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Gallbladder perforation:A single-center experience in north India and a step-up approach for management

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 168-174页

作者： Vivek gupta Abhijit Chandra Vishal gupta Ravi Patel Amit Dangi Ajay Pai Department of surgical Gastroenterology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh 226003India

Background: spontaneous gallbladder perforation(GBP) is an uncommon diagnosis. This study presented the experience of managing spontaneous GBP over nine years at a large, tertiary care university hospital in north India and investigated the outcomes and treatment strategies. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively maintained digital database of consecutive patients was performed. All patients received medical and/or surgical treatment for spontaneous GBP in our department between January 2010 and June 2018. Results: We identifed 151 patients(81 females and 70 males) with mean age of 53 years. Most common presenting features were pain(96.7%), fever(54.3%) and jaundice(31.1%). Most common cause was gallbladder stones(84.8%) followed by common bile duct stones(30.5%), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(17.9%) and malignancy(11.9%). As per Niemeier classifcation, 8.6% had type 1 GBP(free perforation in peritoneal cavity), 76.2% had type 2 GBP(localized perforation) and 13.2% had type 3 GBP(cholecystoenteric fstula). About 60% of the perforations were diagnosed preoperatively. Type 1 was more common in patients with diabetes and also had the worst prognosis. surgery was performed in 109 patients(72.2%). seven patients(4.6%) had a postoperative morbidity of Clavien-Dindo Ⅲ or higher. There were three mortalities in patients who underwent surgery. Conclusions: High index of suspicion is required for preoperative diagnosis of GBP, especially in types 2 and 3. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be difficult in these patients and patients may require open or partial cholecystectomy. Early diagnosis and step-up approach for the treatment of GBP is critical.

关键词： Acute calculus cholecystitis Cholecystectomy Cholecysto-enteric fstula Niemeier classifcation

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sEQUENCING DELIVERIEs TO MINIMIZE INVENTORY HOLDING COsT WITH DOMINANT UPsTREAM sUPPLY CHAIN PARTNER

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2009年第2期18卷 159-183页

作者： sushil gupta Manoj VANAJAKUMARI Chelliah sRIsKANDARAJAH Florida International University USA Texas A&M University USA The University of Texas at Dallas USA

This paper studies a two stage supply chain with a dominant upstream partner. Manufacturer is the dominant partner and operates in a Just-in-Time environment. Production is done in a single manufacturing line capable of producing two products without stopping the production for switching from one product to the other. The manufacturer imposes constraints on the distributor by adhering to his favorable production schedule which minimizes his manufacturing cost. Distributor on the other hand caters to retailers＇ orders without incurring any shortages and is responsible for managing the inventory of finished goods. Adhering to manufacturer＇s schedule may lead to high inventory carrying costs for the distributor. Distributor＇s problem, which is to find an optimal distribution sequence which minimizes the distributor＇s inventory cost under the constraint imposed by the manufacturer is proved NP-Hard by Manoj et al. （2008）. Therefore, solving large size problems require efficient heuristics. We develop algorithms for the distribution problem by exploiting its structural properties. We propose two heuristics and use their solutions in the initial population of a genetic algorithm to arrive at solutions with an average deviation of less than 3.5% from the optimal solution for practical size problems.

关键词： supply chain scheduling production and distribution system logistics genetic algorithm optimized cross over

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Groundwater arsenic biogeochemistry-Key questions and use of tracers to understand arsenic-prone groundwater systems

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第5期10卷 1635-1641页

作者： David A. Polya Charlotte sparrenbom saugata datta Huaming Guo school of Earth and Environmental sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental science The University of ManchesterWilliamson BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK Department of Geology Lund UniversityLundSweden Department of Geology Kansas State University108 Thompson HallManhattanKS66506-3201USA state Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology and school of Water Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Over 100,000,000 people worldwide are exposed to high arsenic groundwater utilised for drinking or *** consequent global avoidable disease burden is estimated to be of the order of 100,000 avoidable deaths or more per annum from just direct exposures - *** indirect exposure (from rice and other foods) and excluding *** 1000s of papers published on arsenic (hydro)(bio)geochemistry,there remain a number of key outstanding questions to be addressed in relation to arsenic geoscience - these include questions related to:(i) the role of human activities - irrigation,agriculture and other land uses - on arsenic mobilisation in groundwaters;(ii) the specific sources,nature and role of organics,minerals and microbial communities involved in arsenic mobilisation;(iii) the relationship to microscopic to macroscopic scale geological (including tectonic) and evolution processes;(iv) unravelling the over-printing of multiple processes in complex highly heterogeneous aquifer systems and (v) using increasing understanding of the controls of arsenic mobility in groundwaters systems to informing improved locally-relevant remediation and mitigation *** article further summarises how the 9 further papers in this special Issue address some of these questions through the use of chemical and/or isotopic tracers.

关键词： Arsenic Groundwater Biogeochemical cycles Tracers

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A Temporal Locality-Aware Page-Mapped Flash Translation Layer

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2013年第6期28卷 1025-1044页

作者： Youngjae Kim Aayush gupta Bhuvan Urgaonkar National Center for Computational sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory IBM Almaden Research Center ACM IEEE Department of Computer science and Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park

The poor performance of random writes has been a cause of major concern which needs to be addressed to better utilize the potential of flash in enterprise-scale environments. We examine one of the important causes of this poor performance： the design of the flash translation layer （FTL） which performs the virtual-to-physical address translations and hides the erase-before-write characteristics of flash. We propose a complete paradigm shift in the design of the core FTL engine from the existing techniques with our Demand-Based Flash Translation Layer （DFTL） which selectively caches page- level address mappings. Our experimental evaluation using Flashsim with realistic enterprise-scale workloads endorses the utility of DFTL in enterprise-scale storage systems by demonstrating： 1） improved performance, 2） reduced garbage collection overhead and 3） better overload behavior compared with hybrid FTL schemes which are the most popular implementation methods. For example, a predominantly random-write dominant I/O trace from an OLTP application running at a large financial institution shows a 78% improvement in average response time （due to a 3-fold reduction in operations of the garbage collector）, compared with the hybrid FTL scheme. Even for the well-known read-dominant TPC-H benchmark, for which DFTL introduces additional overheads, we improve system response time by 56%. Moreover, interestingly, when write-back cache on DFTL-based ssD is enabled, DFTL even outperforms the page-based FTL scheme, improving their response time by 72% in Financial trace.

关键词： flash memory flash translation layer storage system

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Pharmacognostical,phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation for the antipyretic effect of the seeds of saraca asoca Roxb.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第10期2卷 782-786页

作者： sasmal s Majumdar s gupta M Mukherjee A Mukherjee PK Department of Dravyaguna(Medicinal Pharmacology) Institute of Post Graduate Ayurvedic Education and Research Department of Chemical Technology University of Calcutta Department of Health & Family WelfareGovernment of West Bengal

Objective:To conduct a systemic evaluation of the medicinal value of seeds which include macroscopic and microscopic characterization,physiochomical evaluation,preliminary phylochemical screening and experimental antipyretic ***:saraca asoca seed was studied for pharmacognostical,phytochemical and other recommended methods for ***,the acetone extract of the seeds was evaluated for acute toxicity study and antipyretic activity using Brewer's yeast induced pyrexia in Wislar rats at oral doses of 300 mg/kg and 500 mg/***:After phytochemical screening,the acetone extract showed the presence of saponin,tannins and flavonoids which inhibit *** therapeutic efficacy achieved at both the dose levels of the research drug and standard drug aspirin(100 mg/kg)showed significant(Psignificant antipyretic effect exhibited at the dose of 500 mg/kg was also found to be sustainable in ***:The antipyretic effect of the acetone extract showed significant results in rats at the dose of 500 mg/kg after following the standard pharmacognostical and phylochemieal met hods.

关键词： Antipyretic saraca asoca seed Pharmacognosy Acetone extract

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Removal and recovery of toxic nanosized Cerium Oxide using eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 175-184页

作者： Kanha gupta Nitin Khandelwal Gopala Krishna Darbha Department of Chemical sciences USER KolkataMohanpurWest BengalPincode 741246India Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory Department of Earth SciencesUSER KolkataMohanpurWest BengalPincode 741246India Center for Climate&Environmental studies USER KolkataMohanpurWest BengalPincode 741246India

Increasing applications of metal oxide nanoparticles and their release in the natural environment is a serious concern due to their toxic ***,it is essential to have eco-friendly solutions for the remediation of toxic metal oxides in an aqueous *** the present study,eco-friendly Iron Oxide Nanoparticles(IONPs)are synthesized using solvothermal technique and successfully characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy(sEM and TEM respectively)and powder X-Ray diffraction(PXRD).These IONPs were further utilized for the remediation of toxic metal oxide nanoparticle,i.e.,*** experiments were also performed in complex aqueous solutions and real water samples to check its applicability in the natural *** study was performed to show *** show that these 200 nm-sized spherical IONPs,as revealed by sEM and TEM analysis,were magnetite(Fe3O4)and contained short-range crystallinity as confirmed from XRD *** experiments show that the composite follows the pseudosecond-order kinetic *** k>0.99 for Langmuir sorption isotherm suggests chemisorption as probable removal mechanism with monolayer sorption of Ce02 NPs on *** than 80%recovery of adsorbed Ce02 NPs through ultrasonication and magnetic separation of reaction precipitate confirms reusability of *** removal%of Ce02 in various synthetic and real water samples was>90%signifying that IONPs are candidate adsorbent for the removal and recovery of toxic metal oxide nanoparticles from contaminated environmental water samples.

关键词： Adsorption toxic metal oxide remediation eco-friendly IONP Iron oxide CeO2 removal

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Complement pathway in Alzheimer’s pathology and retinal neurodegenerative disorders–the road ahead

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 257-258页

作者： Mehdi Mirzaei Liting Deng Veer Bala gupta stuart Graham Vivek gupta Department of Molecular sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Clinical Medicine Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia school of Medicine Deakin UniversityGeelongVICAustralia

Chronic inflammation has increasingly been acknowledged as a hallmark feature of several progressive neurodegenerative disorders. Accruing evidence indicates that sustained inflammation compromises the core neuroprote... 详细信息

关键词： pathology neurodegenerative mechanisms

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seasonal variability of ambient NH_3, NO, NO_2 and sO_2 over Delhi

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第7期22卷 1023-1028页

作者： s.K.sharma A.datta T.saud M.saxena T.K.Mandal Y.N.Ahammed B.C.Arya Radio and Atmospheric sciences Division National Physical Laboratory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

We present the diurnal and seasonal variability of ambient NH3, NO, NO2 and sO2 over Delhi, India. Ambient NH3, NO and NO2 were measured continuously during winter, summer and autumn seasons using NH3- and NOx-analyzer, which operates by chemiluminescence method with a higher estimation efficiency （〉 90%） than the chemical trap method （reproducibility 4.7%）. Prominent diurnal, day-to-day and seasonal variations of ambient mixing ratio of NH3, NO, NO2 and sO2 were observed during the study period. seasonal variation with higher mixing ratio in winter was observed for all measured trace gases except NO. Day-night variation of all measured trace gases observed was higher in winter in comparison with summer. Late morning increase in NO2 mixing ratio might be attributed to conversion of NO to NO2 with the interaction ofO3.

关键词： ambient NH3, diurnal and seasonal variations chemiluminescence method ambient NO, NO2 and sO2

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Violence study of healthcare workers and systems in the Caribbean:VisHWas-Caribbean study

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 106-118页

作者： Reshon Hadmon Daniella Myriam Pierre Akshat Banga Jacques W Clerville Hans Mautong Precious Akinsanya Rajat Das gupta sama soliman Tolupe M Hunjah Bamidele A Hunjah Hafeez Hamza Ruman Khurshid Qasba Faisal A Nawaz salim surani Rahul Kashyap Department of Medicine St.George University School of MedicineGrenada FZ818West Indies Department of Research Global Remote Research Scholar ProgramSt PaulMN 55101United States Department of Public Health Cuny Graduate School of Public Health and Health PolicyNew YorkNY 10027United States Department of Internal Medicine Sawai Man Singh Medical CollegeJaipur 302004India school of Public Health Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30302United States Department of sociology and Demography School of HealthUniversidad de Especialidades Espiritu SantoSamborondon 092301Ecuador Department of Medicine Holy Name Medical CenterTeaneckNJ 07666United States Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208United States Department of Medicine Pavlov First State Medical University of St PetersburgSankt-Peterburg 197022Russia Department of Medicine University of SuffolkIpswich IP41QJUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine Unicaf University of ZambiaLusaka 20842Zambia Department of Pharmacy School of PharmacyGirne 99428Cyprus Department of Medicine Sher-i-KashmirInstitute of Medical ScienceSrinagar 190011India Department of Psychiatry Al Amal Psychiatric HospitalEmirates Health ServicesDubaiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Medicine and Pharmacology Texas A and M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Anesthesiology and Critical Care Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Research Wellspan HealthYorkPA 17403United States

BACKGROUND Violence against healthcare workers(HCWs)in the Caribbean continues to prevail yet remains *** aim is to determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the *** To determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the *** This research adopted an online cross-sectional survey approach,spanning over eight weeks(between June 6th and August 9th,2022).The survey was generated using Research Electronic Data Capture forms and followed a snowballing strategy to contact individuals using emails,social media,text messages,*** regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables that influence violence,including gender,age,years of experience,institution type,and night shift *** The survey was completed by 225 *** comprised 61%.Over 51%of respondents belonged to the 21 to 35 age ***(n=61),Haiti(n=50),and Grenada(n=31)had the most *** HCWs(49%)worked for government academic institutions,followed by community hospitals(23%).Medical students(32%),followed by attending physicians(22%),and others(16%)comprised the most common cadre of *** 39%of the participants reported experiencing violence themselves,and 18%reported violence against colleague(s).Verbal violence(48%),emotional abuse(24%),and physical misconduct(14%)were the most common types of *** 63%of respondents identified patients or their relatives as the most frequent *** logistic regression analyses demonstrated that female gender(OR=2.08;95%CI:1.16-3.76,P=0.014)and higher frequency of night shifts(OR=2.22;95%CI:1.08-4.58,P=0.030)were associated with significantly higher odds of experiencing *** than 50%of HCWs felt less motivated and had decreased job satisfaction post-violent *** A large proportion of HCWs in the Caribbean are exposed to violence,yet the phenomenon remains *** a result,HCWs’job s

关键词： VisHWas Healthcare workers Violence survey Workplace violence Caribbean Cross-sectional study

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Antifertility effects of methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth in male rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2004年第2期6卷 155-159页

作者： R. s. gupta J. B. s.Kachhawa R. Chaudhary Reproduction Physiology section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 India

Aim: To evaluate the antifertility activity of the methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth in male albino rats. Methods: The methanolic pod extract of Albizzia lebbeck was administrated orally for 60 days at 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1·day-1 to male albino rats. sperm motility and density in cauda epididymides were assessed. Biochemical and histological analysis were performed in blood samples and reproductive organs. Results: A. lebbeck pod extract brought about a significant decrease in the weights of testis, seminal vesicles, epdidymis and ventral prostate. The sperm motility and density were significantly reduced. There was a marked reduction in the numbers of primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids. The sertoli cell count as well as its cross sectional surface area were significantly decreased. The Leydig cell nuclear area and the number of mature Leydig celis were also significantly decreased. The protein, glycogen and cholesterol content of the testis, the fructose in the seminal vesicles and protein in the epididymis were significantly decreased. The RBC and WBC counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit and blood sugar were within the normai range. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of A. lebbeck pods causes spermatogenic arrest in male albino rats.

关键词： Albizzia lebbeck sertoli celis spermatogonia spermatocytes leydig celis

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