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First molecular identification of multiple tick‑borne pathogens in livestock within Kassena‑Nankana,Ghana

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Animal Diseases 2023年第1期3卷 21-34页

作者： Seth Offei Addo Ronald Essah Bentil Kevin Nii Yartey Jane Ansah‑Owusu Eric Behene Selassie Bruku Victor Asoala Suzanne Mate John Asiedu Larbi Philip Kweku baidoo Michael David Wilson Joseph W.Diclaro II samuel K.Dadzie Parasitology Department Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology College of ScienceKNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Epidemiology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Navrongo Health Research Centre Upper East RegionNavrongoGhana U.S.Army Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringMDUSA Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center Center for Disease Control and Prevention DetachmentAtlantaGAUSA

The risk of pathogen transmission continues to increase significantly in the presence of tick vectors due to the trade of livestock across *** Ghana,there is a lack of data on the incidence of tick-borne pathogens that are of zoonotic and veterinary *** study,therefore,aimed to determine the prevalence of such pathogens in livestock using molecular approaches.A total of 276 dry blood spots were collected from cattle(100),sheep(95)and goats(81)in the Kassena-Nankana *** samples were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR)and conventional assays and Sanger sequencing that targeted pathogens including Rickettsia,Coxiella,Babesia,Theileria,Ehrlichia and *** overall prevalence of 36.96%was recorded from the livestock DBS,with mixed infections seen in 7.97%***,the prevalence of infections in livestock was recorded to be 19.21%in sheep,14.13%in cattle,and 3.62%in *** pathogens identified were Rickettsia spp.(3.26%),Babesia ***(8.70%),Theileria orientalis(2.17%),Theileria parva(0.36%),Anaplasma capra(18.48%),Anaplasma phagocytophilum(1.81%),Anaplasma marginale(3.26%)and Anaplasma ovis(7.25%).This study reports the first molecular identification of the above-mentioned pathogens in livestock in Ghana and highlights the use of dry blood spots in resource-limited *** addition,this research provides an update on tick-borne pathogens in Ghana,suggesting risks to livestock production and human *** studies will be essential to establish the distribution and epidemiology of these pathogens in Ghana.

关键词： Livestock Rickettsia Babesia Theileria Ehrlichia Anaplasma

Soluble p75 neurotrophic receptor as a reliable biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases: what is the evidence?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 536-541页

作者： Georges Jourdi samuel Fleury Imane Boukhatem Marie Lordkipanidzé Research Center Montreal Heart InstituteMontrealQCCanada Faculty of Pharmacy Universitéde MontréalMontrealQCCanada UniversitéParis Cité INSERMInnovative Therapies in HaemostasisParisFrance Service d’Hématologie Biologique AP-HPHôpital LariboisièreParisFrance

Neurodegenerative diseases are often misdiagnosed,especially when the diagnosis is based solely on clinical *** p75 neurotrophic receptor(p75^(NTR))has been studied as an index of sensory and motor nerve development and *** cleavable extracellular domain(ECD)is readily detectable in various biological fluids including plasma,serum and *** is evidence for increased p75NTR ECD levels in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,age-related dementia,schizophrenia,and diabetic *** p75^(NTR) ECD could be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis in these disorders,and whether it could potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies,remains an open *** this review,we present and discuss published studies that have evaluated the relevance of this emerging biomarker in the context of various neurodegenerative *** also highlight areas that require further investigation to better understand the role of p75^(NTR) ECD in the clinical diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarker dementia diabetic neuropathy nerve growth factor receptor(NGFR) neurodegeneration p75^(NTR) schizophrenia

Synergistic effects of chloride anions and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals on the assembly of thick three-dimensional high-performance polypyrrole-based electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第7期31卷 492-501,I0013页

作者： Zuxin Sun samuel Eyley Yongjian Guo Reeta Salminen Wim Thielemans Sustainable Materials Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringKU LeuvenCampus Kulak KortrijkEtienne Sabbelaan 538500 KortrijkBelgium Research Unit Plasma Technology Department of Applied PhysicsGhent UniversitySint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41B49000 GhentBelgium

Porous three-dimensional (3D) structures generally improve the performance of electrodes by increasing their active surface area and the diffusion speed of electrolyte ions during charging/*** polypyrrole (PPy) based films were created by electrodepositing PPy in the presence of varying amounts of chloride anions (Cl^(-)) and polyanionic ribbonlike nanoparticles (carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-COO-)) as scaffold *** assembly mechanism of the 3D PPy electrodes combines the effect of different nucleation and growth mechanisms during electropolymerization and deposition of the formed PPy with CNC-COO-and with Cl^(-).The highest area capacitance of these electrode materials was 1.39 F cm^(-2)(150.2 F g^(-1)) at a current density of 1 m A cm^(-2)(0.1 A g^(-1)).More importantly,at a high current density of 20 m A cm^(-2)(2.2 A g^(-1)),the thick (ca.130μm),3D,and high mass loading(9.2 mg cm^(-2)) Cl^(-):CNC-COO-/PPy films exhibited an excellent areal capacitance of 0.85 F cm^(-2)(70.8 F g^(-1)),increasing about 16%over CNC-COO-/PPy films prepared without Cl^(-)present during *** addition,an aqueous Cl^(-):CNC-COO-/PPy (with Cl^(-):CNC-COO-=2.0) symmetric supercapacitor had an outstanding energy density of 41.15μWh cm^(-2)(4.46 Wh kg^(-1)) and excellent cycling stability,while even improving on its original areal capacitance (to 111.2%of its original capacitance) after cycling3000 cycles at 8 m A cm^(-2),indicating their potential in energy storage devices.

关键词： Polypyrrole Cellulose nanocrystals Three-dimensional structures One-step electrodeposition Nucleation and growth mechanisms

Investigation of Acoustomagnetoelectric Effect in Bandgap Graphene by the Boltzmann Transport Equation

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2024年第1期14卷 10-20页

作者： Raymond Edziah samuel S. Bentsiefi Kwadwo Dompreh Anthony Twum Emmanuel kofi Amewode Patrick Mensah-Amoah Ebenezer T. Tatchie Cynthia Jebuni-Adanu samuel Y. Mensah Department of Physics University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Physics Education University of Education Winneba Ghana

We study the acoustomagnetoelectric (AME) effect in two-dimensional graphene with an energy bandgap using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation within the hypersound regime, (where represents the acoustic wavenumber and is the mean free path of the electron). The Boltzmann transport equation and other relevant equations were solved analytically to obtain an expression for the AME current density, consisting of longitudinal and Hall components. Our numerical results indicate that both components of the AME current densities display oscillatory behaviour. Furthermore, geometric resonances and Weiss oscillations were each defined using the relationship between the current density and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) frequency and the inverse of the applied magnetic field, respectively. Our results show that the AME current density of bandgap graphene, which can be controlled to suit a particular electronic device application, is smaller than that of (gapless) graphene and is therefore, more suited for nanophotonic device applications.

关键词： Boltzmann Transport Equation Acoustomagnetoelctric Effect Surface Acoustic Wave Gapless Graphene Weiss Oscillations

Flame Synthesis of Zr/ZSM-5 Catalysts with Tunable Acidity for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propene

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 268-283页

作者： DANIEL samuel FONZEU MONGUEN Cedric Karel WU Lingnan TIAN Zhenyu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Tuning the surface acidity of ZSM-5 catalyst is essential to achieve desired propene selectivity and *** several ratios of Zr were utilized to modify ZSM-5 via flame spray pyrolysis technique coupled with a pulse spray evaporation *** interaction between Zr and ZSM-5 in the flame influenced the physicochemical and acidity properties of the Zr/*** increasing Zr ratio in ZSM-5 shows coated layers of irregular nano-sized Zr with an increase in crystallite sizes due to the synergetic effect between Zr and *** surface chemical analysis revealed increased lattice oxygen on the Zr modified ZSM-5(1:4) sample compared to other *** acidity analysis revealed the Lewis and Br?nsted acid distribution in the weak and medium acid sites on the catalyst ***,the increase in Zr loading decreased the concentration of Br?nsted acid sites and tuned the catalyst surface to more Lewis acidity,promoting propene selectivity and hindering the over-oxidation of *** modified ZSM-5 catalysts were examined in a fixed bed reactor within 300℃-700℃ at a gas hourly space velocity(GHSV) of 6000 mL·g(catalysts)^(-1)·h^(-1) for the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane(ODHP) to *** the catalysts,Zr/ZSM-5(1:4) exhibited the best propene yield, with 57.19% propane conversion and 75.54% selectivity to propene and the highest *** work provides a promising strategy for tuning the surface acidity of ZSM-5 with Zr for ODHP applications.

关键词： flame synthesis Zr modified ZSM-5 catalyst ODHP surface acidity lattice oxygen

GAAF:Searching Activation Functions for Binary Neural Networks Through Genetic Algorithm

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第1期28卷 207-220页

作者： Yanfei Li Tong Geng samuel Stein Ang Li Huimin Yu Department of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China h Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA 99354USA

Binary neural networks(BNNs)show promising utilization in cost and power-restricted domains such as edge devices and mobile *** is due to its significantly less computation and storage demand,but at the cost of degraded *** close the accuracy gap,in this paper we propose to add a complementary activation function(AF)ahead of the sign based binarization,and rely on the genetic algorithm(GA)to automatically search for the ideal *** AFs can help extract extra information from the input data in the forward pass,while allowing improved gradient approximation in the backward *** novel AFs are identified through our GA-based search,while most of them show improved performance(up to 2.54%on ImageNet)when testing on different datasets and network ***,periodic functions are identified as a key component for most of the discovered AFs,which rarely exist in human designed *** method offers a novel approach for designing general and application-specific BNN *** will be released on GitHub.

关键词： binary neural networks(BNNs) genetic algorithm activation function

Classification-oriented dawid skene model for transferring intelligence from crowds to machines

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第5期17卷 53-66页

作者： Jiaran LI Richong ZHANG samuel MENSAH Wenyi QIN Chunming HU Department of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Computer Science University of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK

When a crowdsourcing approach is used to assist the classification of a set of items,the main objective is to classify this set of items by aggregating the worker-provided labels.A secondary objective is to assess the workers’skill levels in this process.A classical model that achieves both objectives is the famous Dawid-Skene *** this paper,we consider a third objective in this context,namely,to learn a classifier that is capable of labelling future items without further assistance of crowd *** extending the DawidSkene model to include the item features into consideration,we develop a Classification-Oriented Dawid Skene(CODS)model,which achieves the three objectives *** effectiveness of CODS on this three dimensions of the problem space is demonstrated experimentally.

关键词： crowdsourcing information aggregation lear-ning from crowds

A new perspective on immune evasion:escaping immune surveillance by inactivating tumor suppressors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 337-338页

作者： Svenja Mergener samuel Peña-Llopis Translational Genomics in Solid Tumors German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)and German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)at University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 55D-45147 EssenGermany Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)and German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)D-69120 HeidelbergGermany

Inactivating mutations in tumor suppressor genes(TSGs)are known to drive tumorigenesis by decoupling proliferation and survival from tight regulatory *** a recent study published in Science,Martin et al.1 shed light on an unappreciated role of TSGs in preventing immune evasion by demonstrating enrichment of TSG inactivation in tumor cell transplants in mice when facing an intact adaptive immune system.

关键词： suppressor immune

Extrauterine Pregnancy: A Nine-Year Review of Incidence, Seasonality and Management at a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Ghana

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第2期10卷 264-274页

作者： Evans kofi Agbeno Anthony Amanfo Ofori Joseph Osarfo Doughan samuel Joseph Amoah Adu Sebastien Ken-Amoah Wisdom Klutse Azanu Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Cape Coast Teaching Hospital Cape Coast Ghana Ghana Health Service Asante Mampong Municipal Hospital Asante Mampong Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana

Introduction: Most cases of extrauterine pregnancies present in the ruptured state in low-resource settings and patients with haemodynamic instability risk mortality without swift intervention. An idea of when ectopic gestations are likely to present may be useful for logistic planning and facility readiness for case management. The study sought to assess the incidence of extrauterine gestation, mode of management and any link with seasonal and/or sociocultural events within the Cape Coast metropolis of Ghana over a 9-year review period.?Methods: A retrospective review of all cases of extrauterine pregnancies managed at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) from January 2010 to December 2018 was conducted. Data on patient age, parity, month of presentation, site and laterality of ectopic gestation, number of abortions and deliveries were retrieved from hospital records and analysed. Yearly and monthly aggregated incidence of extrauterine pregnancies were computed.?Result: A total of 480 ectopic pregnancies out of 26,850 total pregnancies were seen over the period, giving an overall occurence of 17.9/1000 pregnancies and almost all were managed surgically. Half of all the cases occurred in the 20?-?29 years age group while the extremes of age recorded the lowest. An average of about 53 cases per year was recorded for the period under review. The peak months of occurrence were October and November. About 83% were ruptured with the ampulla region being the commonest site. Conclusion: The data suggests increased ectopic gestation occurrence in the Cape Coast metropolis about two months after the major traditional festivals and this may have implications for instituting mitigating measures, logistic management and facility preparedness for case management.

关键词： Extrauterine Pregnancy Seasonality Incidence Ghana Management Options