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Catalytically altering the redox pathway of sulfur in propylene carbonate electrolyte using dual-nitrogen/oxygen-containing carbon

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第8期63卷 224-233页

作者： Linghui Yu Heng Zhang Luyuan Paul Wang samuel Jun Hoong Ong Shibo Xi Bo Chen Rui Guo Ting Wang Yonghua Du Wei Chen Ovadia Lev Zhichuan J.Xu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Hubei key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers&Eco-Dyeing&Finishing Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200HubeiChina Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment(ISCE2)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research in Singapore(A*STAR)1 Pesek RoadJurong Island 627833Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore College of the Environment&Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102FujianChina National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA The Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 9190401Israel Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise NEW-CREATE Phase IICampus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)Singapore138602Singapore Energy Research Institute@NTU ERI@NInterdisciplinary Graduate SchoolNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

Carbonate electrolytes are one of the most desirable electrolytes for high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)because of their successful implementation in commercial Li-ion *** low-polysulfide-solubility feature of some carbonate solvents also makes them very promising for overcoming the shuttle effects of ***,regular sulfur electrodes experience undesired electrochemical mechanisms in carbonate electrolytes due to side *** this study,we report a catalytic redox mechanism of sulfur in propylene carbonate(PC)electrolyte based on a compari-son *** catalytic mechanism is characterized by the interactions between polysulfides and dual N/O functional groups on the host carbon,which largely prevents side reactions between pol-ysulfides and the carbonate *** a mechanism coupled with the low-polysulfide-solubility feature leads to stable cycling of LSBs in PC *** dual N/O functional groups are identified via a density functional theory *** work provides an alternative route for enabling LSBs in carbonate electrolytes.

关键词： Energy storage Lithium-sulfur battery Catalytic redox reaction Porous carbon Carbonate electrolyte

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant k39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.Silva Eduarda N.F.N.Santos Arnaldo S.Bezerra samuel S.Frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.T.Florean Maurício Fvan Tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the k39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant k39(rk39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the k39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the k39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNF,IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rk39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the k39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the k39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis k39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response Th1 Th2 Leishmania infantum

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Near-Surface Soil Chemical Properties as Affected by Cover Crops Over Time in the Lower Mississippi River Valley

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1035-1056页

作者： Cooper Fanning kristofor R. Brye Michael B. Daniels Trenton L. Roberts samuel Fernandes Lisa S. Wood Department of Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA

Typical row-crop agricultural practices can potentially be harmful to soil health and future sustainability. The use of cover crops (CC) as a mechanism to improve soil health on a wide scale remains underutilized. Soil health remains a major concern for the sustainability of agricultural productivity, therefore, research into CC implementation as a mean to preserve or improve soil health is warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CC on the soils in the eastern Arkansas portion of the Lower Mississippi River Valley (LMRV) over time for various chemical soil parameters, including pH, soil organic matter (SOM), soil elemental contents (i.e., P, k, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B), soil respiration, and a generalized soil health score index. Soil pH decreased over time under both CC and no-cover-crop (NCC) treatments, by −0.3 and −0.2, respectively. Soil OM decreased over time under NCC by −0.1%, but did not differ between CC treatments. Soil N availability decreased over time under NCC (−22.6 kg·ha−1), but did not change over time under CC. Soil respiration decreased over time under both CC and NCC, by −76.1 mg·L−1 and −77.3 mg·L−1, respectively, though there was no effect of CC treatment. The Haney soil health score index decreased under CC (−7.0) and NCC (−6.8) without an effect from CC treatment. Results of the study place emphasis on the temporal nature of soil health as influenced by cover crops and their potential to improve soil health.

关键词： Arkansas Cover Crops Soil Properties Soil Organic Matter Soil Health Score

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Need for operational simplicity and timely disbursal of benefits—a qualitative exploration of the implementation of a direct benefit transfer scheme for persons with tuberculosis in India

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第3期13卷 58-72页

作者： Malu Mohan Jeromie W.V.Thangaraj Sumit Pandey G.Sri Lakshmi Priya Sivavallinathan Arunachalam Rahul Sharma Hemant Deepak Shewade B.Aishwarya k.Afeeq Afsana khatoon B.Gokulvijay Gude Sireesha kavita Chandra S.Nandhakumar Prince samuel C.Nanditha Viswanathan Devika Shanmugasundaram Raghuram Rao Manoj V.Murhekar kathiresan Jeyashree Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology R-127TNHBAyapakkamChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India TB Support Network WHO Country Office for IndiaNew DelhiIndia Central Tuberculosis Division Government of IndiaNew DelhiIndia

Background Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana(NPY)is a direct benefit transfer scheme of the Government of India introduced in 2018 to support the additional nutritional requirements of persons with TB(PwTB).Our recent nationwide evaluation of implementation and utilization of NPY using programmatic data of PwTB from nine randomly selected Indian states,reported a 70%coverage and high median delay in benefit *** undertook a qualitative study between January and July 2023,to understand the detailed implementation process of NPY and explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation and utilization of the NPY *** We followed a grounded theory approach to inductively develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena through data generated from multiple *** conducted 36 in-depth interviews of national,district and field-level staff of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme(NTEP)and NPY beneficiaries from 30 districts across nine states of India,selected using theoretical *** analytical framework developed through inductive coding of a set of six interviews,guided the coding of the subsequent *** and themes emerged through constant comparison and the data collection continued until theoretical *** Stakeholders perceived NPY as a beneficial *** political commitment from the state administration,mainstreaming of NTEP work with the district public healthcare delivery system,availability of good geographic and internet connectivity and state-specific grievance redressal mechanisms and innovations were identified as enablers of ***,the complex,multi-level benefit approval process,difficulties in accessing banking services,perceived inadequacy of benefits and overworked human resources in the NTEP were identified as barriers to implementation and *** The optimal utilization of NPY is enabled by strong political commitment and challenged by its length

关键词： National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme Nutritional status Direct benefit transfer Implementation Cash transfer scheme Grounded theory India

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Primary liver cancer spectrum:current knowledge and the next steps

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第1期13卷 157-160页

作者： Mohammad Saeid Rezaee-Zavareh Ekaterina k.koltsova Yujin Hoshida Ju Dong Yang Middle East Liver Diseases Center TehranIran Cedars-Sinai Cancer Smidt Heart InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Comprehensive Transplant Center Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)constitute the main subtypes of primary liver cancers(PLCs)as a major cause of cancer-related mortality and *** emerge from varying quantities and levels of differentiation among major liver cells,comprising hepatocytes,mucin-or non-mucin-producing cholangiocytes,and hepatic progenitor cells(HPCs)with the capability to differentiate into either hepatocytes or cholangiocytes.

关键词： Liver cancer spectrum hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) integrated analysis

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Disagreement between symptom-reflux association analysis parameters in pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease investigation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2401-2406页

作者： samuel C Lüthold Mascha k Rochat Peter Bhler Division of Gastroenterology Departement of Pediatrics Hospital of Fribourg CH-1708 Fribourg Switzerland Asthma and Allergy Research Group University of Munich Lindwurmstrasse 4 D 80337 Munich Germany

AIM: To assess the agreement within 3 commonly used symptom-reflux association analysis (SAA) parameters investigating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants. METHODS: Twenty three infants with suspected GERD were included in this study. Symptom index (SI), Symptom sensitivity index (SSI) and symptom association probability (SAP) related to cough and irritability were calculated after 24 h combined pH/multiple intraluminal impedance (MII) monitoring. Through defined cutoff values, SI, SSI and SAP values are differentiated in normal and abnormal, whereas abnormal values point towards gastroesophageal reflux (GER) as the origin of symptoms. We analyzed the correlation and the concordance of the diagnostic classification of these 3 SAA ***: Evaluating the GER-irritability association, SI, SSI and SAP showed non-identical classification of normal and abnormal cases in 39.2% of the infants. When irritability was taken as a symptom, there was only a poor inter-parameter association between SI and SSI, and between SI and SAP (kendall’s tau b = 0.37, P kendall’s tau b = 0.36, P ken as a symptom, only SI and SSI showed a poor inter-parameter association (kendall’s tau b = 0.33, P ken into consideration when interpreting the results of SAA in infants.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Infant Symptom-reflux association analysis Intraluminal impedance monitoring pH

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印度通过150亿美元芯片计划寻找半导体“甜蜜点”

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科技纵览 2024年第5期 14-14页

作者： samuel k.Moore 不详

传统芯片制造投资可能会占据最大的市场份额。印度政府已批准了一项针对半导体和电子产品生产的重大投资,其中包括该国第一家先进的半导体晶圆厂。印度政府宣布,2024年7月将有三家工厂破土动工,包括一家半导体晶圆厂和两家封装与测试厂... 详细信息

传统芯片制造投资可能会占据最大的市场份额。印度政府已批准了一项针对半导体和电子产品生产的重大投资,其中包括该国第一家先进的半导体晶圆厂。印度政府宣布,2024年7月将有三家工厂破土动工,包括一家半导体晶圆厂和两家封装与测试厂。这三家半导体工厂的总投资为1.26万亿印度卢比(折合152亿美元)。

关键词：芯片制造电子产品生产印度卢比半导体市场份额印度政府

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五问朱利安·瑞克特

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科技纵览 2024年第3期 23-23页

作者： samuel k.Moore 不详

互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)是支持几十年来小型晶体管和更快速计算机的硅逻辑技术,该技术正在进入一个新阶段。CMOS使用了两种成对的晶体管来限制电路的功耗。在“CMOS2.0”这一新阶段,虽然这一部分不会改变,但处理器和其他复杂CMOS芯... 详细信息

互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)是支持几十年来小型晶体管和更快速计算机的硅逻辑技术,该技术正在进入一个新阶段。CMOS使用了两种成对的晶体管来限制电路的功耗。在“CMOS2.0”这一新阶段,虽然这一部分不会改变,但处理器和其他复杂CMOS芯片的制造方式将会发生变化。比利时微电子研究中心(Imec)的逻辑技术副总裁朱利安·瑞克特(Julien Ryckaert)与本刊探讨了相关技术的发展方向。

关键词： CMOS芯片朱利安技术副总裁微电子晶体管逻辑

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Journal of Semiconductors 2015年第12期36卷 24-29页

作者： Jiji koshy Soosen samuel.M Anoop Chandran k.C.George Department of Physics S.B.College

The ac conduction mechanism in copper oxide nanoparticles with 8 nm size, synthesized by a precipitation method was studied by analyzing ac conductivity in the frequency range of 50 Hz-1 MHz and in the temperature range of 373-573 k. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were employed for the structural and morphological characterization of CuO nanoparticles. The experimental and theoretical in- vestigations suggested that the ac conduction mechanism in CuO nanoparticles can be successfully explained by a correlated barrier hopping model, which provided reasonable values for the maximum barrier height and characteristic relaxation time. It was also found that bipolaron hopping become prominent up to a particular temperature and beyond that single polaron hopping predominates. Physical parameters such as hopping distance and density of defect states were also calculated. Photoluminescence studies confirm the presence of a surface defect in CuO nanoparticles.

关键词： CuO nanoparticles correlated barrier hopping defect states photoluminescence spectrum single polaron hopping

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYAMIDES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 1997年第4期15卷 353-361页

作者：周德亮张东 samuel k.L.TAH 周其凤 Department of Polymer Science & Engineering College of Chemistry Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A series of novel mesogenic polyamides containing a flexible pendent side group was synthesized by solution condensation polymerization. The new monomers, diacids and diamines containing flexible elements of different lengths, were also synthesized and characterized by H-1 NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The polymers were characterized by viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction and polarizing optical microscopy. These studies revealed that polyamides containing flexible elements of a sufficient length exhibited thermotropic liquid crystalline (LC) properties. The melting temperatures of this series of polymers were: particularly sensitive to the length of the flexible segment on the main chain and that of the flexible pendent ester side chain. Lyotropic LC behaviours were also observed in solution.

关键词： thermotropic liquid crystals mesogenic polyamides nematic mesophase

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