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Comparative and Prospective Evaluation of the Carbon Potential of the Mangrove of the Sine-Saloum Delta (Senegal) from 2016 to 2021

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 994-1008页

作者： salimata mouhamad diop Massamba Thiam Ousmane Ndiaye Saliou Ndiaye Cherif Cisse Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Senegal Direction des Eaux et Forêts Chasses et Conservation des Sols Dakar Senegal Association Pour la Promotion des Initiatives Locales Dakar Senegal

With the rupture of the Sangomar spit and climate change, ecosystem functions such as carbon absorption and storage by the Saloum Delta Biosphere Reserve are threatened. Initiatives are carried out as a response to the degradation of the mangrove ecosystem, such as the PRECEMA project. To measure its impact, an assessment of the carbon potential of the mangrove was conducted in 2016 on permanent plots. The present study is part of the monitoring of carbon potential. It aims to contribute to the updating of information on the evaluation of carbon storage potential. The method “afforestation and reforestation of degraded mangrove habitats on a large scale CDM or AR-AM0014 version 04.0” was applied. The mangrove vegetation assessed is dominated by Rhizophora racemosa with 69.9% of the total. With a relatively bushy habit (height = 1.91 m), the height distribution shows a right skewness (Skewness = 2.17;Kurtosis = 4.07) with a tail containing more observations than a normal distribution. The distribution is observed for diameters is skewed with Skewness = 1.5 but Kurtosis = 2.3. Thus the stand is young with an average diameter of 3.90 cm and 79.6% of the trees have a diameter 5 cm. The annual increase in carbon potential of the mangrove has decreased by 80% in 5 years (2016 assessment - 2021 assessment). For a 15-year period, the total carbon stock projected by the model increases globally from 201.396 TeqCO2 in 2011 to 277,318 TeqCO2 in 2026. The projections showed an overall annual stock decrease of 14,164 TeqCO2 (94%). For 2021, the total projected stock (270.289 TeqCO2) is slightly higher than the assessed stock (251.059 TeqCO2), a difference of 7%. Also, the projected annual carbon stock for 2021 (2844 TeqCO2) is higher than the assessed stock (1353 TeqCO2), a gap of 52%.

关键词： Carbon Sequestration Mangrove Forest Sangomar

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Contribution of High Sensible C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) in the Assessment of the Risk of Onset of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Cardiovascular Complications

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 95-107页

作者： Maïmouna Touré Léopold Ngor Sène Jean Pierre Diagne Demba Diédhiou Souleymane Thiam Abdou Khadir Sow Mor Diaw Aïssatou Seck salimata Diagne Houndjo Abdoulaye Ba Abdoulaye Samb Fatou Diallo-Agne Modou Oumy Kane Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’ Explorations Fonctionnelles Physiologiques Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal IRL3189 &#8220Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233&#8221 CNRS CNRST Bamako-UCAD Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire Privé de Biologie General Kaolack S&#233n&#233gal Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Abasse Ndao Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie molé culaire Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire de Physiologie Pharmaceutique Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d'OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The latter plays an essential role in inflammation by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines or by increasing their secretion by an oxidative mechanism. These cytokines control the hepatic synthesis of an inflammatory protein called C-Reactive Protein (CRP). High or average values of CRP would have a predictive value of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between low CRP values and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications is not sufficiently studied. The hsCRP could serve as a predictive biomarker of risk of onset, follow-up and prognosis for type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. To answer this problem, we conducted this study, the aim of which was to study the predictive role of hsCRP in the risk of occurrence of type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and cross-sectional case-control study involving 200 participants including 100 control women and 100 women with type 2 diabetes (mean age was respectively 49.89 years ± 8.26 & 51.92 years ± 7.18;p = 0.066). The interviews were conducted on the basis of a questionnaire. Physical examination collected biometric data and cardiovascular constants. The biochemical parameters such as hsCRP were analyzed by an automated Abbott device. Results: We noted that hsCRP was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to control subjects (p (rho = 0.40, p systolic blood pressure (rho = 0.30, p = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (rho = 0.28, p = 0.006), total body fat (rho = 0.48, p Conclusion: hsCRP has a prognostic value in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk. It seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. It could thus be considered as a biomarker for the screening, monitoring and prognosis of type 2

关键词： hsCRP Biomarker Inflammation Type 2 Diabetes

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Modeling and Optimization of Interaction between Small Coastal Pelagic Fish, their Biological Predators and Fishermen

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Open Journal of Optimization 2021年第1期10卷 13-27页

作者： Ibrahima Diedhiou salimata Gueye Diagne Fambaye Ngom Sow Coumba Diallo diop Ndiaga Thiam Gabriel Birame Ndiaye Aissatou Fall Ndoye Gueye Cheikh Anta diop University of Dakar (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (DMI) UCAD Dakar Senegal Oceanographic Research Center Dakar Thiaroye (CRODT) Dakar Senegal Direction of Maritime Fisheries (DPM) Dakar Senegal

Small coastal pelagic fish are one of the fish families most affected by sea fishing. This man-made phenomenon leads to an imbalance in the marine and coastal ecosystem and is one of the main causes of migration north and offshore of the ranges. We used the ordinary differential equations to model the interactions existing between small pelagic resources and fishermen. Modelling follows the same of the Lotka-Volterra equations with a difference in the number of variables. This study confirmed the instability of the marine ecosystem. The objective is first of all to model a system of three interacting individuals composed of two distinct types of predators and two types of prey, and then optimise this interaction with the aim of conserving biodiversity in the ecosystem under study. Determining the Jacobian matrix made it possible to calculate the reproduction rate basic (R0). The study of the strong connectedness has made it possible to reduce the number of variables without losing the objective of the study. A computer program implemented on the language computer python facilitated the visualisation of the results.

关键词： Small Coastal Pelagics Ordinary Differential Equations Modelling Optimisation Basic Reproduction Rate

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Optimization of a Route Network in Dakar Airspace: Surface Navigation

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American Journal of Operations Research 2022年第2期12卷 64-81页

作者： Mint Elhassen Emani Amadou Coulibaly salimata G. Diagne Ahmedou Ould Haouba Alain Ngoma Mby Cheikh Anta diop University Dakar Senegal University of Nouakchott AL Aasriya Nouakchott Mauritanie Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar Dakar Senegal

In this paper, the map of a network of air routes was updated by removing the non-optimal routes and replacing them with the best ones. An integer linear programming model was developed. The aim was to find optimal routes in superspace based on performance-based navigation. The optimal routes were found from a DIJKSTRA algorithm that calculates the shortest path in a graph. Simulations with python language on real traffic areas showed the improvements brought by surface navigation. In this work, the conceptual phase and the upper airspace were studied.

关键词： Airspace Linear Optimization Graph Theory Dijkstra Algorithm Performance-Based Navigation Conventional Navigation

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Profile of Bone Mass and Its Determining Factors in Type 2 Diabetes: Case-Control Study

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2021年第4期11卷 143-158页

作者： Maïmouna Touré Cheikh A. B. Mané Mbaye Sène Abdou K. Sow Ibrahima Diouf Mame S. Coly Awa Ba-diop Mor Diaw salimata D. Houndjo Arame Mbengue Fatou Bintou Sar Modou O. Kane Mamadou Sarr Abdoulaye Ba Lamine Gueye Abdoulaye Samb Laboratory of Physiology and Functional Explorations Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physiology Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Health Sciences Thies Senegal Faculty of Health and Sustainable Development University Alioune Diop Bambey Senegal IRL 3189 “EHS: Environment Health Societies” CNRS CNRST Bamoko Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, beyond its well-known cardiovascular and neurological complications, is now increasingly recognized as having deleterious effects on bone tissue. It’s thus presented as an independent risk factor for bone fragility with a considerable fracture risk relating to many more or less intricate parameters. The general objective of our study is to assess bone mass during type 2 diabetes in Senegalese women. Methodology: We had carried out a cross-sectional and descriptive study. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected on the basis of a questionnaire. Then each of the subjects had undergone a complete clinical examination followed by a blood sample for a biological assessment of certain cardiovascular risk factors. Bone mass was measured using a bio-impedancemeter. Results: We recruited 88 women with type 2 diabetes and 83 healthy control women. The mean age of diabetic subjects was 52.7 years ± 6.8 (with extremes of 39 and 74 years). In control, the mean age was 51.0 ± 8.5 years (with extremes of 35 and 72 years). Among the diabetic subjects, 22 subjects or 25% practiced a regular walk against 27 (32.5%) in the control. Forty-three among the diabetic subjects (48.8%) were known hypertensive and followed. According to the body mass index, 71 patients (80.7%) were overweight compared to 59 (71.1%) controls. According to the waist size, 80 (90.9%) diabetic subjects had an elevated waist size compared to 69 control women (83.1%). Among diabetic subjects, 41 patients (46.5%) were hyperglycemic imbalance according to fasting blood glucose and 59 patients (67%) according to glycated hemoglobin level. Thirty-seven diabetics (42%), had both high fasting blood glucose and elevated glycated hemoglobin. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.68 ± 7.18 years. We found significantly higher bone mass in type 2 diabetic subjects (p = 0.03). Among diabetics, 27.3% had low bone mass compared to 36.

关键词： Bone Mass Bone Mineral Density Type 2 Diabetes Senegalese Women

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Stratigraphy of the MSGBC Basin in the Western Part of Thies by Pixelation and Website Simulation (Senegal, West Africa)

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第9期12卷 685-705页

作者： Mohamadou Moustapha Thiam Moumar Dieye Adama Dione Abdoul Aziz Ndiaye Mapathé Ndiaye salimata Ngom Raphaël Sarr Institut des Sciences de la Terre Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal UFR Sciences de L’Ingénieur UIDT Thiès Sénégal

During this research work we developed another approach to digital mapping using the pixelation technic. This unprecedented digital mapping of the basin MSGBC in Senegal required the compilation of numerous geological data consisting of seismic lines and oil and hydraulic log reports. These spatial reference data include geological information from the surface to the top of the Campanian. The mapped terrains are composed of the Post-Paleocene Complex (PPC), the Paleocene, the Maastrichtian, and the Campanian. The nearest neighbor method has been used to establish the spatial distribution of the different geological formations. Histograms of values were used to determine the confidence intervals of the mapping. They were used to locate areas of low relative error and to apply the 3D digital mapping technique. For instance, Diender Guedj has been mapped at 1:25,000. The result of this mapping is extracted and processed using the DBMS (MySQL) software. The latter allowed both to determine Paleocene gab and update data. And then the database is processed. The programming languages PHP and Javascript have been used to simulate a website.

关键词： MSGBC Digital Mapping Pixelation Website Simulation

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Ventilatory Disorders in Elite Athletes: Comparative Study between High-Level Athletes and Sedentary Subjects in a Sub-Saharan African Country

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 123-132页

作者： Mame Saloum Coly Mor Diaw Abdou Khadir Sow Mama Ndao salimata Diagne Houndjo Maimouna Touré Abdoulaye Ba Abdoulaye Samb Fatou Bintou Sar Arame Mbengue Laboratory of Human Physiology and Functional Explorations UFR of Health Sciences of Iba Der Thiam University Thies Senegal Laboratory of Human Physiology and Functional Explorations Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology (FMPO) of Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Pulmonology Abdoul Aziz Sy Dabakh Hospital Tivaouane Senegal

Background/Objective: Very intense and repeated exercise, particularly when performed over many years, could cause respiratory health problems. The combination of a sustained high ventilation and provocative training environments may impact the susceptibility of athletes to ventilatory disorders. Previous studies suggest that impaired ventilatory function in elite athletes can be detected in the absence of respiratory symptoms even after cessation of sports activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ventilatory function of elite athletes compared to sedentary subjects. Material and Methods: This study included sedentary subjects and elite athletes, all male, aged 16 to 23 years. The athletes played regularly in the Senegalese league 1 championships (football and basketball) for at least two seasons with more than 10 hours of training per week during two years. For all participants, an interrogation was submitted and we conducted a clinic examination was performed following by a basic and post-bronchodilator spirometry. Results: The mean age of athletes (n = 66) and sedentary subjects (n = 61) was respectively 19.16 ± 2 years and 19.54 ± 2.12 years. The elite athletes presented significantly higher spirometry values (p Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence (72.73%) of ventilatory disorders (VD) in Senegalese elite athletes. Many previously undiagnosed elite athletes had significant ventilatory problems. To prevent the respiratory risk, athletes should be encouraged to avoid certain environmental factors and to adapt the period of their training.

关键词： Spirometry Sport Sedentary Asthma Senegal

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Spirometric Abnormalities Met among Senegalese Workers Exposed to Chlorine Gas

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2019年第11期7卷 584-592页

作者： Houndjo salimata Diagne Ouattara Rokia Mbengue Arame Ouedraogo Valentin Seck Aissatou Sow Abdou khadre Diaw Mor Toure Maimouna Coly Mame Saloum Ba Awa Sar Fatou Bintou Ba Abdoulaye Samb Abdoulaye Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie-Senegal Universite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar BP 5005 Senegal UMI 3189 “Environnement Sante Societies” CNRS CNRST Universite Bamako-UCAD Dakar BP 5005 Senegal UFR des sciences de la sante Thies BP 221 Senegal UFR des sciences de la sante Bambey BP 21400 Senegal

Introduction: Chlorine as a disinfectant has many side effects on respiratory function. This respiratory toxicity may be related to the exposure time. Materials and Methods: Measure the impact of the duration of chlorine gas exposure on the respiratory function of Senegalese workers who work in the national water production factory: Senegalaise Des Eaux (SDE), aged 35-54 years. Twenty-four (24) male subjects exposed to chlorine gas were divided into two groups, one (35-44) and the other (45-54). Clinical examinations were performed on each employee, followed by chest x-rays and spirometry. We included all subjects whose first or last two spirometry results were normal. Results: In the 35-44 years group, 50% of subjects had disturbed spirometry including 41.6% of obstructive syndrome (OS), at the second spirometry and 8.3% had a restrictive syndrome FVC at -25%, at the 3rd spirometry 4/12 had a normal spirometry. The duration of exposure was 10 years. For subjects in 45-54 years, 8/12 had persistent OS or accentuated, then at the 3rd spirometry we had 10 subjects. The duration of exposure was 17.5 years. Conclusion: Compared with (35-44) group, older (45-54) subjects had significant OS, which may be related to duration of exposure.

关键词： Spirometry exposure SDE

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