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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第3期10卷 793-809页

作者： sandeep singh Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

The Higher Himalayan Crystallines(HHC), in western Garhwal, Uttarakhand are located in a regionalscale intracontinental ductile shear zone(15-20 km wide) bounded by the Main Central Thrust at the base, and the South Tibetan Detachment System at the top. The migmatite zone in the centre has the highest grade of metamorphism in the NW Himalayas and show evidence of flowage. Zircons extracted from samples of metasediment, migmatite, biotite granite and in situ partial melt(tourmaline-bearing leucogranite) along the Bhagirathi Valley, preserve U-Pb isotopic evidence of magmatic history, magma source and effects of the Himalayan orogeny in the region. Three distinct periods of zircon growth in the leucogranite record the episodic influx of magma between 46 Ma and 20 Ma indicating a time span of more than 25 Ma between the onset of fluid-fluxed partial melting in the mid-crustal intracontinental shear zone and the emplacement of the magma into the upper crust in a post-collisional extensional setting. Metamorphic zircon growth was initiated about 46 Ma, when the partial melts were generated as the migmatite zone was exhumed.

关键词： Himalayas Crustal anatexis Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating Migmatites Granites

Small molecule induced polymerization of BCL6 facilitates SIAH1 mediated degradation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第5期6卷 1391-1392页

作者： sandeep rana Amarnath Natarajan Division of Predinical Innovation National Center for Advancing Translational SciencesNational Institutes of HealthRockvilleMDUSA Eppley Institute for Cancer Research Fred&Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA

The recent report by Slabicki et *** Nature used an array of techniques including cryo-electron microscopy to elucidate the mechanism of action of BI-3802,a molecular glue.1 The discovery of small molecules that highjack cellular quality control machinery to selectively degrade proteins has generated considerable excitement in the drug discovery community,particularly toward targets often deemed"undruggable".Whether its proteolysis targeting chimeras(PROTACs),consisting of heterobifunctional molecules connected by a linker that facilitates the recruitment of an E3 ligase to the protein of interest(POI)or small molecules that function as molecular glues2 to induce a novel interaction between an E3 ligase and the POI,the ultimate goal is to tag the POI for destruction in *** design is relatively straight forward,wherein a POI binding small molecule,and an E3 ligase binding ligand are connected through a linker that enables stable ternary complex formation(POI:PROTAC:E3 ligase)followed by POI degradation.

关键词： POI connected straight

Evaluation of phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of Polygonatum verticillatum(L.)

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期16卷 273-282页

作者： sandeep Kumar singh Arjun Patra Institute of Pharmacy Guru Ghasidas University

Objective： Polygonaturn verticillatum （L） All. （Ruscaceae）, one of the Ashtawarga plants, is widely used for treatment of various ailments. The present study was undertaken to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of several extracts （petroleum ether, dichloro- methane, chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous） from the rhizomes of the plant. Methods： Coarsely powdered dry rhizome was successively extracted with different solvents of increas- ing polarity （petroleum ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethanol and water）. The phenolic composi- tions, in terms of total phenolic content （TPC）, total flavonoid content （TFC） and total condensed tannin content （JTC）, were evaluated with the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay and vanillin spectrophotometric assay, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl and 2,2＇-azino-his（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） assays were used to assess the antioxidant potential of each extract. A protein denaturation model and 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay were used to evaluate in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti- cancer activities, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） analysis was carried out to demonstrate various phytoconstituents in each extract. Correlation studies were also performed between phenolic composition （TPC, TFC and TFC） and different biological activities. Results： Ethanol extract showed maximum TPC （0.126 mg/g, gallic acid equivalent in dry sample）, TFC （0.094 mg/g, rutin equivalent in dry sample） and TTC （29.32 mg/g, catechin equivalent in dry sample）, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chloroform extract exhibited the strongest cyto- toxicity against the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 90 different phytoconstituents among the extracts. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities had a pos

关键词： Polygonatum verticillatum Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Phenolic profile MCF-7 cells

Site-Specific Nitrogen Management in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice Using Chlorophyll Meter and Leaf Colour Chart

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 72-81页

作者： Ali Mohamed ALI Harmit singh THIND sandeep SHARMA YADVINDER-singh Department of Soil Science Punjab Agricultural University Department of Soil Fertility and Microbiology Desert Research Centre

The need to maintain high rice yields and improve fertilizer nitrogen(N)-use efficiency has fueled the use of tools such as leaf colour chart(LCC) and chlorophyll meter(SPAD meter) in managing fertilizer N based on colour of the leaf. Field experiments were conducted during 2011 to 2013 at Ludhiana, India to assess the need for basal N application and to establish critical threshold values of leaf greenness as measured by LCC and SPAD meter for formulating strategies for in-season management of fertilizer N in dry direct-seeded rice(DDSR). Avoiding application of N at sowing did not adversely affect rice grain yield, indicating that basal N application in DDSR was not necessary and might lead to reduced N-use efficiency. Monitoring N uptake rate during the growing season of DDSR suggested that N uptake rate peaked at the two growth stages: maximum tillering(42 to 56 days after sowing(DAS))and panicle initiation stages(70 to 84 DAS). Using the Cate-Nelson procedure, critical LCC and SPAD meter values for fertilizer N application worked out to be 4 and 37, respectively. Real-time fertilizer N management strategy based on applying 30 kg N ha-1whenever SPAD meter or LCC readings fell below the critical values maintained optimum rice yields along with higher N-use efficiency than that observed by following blanket recommendation for fertilizer N in the region. The fixed-time variable-dose strategy consisted of applying prescriptive doses of 20 kg N ha-1at 14 DAS and 30 kg N ha-1at 28 DAS and corrective doses of 30, 40 or 50 kg N ha-1at 49 and 70 DAS depending upon LCC shade to be ≥ 4, 4–3.5, or < 3.5 and SPAD meter readings to be ≥ 40, 40–35, or< 35, respectively. This strategy also resulted in optimal rice yield along with higher N-use efficiency as compared to the blanket recommendation. This study revealed that in DDSR, fertilizer N could be managed more efficiently using the tools of LCC and SPAD meter than the current blanket recommendation.

关键词： basal N application critical value grain yield leaf greenness N-use efficiency

A Middleware for Polyglot Persistence and Data Portability of Big Data PaaS Cloud Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1625-1647页

作者： Kiranbir Kaur sandeep Sharma Karanjeet singh Kahlon Department of Computer Engineering and Technology Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143001India Department of Computer Science and Applications Guru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsar143001India

Vendor lock-in can occur at any layer of the cloud stack-Infrastructure,Platform,and *** paper covers the vendor lock-in issue at Platform as a Service(PaaS)level where applications can be created,deployed,and managed without worrying about the underlying *** applications and their persisted data on one PaaS provider are not easy to port to another *** overcome this issue,we propose a middleware to abstract and make the database services as *** middleware supports several SQL and NoSQL data stores that can be hosted and ported among disparate PaaS *** facilitates the developers with data portability and data migration among relational and NoSQL-based cloud *** databases are fundamental to endure Big Data applications as they support the handling of an enormous volume of highly variable data while assuring fault tolerance,availability,and *** implementation of the middleware depicts that using it alleviates the efforts of rewriting the application code while changing the backend database system.A working protocol of a migration tool has been developed using this middleware to facilitate the migration of the database(move existing data from a database on one cloud to a new database even on a different cloud).Although the middleware adds some overhead compared to the native code for the cloud services being used,the experimental evaluation on Twitter(a Big Data application)data set,proves this overhead is negligible.

关键词： Cloud computing platform as a service middleware polyglot persistence SQL NoSQL data migration tool Twitter data set

Advanced endoscopic imaging in Barrett's oesophagus:A review on current practice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第38期17卷 4271-4276页

作者： Rajvinder singh SweeLin Chen Yi Mei sandeep Sethi Gastroenterology Unit Department of MedicineLyell McEwin Hospital/University of Adelaide

Over the last few years,improvements in endoscopic imaging technology have enabled identification of dysplasia and early cancer in Barrett's *** techniques should exhibit high sensitivities and specificities and have good interobserver *** should also be affordable and easily applicable to the community ***,these modalities must exhibit the capability of imaging wide areas in real time whilst enabling the endoscopist to specifically target abnormal *** review will specifically focus on some of the novel endoscopic imaging modalities currently available in routine practice which includes chromoendoscopy,autofluorescence imaging and narrow band imaging.

关键词： Autofluorescence imaging Barrett's oesoph-agus Chromoendoscopy High magnifcation endoscopy Narrow band imaging

Ordering Cost Depletion in Inventory Policy with Imperfect Products and Backorder Rebate

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2343-2357页

作者： sandeep Kumar Teekam singh Kamaleldin Abodayeh Wasfi Shatanawi Department of Mathematics Graphic Era Hill UniversityDehradun248002India Department of Mathematics Graphic Era Deemed UniversityDehradun248002India Department of Mathematics and General Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia China Medical University Hospital China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics Hashemite UniversityZarqa13133Jordan

This study presents an inventory model for imperfect products with depletion in ordering costs and constant lead time where the price discount in the backorder is *** imperfect products are refused or modified or if they reached to the customer,returned and thus some extra costs are *** some of the researchers explicitly present on the significant association between size of lot and quality *** practical situations,the unsatisfied demands increase the period of lead time and decrease the *** control customers'problems and losses,the supplier provides a price discount in backorders during ***,an order’s policies may result in including some imperfect products in arrival lots.A discount on price may be offered by the supplier on the out-of-stock products to manage the backorder *** study aims to develop a model with imperfect products by permitting the price discount in backorders,and the cost of ordering is considered a decision ***,it is assumed that the demand for lead time is followed by a normal distribution and then stops it and assumed that the first two moments of demand for lead time are ***,the minimax distribution method is used to solve this model,and a separate algorithm is *** this study,two models are discussed with and without a normally distributed rate of *** current study verified with the help of some numerical examples over various model parameters.

关键词： Inventory ordering cost imperfect product lead time backorder

Optimization of CMOS Repeater Driven Interconnect RC Line Using Genetic Algorithm

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2017年第2期22卷 167-172页

作者： KAUR Jasmeet GILL sandeep singh KAUR Navneet Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Guru Nanak Dev Engineering CollegeLudhiana 141006India

In this work, optimization of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) repeater driven interconnect resistive-capacitive (RC) line is carried out using genetic algorithm (GA). This work is aimed at powerdelay- product (PDP) minimization of RC interconnect at 180 nm technology node. The algorithm simultaneously optimizes the values of supply voltage, number of repeaters and repeater width for delay and PDP minimization. The accuracy of results obtained is verified by simulations from Cadence virtuoso tool. For delay minimization, comparison of GA results with previous results of the literature shows an improvement of 44.4% in the value of the optimal number of repeaters required. This improvement is obtained by increasing the repeater size, which also increases power dissipation, so a tradeoff has also been achieved in terms of PDP minimization. The comparison of PDP results obtained in this work, with the results at 70, 100, and 130 nm technologies from literature shows improvement in optimal number of repeaters required. The results of algorithm and simulations are in good agreement and demonstrate the validity of proposed algorithm. © 2017, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) genetic algorithm interconnects optimal power-delay-product repeater

Synthesis and characterization of rare earth metal doped tungsten trioxide photocatalyst for degradation of Rhodamine B dye

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稀土学报:英文版 2023年第9期41卷 1302-1310,I0002页

作者： Pooja Nehra Amita Khatri Anil Kumar Satyendra singh Pawan S.rana Department of Physics Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and TechnologyMurthal1339SonipatHaryanaIndia Special Centre for Nanoscience Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi10067India

Nowadays,it is concern for researchers that due to high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers in tungsten trioxide(WO_(3)) nanoparticles,the future applications are limited in the field of *** we attempt to synthesize tungsten trioxide nanoparticles with different doping concentrations of lanthanum i.e.2 wt%,4 wt%,6 wt% and 8 wt%.The synthesized samples were characterized by using various characterization techniques:X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),photoluminescence spectra(PL),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) and UV-Vis ***_(3) retains its monoclinic structure even after doping which was confirmed by XRD *** helps to descry functional groups present in the *** size of nanoparticles was calculated by using *** confirms the absence of any impurity in the synthesized *** spectroscopy confirms the presence of a large number of imperfections induced in the lattice of WO_(3).The rate of recombination was analyzed by photoluminescence(PL) spectroscopy and is minimum in 4 wt% doping of *** optical bandgap was calculated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and becomes narrow along with the doping ***,it is found that doping of La in WO_(3) has considerably ameliorate the photocatalytic activity by reducing rate of recombination due to the trapping of electrons by defects introduced in the *** decolorization of Rhodamine B(RhB) dye was performed and the values of c/c_0 and rate constant(k) confirm that the 4 wt% doping shows maximum degradation *** kinetic study for photodegradation of Rhodamine B was done by using various kinetic models and results show that the reaction follows first order kinetics very ***,optimum doping of lanthanum increases the decolorization ability of WO_(3) towards RhB dye.

关键词： Photocatalytic activity WO_(3)nanoparticles Rhodamine B dye Rare earth doping Visible light

Microbe-mediated sustainable bio-recovery of gold from low-grade precious solid waste:A microbiological overview

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 47-64页

作者： Supriyanka rana Puranjan Mishra Zularisam ab Wahid Sveta Thakur Deepak Pant Lakhveer singh Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300GambangKuantanPahangMalaysia Earth Resources and Sustainability Center(EARS) Universiti Malaysia Pahang26300GambangKuantanPahangMalaysia Separation and Conversion Technology Flemish Institute for Technological Research(VITO)Boeretang 200Mol2400Belgium

In an era of electronics,recovering the precious metal such as gold from ever increasing piles of electronic-wastes and metal-ion infested soil has become one of the prime concerns for researchers *** mining is an attractive,economical and nonhazardous to recover gold from the low-grade auriferous ore containing waste or *** review represents the recent major biological gold retrieval methods used to bio-mine *** biomining methods discussed in this review include,bioleaching,bio-oxidation,bio-precipitation,bio-flotation,bio-flocculation,bio-sorption,bio-reduction,bioelectrometallurgical technologies and bio *** mechanism of gold biorecovery by microbes is explained in detail to explore its intracellular mechanistic,which help it withstand high concentrations of gold without causing any fatal *** challenges and future opportunities associated with each method and how they will dictate the fate of gold bio-metallurgy from metal wastes or metal infested soil bioremediation in the coming future are also *** the help of concurrent advancements in high-throughput technologies,the gold bio-exploratory methods will speed up our ways to ensure maximum gold retrieval out of such low-grade ores containing sources,while keeping the gold mining clean and more sustainable.

关键词： Gold Critical metals Bio-recovery Biomining Gold harvesting microbes