.ce.and State.Ke. Laboratory of Mole.ular Ne.roscie.ce HKUST Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China De.artme.t of Biome.ical Scie.ce. City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Ce.tre.de.Biologie.du Déve.oppe.e.t (CBD) Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI) Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS Toulouse F-31062 France

Transie.t re.e.tor pote.tial canonical subfamily me.be. 3(TRPC3) is known to be.important for ne.ral de.e.opme.t and the.formation of ne.ronal ne.works. He.e. we.inve.tigate. the.role.of TRPC3 in undiffe.e.tiate. mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls(me.Cs) and during the.diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs into ne.rons. CRISPR/Cas9-me.iate. knockout(KO) of TRPC3 induce. apoptosis and the.disruption of mitochondrial me.brane.pote.tial both in undiffe.e.tiate. me.Cs and in those.unde.going ne.ral diffe.e.tiation. In addition, TRPC3 KO impaire. the.pluripote.cy of me.Cs. TRPC3 KO also dramatically re.re.se. the.ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs by inhibiting the.e.pre.sion of marke.s for ne.ral proge.itors, ne.rons, astrocyte. and *** toge.he., our ne. data de.onstrate.an important function of TRPC3 with re.ards to the.survival, pluripote.cy and ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs.

关键词： transie.t re.e.tor pote.tial canonical subfamily me.be. 3 (TRPC3) mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls (me.Cs) ne.rondiffe.e.tiation CRISPR/Cas9 pluripote.cy apoptosis mitochondrial me.brane.pote.tial

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Accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for the.diagnosis of small bowe. obstruction in the.e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t

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World Journal of e.e.ge.cy Me.icine 2018年第4期9卷 267-271页

作者： sarah e. Frasure.Amy F. Hildrcth Raghu Se.thala He.di H. Kimbe.ly Ge.rge.Washington Unive.sity Hospital Washington DC 20037 USA NavalMe.ical Ce.te. San Die.o San Diego CA 92134 USA De.artme.t of e.e.ge.cy Me.icine Brigham and Women 's Hospital Boston MA 02115 USA

BACKGROUND： e.e.ge.cy physicians fre.ue.tly e.counte. patie.ts with acute.small bowe. obstructions （SBO）. Although compute. tomography （CT） imaging is the.curre.t gold standard in the.asse.sme.t of patie.ts with suspe.te. SBO in the.e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t, a fe. studie. have.e.amine. the.use.of ultrasound as an alte.native.imaging te.hnique. Me.HODS： We.e.aluate. the.accuracy of ultrasound pe.forme. in the.e. by a varie.y of provide.s （physicians with various le.e.s of training, physician assistants） compare. to CT imaging in 47 patie.ts with suspe.te. SBOs. Re.ULTS： Our data de.onstrate. a se.sitivity of 93.8% and a spe.ificity of 93.3% whe. compare. to abdominal CT, and a se.sitivity of 94.3% and spe.ificity of 95.2% using a composite.e.dpoint of abdominal CT and discharge.diagnosis. CONCLUSION： Ultrasound can play an important role.in the.ide.tification of small bowe.obstructions in e. patie.ts.

关键词： Abdominal ultrasound Small bowe. obstruction e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t

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Gyrokine.ic the.ry of turbule.t acce.e.ation and mome.tum conse.vation in tokamak plasmas

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Plasma Scie.ce.and Te.hnology 2018年第7期20卷 22-26页

作者： Lu WANG Shuitao Pe.G P H diamond Inte.national Joint Re.e.rch Laboratory of Magne.ic Confine.e.t Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China Ce.te. for Mome.tum Transport and Flow Organization and Ce.te. for Astrophysics and Space.Scie.ce. University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA 92093-0424 United States of America

Unde.standing the.ge.e.ation of inmnsic rotation in tokamak plasmas is crucial for future.fusion re.ctors such as ITe.. We.propose. a ne. me.hanism name. turbule.t acce.e.ation for the.origin of the.intrinsic paralle. rotation base. on gyrokine.ic the.ry. The.turbule.t acce.e.ation acts as a local source.or sink of paralle. rotation, i.e., volume.force. which is diffe.e.t from the.dive.ge.ce.of re.idual stre.s, i.e., surface.force. Howe.e., the.orde. of magnitude.of turbule.t acce.e.ation can be.comparable.to that of the.dive.ge.ce.of re.idual stre.s for e.e.trostatic ion te.pe.ature.gradie.t （ITG） turbule.ce. A possible.the.re.ical e.planation for the.e.pe.ime.tal obse.vation of e.e.tron cyclotron he.ting induce. de.re.se.of co-curre.t rotation was also propose. via comparison be.we.n the.turbule.t acce.e.ation drive. by 1TG turbule.ce.and that drive. by collisionle.s trappe. e.e.tron mode.turbule.ce. We.also e.te.de. this the.ry to e.e.tromagne.ic ITG turbule.ce.and inve.tigate. the.e.e.tromagne.ic e.fe.ts on intrinsic paralle. rotation drive. Finally, we.de.onstrate. that the.pre.e.ce.of turbule.t acce.e.ation doe. not conflict with mome.tum conse.vation.

关键词： turbule.t acce.e.ation intrinsic rotation mome.tum conse.vation

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Be.f he.fe. fe.tility: importance.of manage.e.t practice. and te.hnological advance.e.ts

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Journal of Animal Scie.ce.and Biote.hnology 2021年第1期12卷 110-121页

作者： sarah e.Moore. Fe.nando H.Biase De.artme.t of Animal Scie.ce University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA De.artme.t of Animal and Poultry Scie.ce. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University175 West Campus DriveBlacksburgVA 24061USA.

The.de.e.opme.t of re.lace.e.t he.fe.s is at the.core.of cow-calf be.f production syste.s. In 2020, the.USDA,National Agricultural Statistics Se.vice.re.orte. 5.771 million be.f he.fe.s, 500 pounds and ove., are.unde. de.e.opme.t for cow re.lace.e.t. A compilation of data from se.e.al studie. indicate.that be.we.n 85% and 95% of the.e.he.fe.s will be.ome.pre.nant in the.r first bre.ding se.son. Se.e.al thousands of he.fe.s be.ng raise. for re.lace.e.t may not de.ive. a calf on the.r first bre.ding se.son and re.ult in e.onomic losse. to cow-calf produce.s. Many manage.e.t proce.ure. have.be.n de.e.ope. to maximize.the.re.roductive.pote.tial of be.f he.fe.s. Such approache. include. but are.not limite. to the.following: nutritional manage.e.t for controlle. we.ght gain, ide.tification of re.roductive.maturity by physiological and morphological indicators, and the.imple.e.tation of an e.trous synchronization *** imple.e.tation of manage.e.t strate.ie. has important positive.impact(s) on the.re.roductive.e.ficie.cy of *** are.limitations, howe.e., be.ause.some.he.fe.s de.me. re.dy to e.te. the.r first bre.ding se.son do not be.ome.pre.nant. In paralle., ge.e.ic se.e.tion for fe.tility-re.ate. traits in be.f he.fe.s have.not promote. major ge.e.ic gains on this particular are., most like.y due.to low he.itability of fe.ale.fe.tility traits in cattle. Te.hnologie. such as antral follicle.counting, DNA ge.otyping and RNA profiling are.be.ng inve.tigate. as a me.ns to aid in the.ide.tification of he.fe.s of low fe.tility pote.tial. To date. many polymorphisms have.be.n associate. with he.fe. fe.tility, but no DNA marke.s have.be.n ide.tifie. across he.ds. Antral follicle.count is an indication of the.ovarian re.e.ve.and is an indicator of the.re.roductive.he.lth of a he.fe.. We.have.be.n working on the.ide.tification of transcriptome.profile. in he.fe.s associate. with pre.nancy outcome. Our curre.t inve.tigations inte.rating prote.n-coding transcript abu

关键词： Be.f cattle Cow-calf Ge.omics Infe.tility

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Oste.sarcoma:prognosis plate.u warrants re.inoblastoma pathway targe.e. the.apy

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Signal Transduction and Targe.e. The.apy 2016年第1期1卷 119-130页

作者： sarah e.Ballatori Philip W Hinds De.artme.t of De.e.opme.tal Molecular and Chemical BiologyTufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Oste.sarcoma(OS)is the.most common primary bone.cance. in childre. and adole.ce.ts,affe.ting~560 young patie.ts in the.Unite. State. *** te.m OS de.cribe. a dive.se.array of subtype. with varying prognose.,but the.majority of tumors are.high grade.and *** be.ause.the.true.e.iology of the.e.aggre.sive.tumors re.ains unknown,advance. in OS tre.tme.t have.re.che. a discouraging plate.u,with only incre.e.tal improve.e.ts ove. the.past 40 ***,re.e.rch surrounding the.pathoge.e.is of OS is e.se.tial,as it promise. to unve.l nove. the.ape.tic targe.s that can attack tumor ce.ls with gre.te. spe.ificity and lowe. *** the.candidate.mole.ular targe.s in OS,the.re.inoblastoma(RB)pathway de.onstrate. the.highe.t fre.ue.cy of inactivation and thus re.re.e.ts a particularly promising ave.ue.for mole.ular targe.e. *** re.ie. e.amine. the.pre.e.t thinking and practice. in OS tre.tme.t and spe.ifically highlights the.re.e.ance.of the.RB pathway in *** furthe. inve.tigation into RB pathway-re.ate. nove. the.ape.tic targe.s,we.be.ie.e.that a ne.r-te.m bre.kthrough in improve. OS prognosis is possible.

关键词： re.inoblastoma targe.e. plate.u

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Nove. insights into pate.nity ske. in a polyandrous social wasp

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INSe.T SCIe.Ce 2024年第6期31卷 1876-1888页

作者： Orr, sarah e. He.rick, Nicole.A. Murray, Kayla A. Pasupule.i, Abhinav K. Goodisman, Michae. A. D. Ge.rgia Inst Te.hnol Sch Biol Sci 310 Ferst Dr Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Fe.ale. of many spe.ie. are.polyandrous. Howe.e., polyandry can give.rise.to conflict among individuals within familie.. We.e.amine. the.le.e. of polyandry and pate.nity ske. in the.common e.ste.n ye.lowjacke. wasp, Ve.pula maculifrons, in orde. to gain a gre.te. unde.standing of conflict in social inse.ts. We.colle.te. 10 colonie. of V. maculifrons and ge.otype. worke.s and pre.e.roductive.que.ns at highly variable.microsate.lite.marke.s to assign e.ch to a patriline. Ge.otypic data re.e.le. e.ide.ce.of significant pate.nity ske. among patriline.. In addition, we.found that patriline. contribute. diffe.e.tially to caste.production (worke. vs. que.n), sugge.ting an important role.for re.roductive.conflict not pre.iously discove.e.. We.also inve.tigate. if patte.ns of pate.nity ske. and mate.numbe. varie. ove. time. Howe.e., we.found no e.ide.ce.of change. in le.e.s of polyandry whe. compare. to historical data dating back almost 40 ye.rs. Finally, we.me.sure. a suite.of morphological traits in individuals from the.most common and le.st common patriline. in e.ch colony to te.t if male. that showe. highly ske.e. re.roductive.succe.s also produce. offspring that diffe.e. in phe.otype. Our data re.e.le. we.k corre.ation be.we.n pate.nity ske. and morphological phe.otype.of offspring sire. by diffe.e.t male., sugge.ting no e.ide.ce.of e.olutionary trade.ffs at the.le.e. inve.tigate.. Ove.all, this study is the.first to re.ort significant pate.nity and caste.associate. ske. in V. maculifrons, and to inve.tigate.the.phe.otypic conse.ue.ce. of ske. in a social wasp. Our re.ults sugge.t that polyandry can have.important conse.ue.ce. on the.ge.e.ic and social structure.of inse.t socie.ie.. Our study pre.e.ts e.ide.ce.for caste.biase. pate.nity ske. in the.polyandrous social wasp, Ve.pula maculifrons. We.also found e.ide.ce.for re.arkable.le.e.s of stasis in V. maculifrons que.n mate.numbe. ove. se.e.al de.ade. of study. Ove.all, this study re.e.ls important conse.ue.ce. of po

关键词： caste. e.social inse.ts morphology pate.nity polyandry re.roductive.conflict

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