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Ileal-anal pouches: A review of its history, indications, and complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4320-4342页

作者： Kheng-Seong Ng Simon Joseph Gonsalves Peter Michael sagar John Goligher Colorectal Unit St.James’s University HospitalLeeds LS9 7TFUnited Kingdom Institute of Academic Surgery University of SydneyCamperdownNew South Wales 2050Australia Department of Colorectal Surgery Huddersfield Royal InfirmaryCalderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation TrustHuddersfield HD3 3EAUnited Kingdom

The ileal pouch anal anastomosis(IPAA)has revolutionised the surgical management of ulcerative colitis(UC)and familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP).Despite refinement in surgical technique(s)and patient selection,IPAA can be associated with significant *** the IPAA celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2018,this review provides a timely outline of its history,indications,and *** has undergone significant modification since *** both UC and FAP,IPAA surgery aims to definitively cure disease and prevent malignant degeneration,while providing adequate continence and avoiding a permanent *** majority of patients experience long-term success,but“early”and“late”complications are *** sepsis is a common early complication with far-reaching consequences of long-term pouch dysfunction,but prompt intervention(either radiological or surgical)reduces the risk of pouch *** in the absence of sepsis,pouch dysfunction is a longterm complication that may have a myriad of *** is a common cause that remains incompletely understood and difficult to manage at times.10%of patients succumb to the diagnosis of pouch failure,which is traditionally associated with the need for pouch *** review provides a timely outline of the history,indications,and complications associated with *** selection remains key,and contraindications exist for this surgery.A structured management plan is vital to the successful management of complications following pouch surgery.

关键词： Ileal pouch Restorative proctocolectomy Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Familial adenomatous polyposis

The effects of climate and land use change on the potential distribution and nesting habitat of the Lesser Adjutant in Nepal

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 326-335页

作者： Hem Bahadur Katuwal Hari Prasad Sharma Prashant Rokka Krishna Prasad Bhusal Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai Sabina Koirala Sandeep Chhetri Luitel Shailendra Yadav Ganesh Sah Hem sagar Baral Laxman Prasad Poudyal Lin Wang Rui-Chang Quan Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan666303China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesYezinNay Pyi Taw05282Myanmar Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation MenglaYunnan666303China Nepal Zoological Society Kathmandu44600Nepal Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Faculty of Forestry Agriculture and Forestry UniversityHetaudaMakwanpur44107Nepal IUCN SSC Bird Red List Authority Rue Mauverney1196GlandSwitzerland Mithila Wildlife Trust JanakpurdhamDhanusa45600Nepal Zoological Society of London-Nepal Office Kathmandu44600Nepal Institute of Land Water and SocietySchool of Environmental SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityAlbury-WodongaAustralia Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park Department of National Parks and Wildlife ConservationKathmanduNepal

Climate change and land use change pose a threat to the world’s biodiversity and have significant impacts on the geographic distribution and composition of many bird species,but little is known about how they affect threatened large-sized waterbird species that rely on agricultural *** address this gap,we investigated how climate and land use changes influence the distribution and nesting habitats of the globally vulnerable Lesser Adjutant(Leptoptilos javanicus) in *** 2012 and 2023,we collected distribution data from 24 districts and nesting site information from 18 *** a nation-wide breeding survey conducted in 2020,we documented a total of 581 fledglings from 346 nests in 109 *** ensemble model predicted a current potential distribution of 15%(21,637 km2) and a potential nesting habitat of 13%(19,651 km2) for the species in *** highest predicted current suitable distribution and nesting habitat was in Madhesh Province,while none was predicted in Karnali *** majority of this predicted distributional and nesting habitat falls on agricultural landscapes(>70%).Our model showed a likely range expansion of up to 15%(21,573 km2) for the distribution and up to 12%(17,482 km2) for the nesting habitat under SSP5-8.5 scenarios for the *** range expansion is expected to occur mainly within the current distribution and breeding range(Tarai and some regions of Siwalk),particularly in Lumbini and Sudurpashchim provinces,and extend to the northern portions(Siwalik and Mid-hill regions) in other ***,the current Protected Areas and Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas are inadequate for providing optimal habitats for the *** the model suggests range expansion,the use of such novel habitats is primarily contingent on the availability and protection of large-sized trees(particularly Bombax ceiba,observed in 65% of colonies) in agricultural regions where nesting ***,our research sugges

关键词： Agricultural landscapes Bombax ceiba Ensemble modeling Farmland bird IBA Nest site

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第1期12卷 53-67页

作者： Deepak Parchwani Amit D Sonagra sagar Dholariya Anita Motiani Ragini Singh Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical SciencesRajkot 360001India

BACKGROUND Empirical use of potentially hepatotoxic drugs in the management of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is considered as one of the major etiopathogenetic factors for liver *** evidence has shown that an underlying genetic factor may also ***,it is important to understand the host genetics and iatrogenic-based mechanisms for liver dysfunction to make timely remedial *** To investigate drug-induced and genetic perspectives for the development of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)-related liver *** Reference Citation Analysis,PubMed,Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched by employing the relevant MeSH keywords and pertaining data of the duration,site and type of study,sample size with any subgroups and drug-induced liver injury *** aspects were extracted from the most current pertinent *** In all studies,the hepatic specific aminotransferase and other biochemical indices were more than their prescribed upper normal limit in COVID-19 patients and were found to be significantly related with the gravity of disease,hospital stay,number of COVID-19 treatment drugs and worse clinical *** addition,membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 rs641738,rs11385942 G>GA at chromosome 3 gene cluster and rs657152 C>A at ABO blood locus was significantly associated with severity of livery injury in admitted SARS-CoV-2 *** Hepatic dysfunction in SARS-CoV-2 infection could be the result of individual drugs or due to drug-drug interactions and may be in a subset of patients with a geneticpropensity. Thus, serial estimation of hepatic indices in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients shouldbe done to make timely corrective actions for iatrogenic causes to avoid clinical *** molecular and translational research is warranted in this regard.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Liver injury Genetic prospective Drug-induced liver injury Prognosis COVID-19

Carcinogenesis on the background of liver fibrosis: Implications for the management of hepatocellular cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第39期24卷 4436-4447页

作者： Joanne Marie O'Rourke Vandana Mridhu sagar Tahir Shah Shishir Shetty Centre for Liver Research Institute of Biomedical ResearchBirmingham B15 2TTUnited Kingdom NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is now the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally and many patients have incurable disease. HCC predominantly occurs in the setting of liver cirrhosis and is a paradigm for inflammation-induced cancer. The causes of chronic liver disease promote the development of transformed or premalignant hepatocytes and predisposes to the development of HCC. For HCC to grow and progress it is now clear that it requires an immunosuppressive niche within the fibrogenic microenvironment of cirrhosis. The rationale for targeting this immunosuppression is supported by responses seen in recent trials with checkpoint inhibitors. With the impact of immunotherapy, HCC progression may be delayed and long term durable responses may be seen. This makes the management of the underlying liver cirrhosis in HCC even more crucial as studies demonstrate that measures of liver function are a major prognostic factor in HCC. In this review, we discuss the development of cancer in the setting of liver inflammation and fibrosis, reviewing the microenvironment that leads to this tumourigenic climate and the implications this has for patient management.

关键词： Hepatocellular cancer Carcinogenesis Inflammation Fibrosis Immunotherapy

Rolling of Al-SiC_p Composites

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 103-105页

作者： Rajesh Purohit Anil Kumar Das Rakesh sagar Mechanical Engineering Department Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department IIT Delhi-16IIT Delhi-16IIT Delhi-16

Aluminum based metal matrix composites are offering o utstanding properties in a number of automotive and aircraft components and body structures. The major advantages of these composite materials are their high st rength to weight ratio, high stiffness, high hardness, wear resistance, low coef ficient of thermal expansion, superior dimensional stability and versatility to designer. In addition to these their isotropic properties, good forming characte ristics, easy availability of cheaper reinforcements along with the availability of comparatively low cost, high volume production methods have made them a prom ising material for future growth. Weight reduction is a major goal of automotive innovations. Lighter vehicles/ ai rcraft means less fuel consumption, reduced emissions, and improved performance. Components made from highly loaded aluminium matrix composites are attractive r elative to iron based materials because of their low density, high stiffness (eq uivalent to nodular iron) and better heat transfer characteristics. The basic co st of materials is higher with these advanced composites; however, manufacturing the part to near net shape may offset basic material costs. A good aluminium based material design can improves safety. The aluminium-based composites can give cars better acceleration and braking, improved handling, ex cellent durability, and ease of repair. Tha aluminum-based composite performs a s well or better in crash than conventional steel-structured cars because of th eir larger volume, which can absorb more crash energy. Another excellent advanta ge of Al-SiC p composite in auto design is better stability and response, and reduced noise, vibration/harshness (NHV). These advantages stem from reduced veh icle weight combined with high structural stiffness and also lead to improved st ability and turning response. In the present work Al-SiC p composite plates of 10 to 12 mm thickness w ere cast using sand casting as well as die casting process.

关键词： SiC Rolling of Al-SiC_p Composites Al

Reliable folding of hybrid tetrapeptides into shortβ-hairpins

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第1期33卷 257-261页

作者： Xue-Yi Sun Yulong Zhong Yao-Hua Li Daniel P.Miller sagar Buttan Xiang-Xiang Wu Yukun Zhang Quan Tang Hong-Wei Tan Jin Zhu Rui Liu Eva Zurek Zhong-Lin Lu Bing Gong College of Chemistry Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Chemistry University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260United States Department of Chemistry Hofstra UniversityHempsteadNY 11549United States Academy of Chinese Medical Science Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450046China Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Five hybrid tetrapeptides,each consisting a central dipeptide segment ofα-amino acid residues flanked by two aromaticγ-amino acid residues,are found to fold into well-definedβ-hairpin conformations as shown by NMR,computational study,and X-ray *** turn loop of thisβ-hairpin motif accommodates different two-residueα-amino acid sequences from the highly flexible Gly-Gly,to the more restricted *** presence ofα-amino acid side chains enhances the stabilities of theβ-hairpins with the exception of D-Pro-Gly-which results in *** on this hairpin/turn motif,a variety of different dipeptide sequences ofα-amino acids which rarely occur inβ-turns can be introduced and presented as two-residue loops.

关键词： β-Hairpin β-Turn γ-Amino acid NMR X-ray

Recognition and Classification of Pomegranate Leaves Diseases by Image Processing and Machine Learning Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2939-2955页

作者： Mangena Venu Madhavan Dang Ngoc Hoang Thanh Aditya Khamparia sagar Pande RahulMalik Deepak Gupta School of Computer Science Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab144411India University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City70000Vietnam Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology 110086India

Disease recognition in plants is one of the essential problems in agricultural image *** article focuses on designing a framework that can recognize and classify diseases on pomegranate plants *** framework utilizes image processing techniques such as image acquisition,image resizing,image enhancement,image segmentation,ROI extraction(region of interest),and feature *** image dataset related to pomegranate leaf disease is utilized to implement the framework,divided into a training set and a test *** the implementation process,techniques such as image enhancement and image segmentation are primarily used for identifying ROI and *** image classification will then be implemented by combining a supervised learning model with a support vector *** proposed framework is developed based on MATLAB with a graphical user *** to the experimental results,the proposed framework can achieve 98.39%accuracy for classifying diseased and healthy ***,the framework can achieve an accuracy of 98.07%for classifying diseases on pomegranate leaves.

关键词： Image enhancement image segmentation image processing for agriculture K-means multi-class support vector machine

Advances in surgical management for locally recurrent rectal cancer: How far have we come?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第23期23卷 4170-4180页

作者： Daniel Jin-Keat Lee Peter M sagar Gaitri Sadadcharam Kok-Yang Tan Department of Surgery Khoo Teck Puat Hospital John Goligher Colorectal Surgery Unit St James’s University Hospital

Locally recurrent rectal cancer(LRRC) is a complex disease with far-reaching implications for the patient. Until recently, research was limited regarding surgical techniques that can increase the ability to perform an en bloc resection with negative margins. This has changed in recent years and therefore outcomes for these patients have improved. Novel radical techniques and adjuncts allow for more radical resections thereby improving the chance of negative resection margins and outcomes. In the past contraindications to surgery included anterior involvement of the pubic bone, sacral invasions above the level of S2/S3 and lateral pelvic wall involvement. However, current data suggests that previously unresectable cases may now be feasible with novel techniques, surgical approaches and reconstructive surgery. The publications to date have only reported small patient pools with the research conducted by highly specialised units. Moreover, the short and long-term oncological outcomes are currently under review. Therefore although surgical options for LRRC have expanded significantly, one should balance the treatment choices available against the morbidity associated with the procedure and select the right patient for it.

关键词：周期性的直肠的癌症 Sacrectomy 骨盆的取出肚肠骨盆的 sidewall 激进的切除术

Facile magnetoresistance adjustment of graphene foam for magnetic sensor applications through microstructure tailoring

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Nano Materials Science 2020年第4期2卷 346-352页

作者： Rizwan Ur Rehman sagar Min Zhang Xiaohao Wang Babar Shabbir Florian JStadler Nanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518055China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies(FLEET)Monash UniversityClaytonVictoria3800Australia

Graphene foam is becoming a material of choice for magnetoelectronic devices due to its large,linear and unsaturated room temperature ***,the magnetoresistance of graphene foam is not as large as that of monolayer ***,we describe how magnetoresistance^100%was detected at room temperature under a magnetic field of 5 T that is comparable to the magnetoresistance in monolayer graphene;the highest magnetoresistance of^158%was detected at 5 K under a magnetic field of 5 *** monolayer graphene,graphene foam is far more comfortable with producing in gram scale and utilizing in magnetoelectronic devices.

关键词： Graphene foam Magnetoresistance Porosity Defects Surface area