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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis h.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

Integrated knowledge-based modeling and its application for classification problems

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第6期19卷 1277-1282页

作者： Chen Tieming Gong Rongsheng huang samuel h Coll. of Software Engineering Zhejiang Univ. of Technology Hangzhou 310032 P. R. China State Key Lab of Software Development Environment Beijing Univ. of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100083 P. R. China Intelligent Systems Lab Univ. of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

Knowledge discovery from data directly can hardly avoid the fact that it is biased towards the collected experimental data, whereas, expert systems are always baffled with the manual knowledge acquisition bottleneck. So it is believable that integrating the knowledge embedded in data and those possessed by experts can lead to a superior modeling approach. Aiming at the classification problems, a novel integrated knowledge-based modeling methodology, oriented by experts and driven by data, is proposed. It starts from experts identifying modeling parameters, and then the input space is partitioned followed by fuzzification. Afterwards, single rules are generated and then aggregated to form a rule base, on which a fuzzy inference mechanism is proposed. The experts are allowed to make necessary changes on the rule base to improve the model accuracy. A real-world application, welding fault diagnosis, is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology.

关键词： knowledge discovery fuzzy rule discretization rule generation fuzzy inference

EXTENDED WARRANTY STRATEGIES FOR ONLINE ShOPPING SUPPLY ChAIN WITh COMPETING SUPPLIERS CONSIDERING COMPONENT RELIABILITY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第6期26卷 753-773页

作者： Xinghong Qin Qiang Su samuel h. huang 1.School of Economics and Management Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China 2.School of Business Planning Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China 3.Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

This article presents the issue of extended warranty and management strategies in a three-echelon competing online shopping supply chain with price- and base warranty period-dependent demand. We employ game theory to develop decision models to explore the interactions between component suppliers and the manufacturer, as well as competition between two component suppliers. Products and extended warranty are sold by an online store, which is the leader in the Stackelberg game. Two scenarios are considered： either the manufacturer offers a prepaid extended warranty to customers or doses not. In each scenario, base warranties are assumed to be bundled with products. Our results show that when the manufacturer＇s repair costs change in a proper range, providing extended warranty can benefit both the manufacturer and the online store; otherwise, the manufacturer has no incentive to offer the extended warranty. Reducing repair costs, improving component reliability, or shortening the base warranty period allows the manufacturer to realize significantly better value of the extended warranty. high component reliability benefits both the manufacturer and the online store, with the manufacturer reaping more benefit. Extending the length of the base warranty adversely affects profit of the manufacturer and the value of the extended warranty.

关键词： Extended warranty online shopping supply chain game theory online shopping

Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： samuel K.h.Sy ho Ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li Ka Shing Institute of health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Margaret K.L.Cheung Research Center for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-chuen Research Center of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in ***,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal ***,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain ***,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much *** is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing precise sizes

Wildfire and floral herbivory alter reproduction and pollinator mutualisms of Yuccas and Yucca moths

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 851-858页

作者： Andrew h.Lybbert samuel B.St.Clair Department of Evolution Ecology and Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

Aims Wildfire and ungulate herbivore pressure are increasing globally due to human activities,including arid ecosystems that are sensitive to disturbance,and are highly dependent on pollinator *** evaluated how wildfire and ungulate herbivore pressure influ-ence plant reproductive success and pollinator *** We evaluated flower production,floral herbivory,pollinator visita-tion and fruit set of two Yucca species with highly specialized polli-nator mutualisms(Yucca baccata and Yucca brevifolia)in unburned and burned landscapes created by fires that occurred in the Mojave Desert in *** Findings Yucca baccata plants in burned landscapes had a greater propor-tion of flowering individuals than plants in unburned areas(23 versus 12%).All *** individuals in burned and unburned landscapes produced ***-four percent of *** inflorescences were removed due to herbivory by cattle in burned areas,compared to 51%in unburned ***-two percent of *** inflorescences on branches≤2 m in height were removed in burned areas due to cattle herbivory compared to 39%in unburned ***,we did not observe any inflores-cence removal on *** branches>2 m where the major-ity of *** inflorescences are *** moths,the only known pollinators of these two species,visited *** uniformly in burned and unburned areas but failed to visit ***-cata *** brevifolia had strong fruit production,but not a single fruit was produced among the thousands of flowering *** plants *** herbivory and the loss of obligate pollinator mutualisms appear to be critical threats to the long-term viability of *** populations in this *** reproduc-tive resilience of *** and the maintenance of its pollinator populations appear to be due to its taller stature,which allows verti-cal escape of flowers from ungulate *** of live-stock during

关键词： cattle disturbance Mojave Desert pollination Yucca brevifolia Yucca baccata

Soil hydraulic Properties： Influence of Tillage and Cover Crops

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Pedosphere 2018年第3期28卷 430-442页

作者： samuel I. hARUNA Stephen h. ANDERSON Nsalambi V. NKONGOLO Syaharudin ZAIBON School of Agriculture College of Basic and Applied Sciences Middle Tennessee State University 1301 East Main Street Murfreesboro TN 37132-0001( USA) Department of Soil Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences 302 Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources Building University of Mis-souri Columbia MO 65211-0001( USA) Institut Facultaire des Sciences Agronomiques (IFA-Yangambi) Boite Postale Kisangani 1232( Democratic Republic of Congo) Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture University Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Understanding the effects of cover crops and tillage on soil physical properties is important for determining soil productivity. This study was conducted at Lincoln University＇s Freeman Center, USA to evaluate the effects of tillage and cover crop management on soil hydraulic properties. The field site included three replicate blocks in a randomized complete block design with each plot measuring 21.3 m in length and 12.2 m in width. Treatment factors were tillage at two levels （moldboard plow tillage vs. no tillage） and cover crop at two levels （cereal rye （Secale cereal） cover crop vs. no cover crop）. Soil samples were collected in late spring/early summer from each treatment at 10-cm depth increments from the soil surface to a depth of 40 cm using cores （76.2-mm diameter and 76.2-mm length）. Soil bulk density was 13% lower with tillage compared with no-tillage. Volumetric water content was significantly higher at 0.0 and -0.4 kPa pressures with tillage compared with no tillage. Tillage increased the proportion of coarse mesopores by 32gc compared with no tillage, resulting in 87% higher saturated hydraulic conductivity （Ksat）. Cover crop increased the proportion of macropores by 24~ compared with no cover crop; this can potentially increase water infiltration and reduce runoff. As a result of higher macroporosity, Ksat was higher under cover crop compared with no cover crop. This study demonstrated that tillage can benefit soil hydraulic properties in the short term, but these effects may not persist over time. Cover crops may slightly improve soil hydraulic properties, but longer term studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects.

关键词： pore size distribution saturated hydraulic conductivity soil bulk density soil water retention volumetric water content

Kinematic Analysis of an Under-actuated,Closed-loop Front-end Assembly of a Dragline Manipulator

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2020年第4期17卷 527-538页

作者： Muhammad AWardeh samuel Frimpong Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA Center for Infrastructure Engineering Studies Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USADepartment of Mining and Nuclear EngineeringMissouri University of Science and TechnologyRolla 65409USA

Dragline excavators are closed-loop mining manipulators that operate using a rigid multilink framework and rope and rigging system,which constitute its front-end *** arrangements of dragline front-end assembly provide the necessary motion of the dragline bucket within its operating *** assembly resembles a five-link closed kinematic chain that has two independent generalized coordinates of drag and hoist ropes and one dependent generalized coordinate of dump *** models failed to represent the actual closed loop of dragline front-end assembly,nor did they describe the maneuverability of dragline ropes under imposed geometric ***,a three degrees of freedom kinematic model of the dragline front-end is developed using the concept of generalized *** contains all relevant configuration and kinematic constraint conditions to perform complete digging and swinging *** model also uses three inputs of hoist and drag ropes linear and a rotational displacement of swinging along their *** inverse kinematics is resolved using a feedforward displacement algorithm coupled with the Newton-Raphson method to accurately estimate the trajectories of the *** trajectories are solved only during the digging phase and the singularity was eliminated using Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST),with appropriate inequality constraint *** is shown that the feedforward displacement algorithm can produce accurate trajectories without the need to manually solve the inverse kinematics from the *** research findings are well in agreement with the dragline real operational limits and they contribute to the efficiency and the reduction in machine downtime due to better control strategies of the dragline cycles.

关键词： Dragline mining manipulator underactuated closed-loop mechanism generalized speeds Baumgarte's stabilization technique(BST) feedforward displacement

Origami-Based Design for 4D Printing of 3D Support-Free hollow Structures

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 70-82页

作者： Bingcong Jian Frederic Demoly Yicha Zhang h.Jerry Qi Jean-Claude Andre samuel Gomes Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 6303 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique&Universitede Technologie de Belfort-MontbeliardUniversite Bourgogne Franche-ComteBelfort 90400France George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Laboratoire Reactions et Genie des Procedes UMR 7274 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Universitede LorraineNancy 54001France

The integration of additive manufacturing(AM)in design and engineering has prompted a wide spectrum of research efforts,involving topologically optimized solid/lattice structures,multimaterial structures,bioinspired organic structures,and multiscale structures,to name a ***,except for obvious cases,very little attention has been given to the design and printing of more complex three-dimensional(3D)hollow structures or folded/creased *** of the main reasons is that such complex open or closed 3D cavities and regular/freeform folds generally lead to printing difficulties from support-structure-related *** address this barrier,this paper aims to investigate four-dimensional(4D)printing as well as origami-based design as an original research direction to design and build 3D support-free hollow *** work consists of describing the rough 3D hollow structures in terms of two-dimensional(2D)printed origami precursor layouts without any support *** origami-based definitions are then embodied with folding functions that can be actuated and fulfilled by 3D printed smart *** desired 3D shape is then built once an external stimulus is applied to the active materials,therefore ensuring the transformation of the 2D origami layout to 3D *** demonstrate the relevance of the proposal,some illustrative cases are introduced.

关键词： Origami-based design 4D printing Smart material hollow 3D structures Additive manufacturing

Direct acting antiviral therapy is curative for chronic hepatitis C/autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome

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World Journal of hepatology 2016年第14期8卷 632-636页

作者： Farhad Sahebjam Cristina h hajdu Esther Nortey samuel h Sigal Division of Gastroenterology New York University School of Medicine Department of Pathology New York University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Autoimmune phenomena are common in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Management of chronic hepatitis C/autoimmune hepatitis syndrome has until recently been problematic due to the adverse effects of interferon on autoimmune processes and immunosuppression on viral replication. In this report we describe 3 patients with chronic hepatitis C/autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome who responded rapidly to direct acting antiviral therapy. The resolution of the autoimmune process supports a direct viral role in its pathophysiology.

关键词： hepatitis C Autoimmune hepatitis Overlap syndrome Direct acting antiviral therapy