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Superior gallstone dissolubility and safety of tert-amyl ethyl ether over methyl-tertiary butyl ether

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第39期25卷 5936-5952页

作者： Dong Do You Suk Joon Cho Ok-Hee Kim Jin Sook Song Kyu-Seok Hwang sang Chul Lee Kee-Hwan Kim Ho Joong Choi Ha-Eun Hong Haeyeon Seo Tae Ho Hong Jung hyun Park Tae Yoon Lee Joseph ahn Jae-Kyung Jung Kwan-Young Jung Say-June Kim Department of Surgery St.Vincent's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 16247South Korea College of Pharmacy Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644South Korea Department of Surgery Seoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Catholic Central Laboratory of Surgery Institute of Biomedical IndustryCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Bio and Drug Discovery Division Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114South Korea Department of Surgery Daejeon St.Mary's HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 34943South Korea Department of Surgery Uijeongbu St.Mary's HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 11765South Korea Department of Biomedicine and Health Science College of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591South Korea Department of Surgery Eunpyeong St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of Medicinethe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 03312South Korea Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113South Korea

BACKGROUND The use of methyl-tertiary butyl ether(MTBE)to dissolve gallstones has been limited due to concerns over its toxicity and the widespread recognition of the safety of laparoscopic *** adverse effects of MTBE are largely attributed to its low boiling point,resulting in a tendency to ***,if there is a material with a higher boiling point and similar or higher dissolubility than MTBE,it is expected to be an attractive alternative to *** To determine whether tert-amyl ethyl ether(TAEE),an MTBE analogue with a relatively higher boiling point(102°C),could be used as an alternative to MTBE in terms of gallstone dissolubility and *** The in vitro dissolubility of MTBE and TAEE was determined by measuring the dry weights of human gallstones at predetermined time intervals after placing them in glass containers with either of the two *** in vivo dissolubility was determined by comparing the weights of solvent-treated gallstones and control(dimethyl sulfoxide)-treated gallstones,after the direct infusion of each solvent into the gallbladder in both hamster models with cholesterol and pigmented *** The in vitro results demonstrated a 24 h TAEE-dissolubility of 76.7%,56.5%and 38.75%for cholesterol,mixed,and pigmented gallstones,respectively,which represented a 1.2-,1.4-,and 1.3-fold increase in dissolubility compared to that of *** the in vitro experiment,the 24 h-dissolubility of TAEE was 71.7%and 63.0%for cholesterol and pigmented gallstones,respectively,which represented a 1.4-and 1.9-fold increase in dissolubility compared to that of *** addition,the results of the cell viability assay and western blot analysis indicated that TAEE had a lower toxicity towards gallbladder epithelial cells than *** We demonstrated that TAEE has higher gallstone dissolubility properties and safety than those of *** such,TAEE could present an attractive alternative to MTBE if our findings

关键词： Tert-amyl ethyl ether Gallstones Methyl-tert-butyl ether Contact litholytic agent

Optimal culture conditions for the generation of natural killer cell-induced dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第1期9卷 45-53页

作者： Thanh-Nhan Nguyen-Pham Deok-Hwan Yang Truc-Anh Thi Nguyen Mi-Seon Lim Cheol Yi Hong Mi-hyun Kim hyun Ju Lee Youn-Kyung Lee Duck Cho Soo-Young Bae Jae-Sook ahn Yeo-Kyeoung Kim Ik-Joo Chung Hyeoung-Joon Kim Je-Jung Lee Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalJeollanamdoKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalJeollanamdoKorea Vaxcell-Bio Therapeutics JeollanamdoKorea The Brain Korea 21 Project Center for Biomedical Human Resources at Chonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea

Dendritic cell(DC)-based vaccines continue to be considered an attractive tool for cancer *** require an additional signal from the environment or other immune cells to polarize the development of immune responses toward T helper 1(Th1)or Th2 *** play a role in natural killer(NK)cell activation,and NK cells are also able to activate and induce the maturation of *** investigated the types of NK cells that can induce the maturation and enhanced function of DCs and the conditions under which these interactions *** that were activated by resting NK cells in the presence of inflammatory cytokines exhibited increased expression of several costimulatory molecules and an enhanced ability to produce *** cell-stimulated DCs potently induced Th1 polarization and exhibited the ability to generate tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte *** data demonstrate that functional DCs can be generated by coculturing immature DCs with freshly isolated resting NK cells in the presence of Toll-like receptor agonists and proinflammatory cytokines and that the resulting DCs effectively present antigens to induce tumor-specific T-cell responses,which suggests that these cells may be useful for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy dendritic cells natural killer cells signal

Heterostructures in two-dimensional colloidal metal chalcogenides:Synthetic fundamentals and applications

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Nano Research 2019年第8期12卷 1750-1769页

作者： Yuho Min Eunmi Im Geon-Tae Hwang Jong-Woo Kim Cheol-Woo ahn Jong-Jin Choi Byung-Dong Hahn Joon-Hwan Choi Woon-Ha Yoon Dong-Soo Park Dong Choon hyun Geon Dae Moon Functional Ceramics Department Powder & Ceramics DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)ChangwonGyeongnam51508Republic of Korea Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea Dongrtam Regional Division Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyBusan46938Republic of Korea

As a new class of two-dimensional materials, two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures constructed from metal chalcogenides (MCs) have been gaining tremendous attention due to their unprecedented physical and chemical phenomena, mainly originated from their distinct structural features such as composition, architecture type, spatial arrangement of each component, crystal structure, exposed facet and interface, dimensionality in their heterostructures. Towards the realization of practical applications, synthetic approaches need a rational design with a variety of architecture types including laterally-combined, vertically-aligned, and conformally-coated 2D MC heterostructures. Among various synthetic routes, solution-based synthesis is thought of as an alternative to fabrication through high-cost setups since it can control those structural features in a cheap fashion. This review presents recent progress on solution-based synthesis to produce various 2D MC heterostructures with a focus on the synthetic fundamentals in terms of thermodynamic and kinetic aspects related to the growth mechanism. Four different synthetic approaches are reviewed: seeded growth, cation exchange reaction, colloidal atomic layer deposition, direct synthesis including one-step process and modified electrochemical method. We also provide some representative applications of 2D MC heterostructures and their hybrid composites in various fields including optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, catalysis, and battery. Finally, we offer an insight into challenges and future directions in a synthetic improvement of 2D MC heterostructures.

关键词： metal chalcogenide heterostructure anisotropic nanomaterials two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials solution-based synthesis

Leptomeningeal seeding after surgical resection or stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases: Analysis of risk factors

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Leptomeningeal seeding after surgical resection or stereotac...

Inhibition of sanggenon G Isolated from Morus alba on the Metastasis of Cancer Cell

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作者： Jun Hyong ahn sang hyun Lee Heon Yoo Seung Hoon Lee Jungnam Joo Sohee Kim Ho-Shin Gwak Department of Neurosurgery Seoul National University College of Medicine National Cancer Center Korea Department of diagnostic radiology National Cancer Center Korea Neuro-oncology Clinic and National Cancer Center Korea Department of Medical statistics National Cancer Center Korea

Background: Leptomeningeal seeding （LMS） is a devastating complication of malignancy. Among several pathogenesis, surgical spillage has been one of the iatrogenic factors for the development of LMS. We retrospectively analyzed various surgical factors affecting the development of LMS. Patients and Methods: We identified 294 patients with brain metastasis who had been treated using surgery between 2001 and 2009. We classified the tumor location into subcortical, pial, epipial, juxtaventricular and ventricular. The description of surgical resection was divided into piecemeal and en-bloc and the risk of using cavitron ultrasonic aspirator （CUSA） were investigated. Results: A total 44 of the 294 patients （15%） developed LMS after undergoing index procedure. The median time to LMS development was 6months （range, 1.0-42.0）. Among the 294 surgical patients, seven out of 101 en-bloc removal patients （6.9%） developed LMS, whereas 37 out of 193 piecemeal removal patients （19.2%） developed LMS, and the incidence of LMS was significantly different between these two surgical resection modes （p = 0.005）.The adjusted hazard ratio （HR） for patients whose tumors were resected by piecemeal compared to en-bloc was 3.12 （95% CI, 1.4-7.0;p = 0.006）. The incidence of LMS was significantly higher （p ＜ 0.001） in patients whose tumors were resected by CUSA, and the HR of using CUSA was 4.18 （95% CI, 1.9-9.4;p = 0.001）. The location of tumor at high-risk of CSF exposure （epipial and ventricular） conferred increased risk of LMS after the treatment compared to low-risk group with the HR 2.52 （95% CI, 1.4-4.7;p = 0.004）. On the other hand, the location of tumor at low-risk of CSF exposure （subcortical） showed significantly reduced risk of LSM compared to the other locations （HR=0.27;95% CI 0.12-0.65;p-value = 0.003）. Conclusion: The piecemeal resection mode and the use of CUSA were found to increase risk of LMS in this retrospective study. Therefore, the piecemeal resection using CUSA should be

关键词： Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis Neoplasm seeding surgery stereotactic radiosurgery

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2011年第1期3卷 -页

作者： LEE hyun-sun OH Won-keun ahn Jong-seog Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology

Objective An organic layer prepared from the cortex of Morus alba(Moraceae)was studied in order to identify the active compounds for *** Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of sanggenon *** The compound showed inhibitory activity with IC50 of 3.7μmol/L on heparinase in vitro as well as 24μmol/L in invasion assay using MDA-MB231 *** G also had the moderate cytotoxicity at SW 620(colon)and ACHN(kidney)cancer cell lines with IC50 of 10.96 and 13.44μmol/L,*** This is the first time that prenylated flavonoid sanggenon G is described as heparinase ***,this flavonoid would be expected to be a metastasis inhibitor of cancer cells and also a valuable reagent to explore the mechanism of heparinase/heparanase-mediated metastasis.

关键词： cytotoxicity heparinase/heparanase Moraceae Morus alba sanggenon G

Neuroprotection of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by anti-inflammatory effect in gerbils

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第2期11卷 270-277页

作者： Ki-YeonYoo In Hye Kim Jeong-Hwi Cho li Hyeon ahn Joon Ha Park Jae-Chul Lee hyun-Jin Tae Dae Won Kim Jong-Dai Kim Seongkweon Hong Moo-Ho Won il Jun Kang Department of Oral Anatomy College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science Gangneung-Wonju National University GangneungRepublic of Korea Department of Neurobiology School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Science Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hallym University Chuncheon Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science Gangneung-Wonju NationalUniversity Gangneung Republic of Korea Division of Food Biotechnology School of Biotechnology Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea Department of Surgery School of Medicine Kangwon National University Chuncheon Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition Hallym University Chuncheon Republic of Korea

In this study, we tried to verify the neuroprotective effect of Chrysanthemum indicum Linne（CIL） extract, which has been used as a botanical drug in East Asia, against ischemic damage and to explore the underlying mechanism involving the anti-inflammatory approach. A gerbil was given CIL extract for 7 consecutive days followed by bilateral carotid artery occlusion to make a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model. Then, we found that CIL extracts protected pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region（CA1） from ischemic damage using neuronal nucleus immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence. Accordingly, interleukin-13 immunoreactivities in the CA1 pyramidal neurons of CIL-pretreated animals were maintained or increased after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. These findings indicate that the pre-treatment of CIL can attenuate neuronal damage/death in the brain after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion via an anti-inflammatory approach.

关键词： nerve regeneration transient cerebral ischemia delayed neuronal death pyramidal neurons inflammatory cytokines neural regeneration

Intravascular ultrasound assessment of very late bare-metal stent thrombosis： a case report

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第9期125卷 1658-1660页

作者： Ji hyun Lee Kyung Min Kim Jun Won Lee Sung Gyun ahn Young Jin Youn Division of Cardiology Wonju College of Medicine Yonsei University Korea

Very late stent thrombosis （VLST） is increasingly being regarded as a complication of drug-eluting stents （DES）, and delayed endothelization, local hypersensitivity reactions, and late stent malapposition due to excessive positive remodeling have been postulated as mechanisms. Considering that stent endothelialization seems to be completed within 4 weeks following bare-metal stent （BMS） placement and that BMS do not possess antiproliferative coating, the mechanism of VLST may differ between patients with DES and those with BMS. We report a case of VLST 9 years after BMS implantation, in which thrombus from the ruptured neointima was confirmed by intravascular ultrasound. This finding suggests that de novo plaque rupture at the neointimal layer within the stent may be one of the explanations for VLST.

关键词： very late stent thrombosis bare-metal stent intravascular ultrasound

Mucoid Degeneration of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Leads to Roof Impingement with Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Case Report

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第2期8卷 46-50页

作者： Su Chan Lee Kyung Won Choi Chang hyun Nam Seung hyun Hwang Hye Sun ahn Joint & Arthritis Research Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Himchan Hospital Seoul Korea

Mucoid degeneration of cruciate ligament is rare cause of knee pain, however there are some cases causing pain and restriction of extension. A 60-year-old man came to our clinic complaining of pain in knee joint on full range of extension about 3 months ago. The range of motion (ROM) was a flexion contracture of 5 degree and a further flexion of 140 degree with pain aggravation by forced extension. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee joint showed thickened posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) mucoid degeneration. Arthroscopic treatment consists of PCL reduction-plasty by debridement of yellowish material in the PCL fiber and reduces the volume of the hypertrophied PCL. Immediately after surgery, patient gain the full ROM without any symptom of impingement. Enlarged PCL can make impingement in femoral notch with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Then, Partial debulking surgery of PCL is an effective treatment to pain relief and restore ROM of knee.

关键词： Mucoid Degeneration Roof Impingement Posterior Cruciate Ligament Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Treatment of Bone Defect with Modular Metal Augmentation Using a Downsized Block in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Technical Note and Report of 17 Cases

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第9期6卷 268-275页

作者： Su Chan Lee Chang hyun Nam Seung hyun Hwang Ji-Hoon Baek Soon Yong Yoo Hye Sun ahn Joint & Arthritis Research Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Himchan Hospital Seoul Korea

In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), a treatment of bone defect varies depending on the location and extent of defect and requires proper surgical procedure. Metal augmentation is readily available for both femoral and tibial bone defects. We report the operative technique of modular metal augmentation using a downsized block for ambiguous proximal tibial and distal femoral bone defects in primary and revision TKA. Regarding bone defects, bone loss can be minimized by using a different size of metal augmentation, and suitable reinforcement for bone defects can be achieved. Once our technique is properly used, it will be very helpful in treating bone defects.

关键词： Total Knee Arthroplasty Bone Defect Metal Augmentation