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Nutritional assessment in patients with liver cirrhosis

World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第9期14卷 1694-1703页

作者： sara Haj ali Awni Abu Sneineh Reem Hasweh Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineAl-Balqa Applied UniversitySalt 19117Jordan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of JordanFaculty of MedicineAmman 11942Jordan

Malnutrition is a liver cirrhosis complication affecting more than 20%-50%of *** the term can refer to either nutrient deficiency or excess,it usually relates to undernutrition in cirrhosis *** is defined as limited physical function due to muscle weakness,whereas sarcopenia is defined as muscle mass loss and an advanced malnutrition *** pathogenesis of malnutrition in liver cirrhosis is multifactorial,including decreased oral intake,maldigestion/malabsorption,physical inactivity,hyperammonemia,hypermetabolism,altered macronutrient metabolism and gut microbiome *** with chronic liver disease with a Body Mass Index of<18.5 kg/m2 and/or decompensated cirrhosis or Child-Pugh class C are at the highest risk of *** patients at risk of malnutrition,a detailed nutritional assessment is required,typically including a history and physical examination,laboratory testing,global assessment tools and body composition *** latter can be done using anthropometry,cross-sectional imaging including computed tomography or magnetic resonance,bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.A multidisciplinary team should screen for and treat malnutrition in patients with *** and sarcopenia are associated with an increased risk of complications and a poor prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis;thus,it is critical to diagnose these conditions early and initiate the appropriate nutritional *** this review,we describe the prevalence and pathogenesis of malnutrition in liver cirrhosis patients and discuss the best diagnostic approach to nutritional assessment for them.

关键词： Malnutrition Cirrhosis Nutritional assessment Sarcopenia Nutrition Frailty

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Deep Transfer Learning Based Detection and Classification of Citrus Plant Diseases

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 895-914页

作者： Shah Faisal Kashif Javed sara ali Areej Alasiry Mehrez Marzougui Muhammad Attique Khan Jae-Hyuk Cha Department of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence SMME NUSTIslamabadPakistan College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Korea

Citrus fruit crops are among the world’s most important agricultural products,but pests and diseases impact their cultivation,resulting in yield and quality *** vision and machine learning have been widely used to detect and classify plant diseases over the last decade,allowing for early disease detection and improving agricultural *** paper presented an automatic system for the early detection and classification of citrus plant diseases based on a deep learning(DL)model,which improved accuracy while decreasing computational *** most recent transfer learning-based models were applied to the Citrus Plant Dataset to improve classification *** transfer learning,this study successfully proposed a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)-based pre-trained model(EfficientNetB3,ResNet50,MobiNetV2,and InceptionV3)for the identification and categorization of citrus plant *** evaluate the architecture’s performance,this study discovered that transferring an EfficientNetb3 model resulted in the highest training,validating,and testing accuracies,which were 99.43%,99.48%,and 99.58%,*** identifying and categorizing citrus plant diseases,the proposed CNN model outperforms other cuttingedge CNN model architectures developed previously in the literature.

关键词： Citrus diseases classification deep learning transfer learning efficientNetB3 mobileNetV2 ResNet50 InceptionV3

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Biochemical and Molecular Effects of Phoenix dactyliferaand Ziziphus spina-christiExtracts on Candida albicans

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第3期7卷 29-43页

作者： sara Al-ali Awatif Al-Judaibi King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Jeddah University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Our overall knowledge of the medicinal uses of plants suggests that natural compounds could be useful in the treatment of cutaneous fungal infections in tropical regions. Furthermore, the possibilities of treatment using plant extracts may be even broader than is already known when one considers plants that have not been extensively studied in this context, such as the regional species Phoenix dactylifera and Ziziphus spina-christi. This study compared the antimicrobial activity of Phoenix dactylifera and Ziziphus spina-christi extracts in terms of their biochemical and molecular effects on Candida albicans (ATCC CA 10231). These effects included altered levels of intracellular sterols, changes in the permeability of the cell membrane, and changes in the TEF1: QRTTEF1, CaERG1: ERG1, CdERG12: CdERG1, and ERG25: ERG25 genes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to identify morphological characteristics, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) analyses were conducted. In treated samples, the SEM and EDAX analyses showed cell cavities and shrinkage of the cell wall, and the number of cells was reduced to only a few abnormal cells as compared with that in the untreated samples. Yttrium was detected in the cells treated with Z. spina-christi, and high levels of osmium were detected in the cells treated with P. dactylifera. Compared with control cells, cells exposed to the concentration 150 μl/ml of Z. spina-christi extract had an average sterol concentration that was nearly 3 times higher, while the concentration was 5.5 times higher for cells treated with the 150 μl/ml of P. dactylifera extract. The ethanol extracts affected the permeability of C. albicans cell membrane. Gene sequencing showed gaps and mismatches in the ERG1, ERG12, and ERG25 genes after treatment with P. dactylifera and Z. spina-christi extracts compared with that in the controls. The results were highly significant (p ≤ 0.01). We conclude that the ethanol extracts of P. dactylifera and Z

关键词： Sterols Cell Permeability EDAX Analyses Phoenix dactylifera Ziziphus spina-christi Molecular Characterization

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Latent Growth Mixture Modeling to Estimate Differential PTSD Trajectories and Associated Risk Factors in Psychiatric Staff Following Workplace Violence

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2023年第4期13卷 360-371页

作者： Ask Elklit sara Al ali Jesper Pihl-Thingvad The National Center of Psychotraumatology Department of Psychology University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark

Background: Workplace violence (WV) towards psychiatric staff has commonly been associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). However, prospective studies have shown that not all psychiatric staff who experience workplace violence experience post-traumatic stress. Purpose: We want to examine the longitudinal trajectories of PTSD in this population to identify possible subgroups that might be more at risk. Furthermore, we need to investigate whether certain risk factors of PTSD might identify membership in the subgroups. Method: In a sample of psychiatric staff from 18 psychiatric wards in Denmark who had reported an incident of WV, we used Latent Growth Mixture Modelling (LGMM) and further logistic regression analysis to investigate this. Results: We found three separate PTSD trajectories: a recovering, a delayed-onset, and a moderate-stable trajectory. Higher social support and negative cognitive appraisals about oneself, the world and self-blame predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory, while higher social support and lower accept coping predicted membership in the delayed-onset trajectory. Conclusion: Although most psychiatric staff go through a natural recovery, it is important to be aware of and identify staff members who might be struggling long-term. More focus on the factors that might predict these groups should be an important task for psychiatric departments to prevent posttraumatic symptomatology from work.

关键词： Latent Growth Mixture Modeling PTSD Trajectories Psychiatric Staff Work-place Violence

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The Effect of Chlorine Dioxide Charges in Chlorine Dioxide-Alkaline Extraction-Chlorine Dioxide （DED） Sequence on Optical Properties of Kraft Pulp of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第2期1卷 181-186页

作者： Hossein Resalati sara Kajforush ali Ghasemian Ahmadreza saraeyan Department of Pulp and Paper Sciences and Technology College of Wood and Paper Engineering Gorgan University ofAgricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan 49138-15739 Iran

Hardwoods are important raw material for making pulp and paper products. Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a fast-growing hardwood species with a wide distribution in Iran and can be introduced as appropriatematerial to compensate the wood shortages of the natural forest. Kraft pulping was performed under different cooking conditions and, based on the relations of pulp yield and kappa number, bleachable kraft pulp at screened yield of 43.3% and kappa number of 31.3 was selected for DED （Chlorine Dioxide-Alkaline Extraction-Chlorine Dioxide） bleaching and its bleachability was studied at different kappa factor in D~ stage. The results indicated that the bleachable kraft pulp from this species has high kappa number at acceptable screened yield and to complete the delignification in the bleaching process, higher kappa factor may be needed in DED bleaching sequence. The main reduction in final kappa number and yield loss were observed at kappa factor level of 0.2 but by further increase in kappa factor up to 0.4, more development were observed in optical properties but at lower opacity.

关键词： Kraft Kappa factor Eucalyptus camaldulensis DED bleaching.

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Solid-state impedance spectroscopy studies of dielectric properties and relaxation processes in Na_(2)O–V_(2)O_(5)–Nb_(2)O_(5)–P_(2)O_(5) glass

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 186-196页

作者： sara Marijan Luka Pavic Division of Materials Chemistry Ruđer Boskovic InstituteBijenicka 54HR-10000 ZagrebCroatia

Solid-state impedance spectroscopy(SS-IS)was used to investigate the influence of structural modifications resulting from the addition of Nb2O5 on the dielectric properties and relaxation processes in the quaternary mixed glass former(MGF)system 35Na_(2)O–10V_(2)O_(5)–(55-x)P_(2)O_(5)–xNb_(2)O_(5)(x=0–40,mol%).The dielectric parameters,including the dielectric strength and dielectric loss,are determined from the frequency and temperature-dependent complex permittivity data,revealing a significant dependence on the Nb2O5 *** transition from a predominantly phosphate glass network(xalism and complex impedance data,show that DC conductivity and relaxation processes are governed by the same mechanism,attributed to ionic *** contrast to glasses with a single peak in frequency dependence of imaginary part of electrical modulus,M″(ω),Nb-40 glass-ceramic exhibits two distinct contributions with similar relaxation *** high-frequency peak indicates bulk ionic conductivity,while the additional low-fre-quency peak is associated with the grain boundary effect,confirmed by the electrical equivalent circuit(EEC)*** scaling characteristics of permittivity and conductivity spectra,along with the electrical modulus,validate time-temperature superposition and demonstrate a

关键词： phosphate glasses glass-ceramics impedance spectroscopy dielectric properties relaxation processes permittivity scaling conductivity scaling modulus formalism

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Frequency of Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors among Undergraduate Students

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第2期7卷 131-145页

作者： Muniba Mehmood Hasan Uzair Yaqoob sara Shaukat ali Adeel Ahmed Siddiqui Sindh Medical College Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan

Objective: To study and compare the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in Medical and non-medical students and find out the specific factors associated with the occurrence of this pain. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study from March-May 2017 where a total of 400 medical and 350 non-medical students were registered using a structured questionnaire made by modification of Nordic questionnaire. Characteristics of musculoskeletal pain were determined Pain was also graded by using a grading scale. Results: Mean age for medical and non-medical students was 21.36 and 20.97 respectively. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was higher among females. More data were collected from 2nd and 5th year of medical and 1st and 2nd year of non-medical students. High incidence was found in medical students with occurrence mostly in Neck. This frequency of musculoskeletal pain was quiet high during the last 7 days. The long study hours and use of computer/laptop were found to be greater among medical undergraduates but no significant association was found in medical unlike non-medical students. Majority of undergraduate students reported a normal BMI. Our study has found no co-relation of BMI with prevalence of pain. It was also observed that medical students with musculoskeletal pain spent more time on travelling when compared to non-medical. Association was found with the use of back packs. The study observed the level of many daily activities like exercise and outdoor sports etc. but no significant relation was found. Conclusion: Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among undergraduate students is truly high, more so in medical students. Medical students have shown no association of studying for long hours and use of computer/laptop with musculoskeletal pain when compared to non-medical students. More studies should be done to know contributing factors of musculoskeletal pain among undergraduate students.

关键词： Musculoskeletal Pain Undergraduates Medical Students Non Medical Students Neck Pain

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Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid ameliorates gentamicin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第9期10卷 411-416页

作者： Saad Bin Dajem sara Bayoumi ali Omar Ghanem Abdelrady Nouraldin Mahmoud Salahaldin Ahmed Muhammed Soliman Yasmin Mohamed Kamal Ammar Yasser Abdelazim Aya Fadi Mohamed Kareem Morsy Ayman Saber Mohamed Sohair Ramadan Fahmy Department of Biology College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityCairoEgypt

Objective:To explore the efficacy of earthworm’s coelomic fluid against gentamicin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in ***:The animals were divided randomly into three groups(n=6 per group):control,gentamicin,and Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid-treated *** was established after injection of gentamicin daily for 8 days at a dose of 100 mg/*** aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,total proteins,albumin,creatinine,urea,uric acid,malondialdehyde,glutathione,catalase and histopathology of tissues were investigated in the ***:Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid significantly decreased urea,creatinine,uric acid,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,alkaline phosphatase,and malondialdehyde levels while significantly increasing levels of total proteins,albumin,glutathione and *** histopathological investigation showed partial restoration of renal and hepatic ***:This study shows the potency of Allolobophora caliginosa coelomic fluid in improving the biochemical and histopathological changes induced by gentamicin in the liver and kidney of the rats.

关键词： Allolobophora caliginosa Coelomic fluid Gentamicin Hepatorenal toxicity Earthworm

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Advancements in Barrett's esophagus detection:The role of artificial intelligence and its implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1494-1496页

作者： sara Massironi Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases Department of Medicine and SurgeryFondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriUniversity of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy

Artificial intelligence(AI)is making significant strides in revolutionizing the detection of Barrett's esophagus(BE),a precursor to esophageal *** the research article by Tsai et al,researchers utilized endoscopic images to train an AI model,challenging the traditional distinction between endoscopic and histological *** approach yielded remarkable results,with the AI system achieving an accuracy of 94.37%,sensitivity of 94.29%,and specificity of 94.44%.The study's extensive dataset enhances the AI model's practicality,offering valuable support to endoscopists by minimizing unnecessary ***,questions about the applicability to different endoscopic systems *** study underscores the potential of AI in BE detection while highlighting the need for further research to assess its adaptability to diverse clinical settings.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Artificial intelligence Endoscopic images Artificial intelligence model Early cancer detection Endoscopy

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Experimental evaluation of mechanical compression of lattice trusses made with Ti6Al4V for aerospace use

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 520-532页

作者： Carlo Giovanni FERRO sara VARETTI Paolo MAGGIORE Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli AbruzziTorino 10124Italy

Lattice structures are three-dimensional structures composed of repeated geometrical shapes with multiple interconnected nodes,providing high strength-to-weight ratios,customizable properties,and efficient use of materials.A smart use of materials leads to reduced fuel consumption and lower operating costs,making them highly desirable for aircraft ***,the customizable properties of lattice structures allow for tailoring to specific design requirements,leading to improved performance and safety for *** advantages make lattice structures an important focus for research and development in the aviation *** paper presents an experimental evaluation of the mechanical compression properties of lattice trusses made with Ti6Al4V,designed for use in an anti-ice *** truss structures were manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques and tested under compressive loads to determine mechanical *** showed that lattice trusses exhibited high levels of compressive strength,making them suitable for use in applications where mechanical resistance and durability are critical,such as in anti-ice *** also highlight the potential of additive manufacturing techniques for the fabrication of lattice trusses with tailored mechanical *** study provides valuable insights into the mechanical behavior of Ti6Al4V lattice trusses and their potential applications in anti-ice systems,as well as other areas where high strength-to-weight ratios are *** results of this research contribute to the development of lightweight,efficient,and durable anti-ice systems for use in aviation and other industries.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing(AM) Selective Laser Sintering(SLM) Anti ice systems Lattice structures Aircraft on board systems Design of Experiments(DOE)

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